☐ | Preliminary Proxy Statement | |
☐ | Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)) | |
☒ | Definitive Proxy Statement | |
☐ | Definitive Additional Materials | |
☐ | Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-11(c) or §240.14a-12 |
☒ | No fee required. | |||
☐ | Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(4) and 0-11. | |||
☐ | Fee paid previously with preliminary materials. |
CHENIERE ENERGY, INC. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT
April 10, 2023
To our Shareholders:
It is our pleasure to invite you to attend the Cheniere Energy, Inc. 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”). The Meeting will be held at 9:00 a.m. Central Time, on May 11, 2023 at our corporate headquarters located at 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002.
The following Notice of Annual Meeting describes the business to be conducted at the Meeting. We encourage you to review the materials and vote your shares.
You may vote via the Internet, by telephone, or by submitting your completed proxy card by mail. If you attend the Meeting, you may vote your shares in person if you are a shareholder of record.
Thank you for your continued support as investors in Cheniere Energy, Inc.
Very truly yours,
G. Andrea Botta | Jack A. Fusco | |||
Chairman of the Board |
President and Chief Executive Officer |
CHENIERE ENERGY, INC.
700 Milam Street, Suite 1900
Houston, Texas 77002
(713) 375-5000
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
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TIME AND DATE: | 9:00 a.m., Central Time on May 11, 2023 |
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PLACE: | Cheniere Energy, Inc. 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900 Houston, TX 77002 |
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ITEMS OF BUSINESS: |
• To elect nine members of the Board of Directors named in this proxy statement to hold office for a one-year term expiring at the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
• To approve, on an advisory and non-binding basis, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers for 2022 (say-on-pay vote).
• To approve, on an advisory and non-binding basis, the frequency of holding future advisory votes on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers (say-on-frequency vote).
• To ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for 2023.
• To vote on a shareholder proposal regarding climate change risk analysis, if properly presented at the Meeting.
• To transact such other business as may properly come before the Meeting and any adjournment or postponement thereof.
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RECORD DATE: | You can vote if you were a shareholder of record as of the close of business on March 27, 2023.
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PROXY VOTING: | It is important that your shares be represented and voted at the Meeting. You can vote your shares by completing and mailing the enclosed proxy card or by voting on the Internet or by telephone. See details under the heading “Frequently Asked Questions—How do I vote?”
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ELECTRONIC AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS: | We are making this Proxy Statement, including the Notice of Annual Meeting and 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, available on our website at: www.cheniere.com/2023AnnualMeeting.
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By order of the Board of Directors
Sean N. Markowitz
Corporate Secretary
April 10, 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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1
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PROPOSAL 1 – ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
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10
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12 | ||||
14 | ||||
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20
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20 | ||||
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21 | ||||
22 | ||||
23 | ||||
27 | ||||
30 | ||||
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES |
31 | |||
31 | ||||
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32 | ||||
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35
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EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
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37
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38
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COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
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40
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40 | ||||
45 | ||||
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56 | ||||
60 | ||||
61 |
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72
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73
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77
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78
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79
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PROPOSAL 4 – RATIFICATION OF KPMG LLP AS INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR 2023
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81
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PROPOSAL 5 – SHAREHOLDER PROPOSAL REGARDING CLIMATE RISK ANALYSIS
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82
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87
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91
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91 | ||||
91 | ||||
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A-1
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B-1
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APPENDIX C: Definition and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
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C-1
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Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This Proxy Statement contains forward-looking statements relating to, among other things, business strategy, performance and expectations for project development, as well as our goals in relation to environmental and social matters. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these statements and should review the sections captioned “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for important information about these statements, including the risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to vary materially from the assumptions, expectations and projections expressed in any forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made, and, other than as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or developments or otherwise.
Website References
This Proxy Statement includes several website addresses and references to additional materials found on those websites. These websites and materials are not incorporated by reference herein.
PROXY SUMMARY
The following is an overview of information that you will find throughout this Proxy Statement in connection with the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”) of Cheniere Energy, Inc. (“Cheniere” or the “Company”). This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider. For more complete information about these topics, please review the complete Proxy Statement prior to voting. For more complete information about our 2022 performance, please review our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, available on our website at www.cheniere.com/2023AnnualMeeting. The Notice of Annual Meeting (“Notice”), Proxy Statement, proxy card and 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, are being mailed to shareholders on or about April 10, 2023.
ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
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TIME AND DATE:
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9:00 a.m., Central Time on May 11, 2023
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PLACE: | Cheniere Energy, Inc. 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900 Houston, TX 77002 | |||
RECORD DATE:
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The close of business on March 27, 2023 (the “Record Date”)
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VOTING: | Shareholders as of the close of business on the Record Date are entitled to vote. Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote for each matter to be voted upon. | |||
ADMISSION: | No admission card is required to enter the Meeting, but you will need proof of your stock ownership and valid government-issued picture identification. Please see “Frequently Asked Questions” on page 87 of this Proxy Statement for more information.
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VOTING MATTERS AND BOARD RECOMMENDATIONS
PROPOSAL
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DESCRIPTION
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BOARD VOTE RECOMMENDATION
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PAGE REFERENCE (FOR MORE DETAILS)
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1 |
Election of directors | FOR EACH NOMINEE | 10 | |||
2 |
Advisory and non-binding vote on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers for 2022 (say-on-pay vote) | FOR | 77 | |||
3 |
Advisory and non-binding vote on the frequency of holding future advisory votes on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers (say-on-frequency vote) | FOR 1 YEAR | 78 | |||
4 |
Ratification of appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for 2023 | FOR | 81 | |||
5 |
Shareholder proposal regarding climate change risk analysis, if properly presented at the Meeting | AGAINST | 82 |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
1 |
PROXY SUMMARY
2022 PERFORMANCE AND
STRATEGIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS
The following items highlight our 2022 and recent accomplishments. For more information about these accomplishments and their relationship to our executive compensation program, please see “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” on page 40 of this Proxy Statement.
ACHIEVED RECORD FINANCIAL RESULTS
Record Revenue of >$33 billion and Net Income of $1.4 billion
Exceeded high end of Full Year 2022 Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA & Distributable Cash Flow Guidance
Increased midpoint of Full Year 2022 Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA & Distributable Cash Flow Guidance by ~$5 billion during the year |
“20/20 VISION” LONG-TERM CAPITAL ALLOCATION PLAN
Solidify Long-Term Investment Grade Balance Sheet targeting ~4x run-rate leverage
Fund financially disciplined growth with potential for up to ~90 mtpa liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) platform
Return capital to shareholders through 20% increase to quarterly dividend & targeting ~10% annual growth rate through mid-2020s, & $4 billion upsize of share repurchase program for 3 years
Repaid >$5.4 billion of long-term indebtedness, achieved Investment Grade ratings throughout the Cheniere complex & repurchased ~$1.4 billion of common shares in 2022 |
SEAMLESS LNG OPERATIONS & BEST IN CLASS SAFETY
Exported 638 cargoes & produced >2,300 tbtu, representing ~11% of global LNG produced in 2022
Answered global call for reliable, flexible LNG supply with ~70% of our volume delivered to Europe
Signed >180 million tonnes of aggregate volumes of long-term contracts extending as far as 2050
Record low Total Reportable Incident Rate (TRIR) of 0.05
>93% utilization rate in 2022 vs. ~80% global average1 |
WORLD-CLASS LNG DEVELOPMENT AND EXECUTION
Sabine Pass Train 6 achieved substantial completion over a year in advance of guaranteed completion
Achieved substantial completion of third berth at Sabine Pass, providing increased operational flexibility
Corpus Christi Stage 3 FID & early construction progress ahead of plan
Initiated permitting process for Corpus Christi Midscale Trains 8 & 9 |
* | For a definition of Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and Distributable Cash Flow and a reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, please see Appendix C. |
1 | Global utilization average per International Gas Union. Cheniere utilization reflects 2022 feed gas processed / production capacity. |
Strategic
• | In September 2022, certain of our subsidiaries entered the pre-filing review process with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) under the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”) for an expansion adjacent to the natural gas liquefaction and export facilities at the Corpus Christi LNG terminal, consisting of two midscale trains with an expected total production capacity of approximately 3 mtpa of LNG (“CCL Midscale Trains 8 and 9”). |
2 | CHENIERE |
2022 PERFORMANCE AND STRATEGIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS
• | On June 15, 2022, the Board of Directors (“Board”) made a positive final investment decision (“FID”) with respect to an expansion of the Corpus Christi LNG terminal (the “Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project” and together with the natural gas liquefaction and export facilities at the Corpus Christi LNG terminal, the “CCL Project”) for up to seven midscale trains with an expected total operational production capacity of over 10 mtpa of LNG. We issued a full notice to proceed with construction to Bechtel effective June 16, 2022. |
• | We entered into the following agreements: |
• | We entered into new or amended long-term LNG sale and purchase agreements (“SPAs”) aggregating approximately 140 million tonnes of LNG to be delivered between 2026 and 2050, inclusive of long-term SPAs with Engie SA, Equinor ASA, Chevron, POSCO International Corporation, PetroChina International Company Limited and PTT Global LNG Company Limited, approximately 50 million tonnes of which is subject to Cheniere making a final investment decision to construct additional liquefaction capacity at the Corpus Christi LNG terminal beyond the seven-train Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project or us unilaterally waiving that requirement. |
• | In May 2022, we entered into an integrated production marketing (“IPM”) agreement with ARC Resources U.S. Corp, a subsidiary of ARC Resources, Ltd., to purchase 140,000 MMBtu per day of natural gas at a price based on Platts Japan Korea Marker (“JKM”), for a term of approximately 15 years commencing with commercial operations of Train 7 of the Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project. |
• | In February 2022, we amended the IPM agreement previously entered into with EOG Resources, Inc., extending the term to 2040 and tripling the volume of LNG associated with the natural gas supply to 2.55 mtpa. |
Operational
• | As of February 17, 2023, approximately 2,650 cumulative LNG cargoes totaling over 180 million tonnes of LNG have been produced, loaded and exported from the CCL Project and the natural gas liquefaction and export facilities at the Sabine Pass LNG terminal in Louisiana (the “SPL Project”). |
• | On October 27, 2022, substantial completion of the third berth at the Sabine Pass terminal was achieved. |
• | On February 4, 2022, substantial completion of Train 6 of the SPL Project was achieved approximately a year ahead of schedule. |
• | For full year 2022, approximately 7.9 million hours of labor were completed with a Total Recordable Incident Rate (employees and contractors combined) of 0.05, a record for the Company and well within the top quartile of our industry. |
Financial
• | For full year 2022, we generated: |
• | Revenue of approximately $33.4 billion and Net Income of approximately $1.4 billion. |
• | Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA of approximately $11.6 billion, an increase of approximately 138% over full year 2021 and exceeding the high end of the latest guidance range. |
• | Distributable Cash Flow of approximately $8.7 billion, an increase of approximately 332% over full year 2021 and exceeding the high end of the latest guidance range. |
• | In September 2022, our Board approved a revised comprehensive, long-term capital allocation plan which included: |
• | increasing the share repurchase authorization by $4.0 billion for an additional 3 years, beginning on October 1, 2022; |
• | lowering our consolidated long-term leverage target to approximately 4.0x; |
• | increasing our dividend by 20% commencing with a declared dividend of $0.395 per common share in September 2022 (paid in November 2022), and targeting an approximate 10% annual dividend growth rate through the completion of Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project construction; and |
• | continuing to invest in accretive organic growth. |
• | We accomplished the following pursuant to our capital allocation priorities: |
• | During 2022, we prepaid over $5.4 billion of consolidated long-term indebtedness |
• | During 2022, we repurchased over 9.3 million shares of our common stock for approximately $1.4 billion. |
• | In the aggregate, we paid dividends of $1.385 per share of common stock during the year ended December 31, 2022. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
3 |
PROXY SUMMARY
• | Throughout 2022, the Cheniere complex received 11 distinct upgrades to the credit ratings of its entities by the ratings agencies, including the first investment grade ratings for Cheniere and our consolidated subsidiary, Cheniere Energy Partners, L.P. (“Cheniere Partners”). The achievement of investment grade ratings is a priority of our “20/20 Vision” capital allocation plan announced in September. |
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
Climate Strategy
We believe it is critical to develop future climate goals and strategies based on an accurate and holistic assessment of the emissions profile of our LNG business, accounting for all steps in the supply chain. Our climate strategy focuses on science and transparent collaboration along our supply chain to measure our greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions and to identify strategic and cost-effective opportunities to mitigate those GHG emissions. Measuring and mitigating our emissions can improve the climate benefits of Cheniere’s LNG and continue to demonstrate its long-term role as a reliable and flexible form of energy that supports a lower-carbon future. Accordingly, we have launched evidence-based measurement, collaboration and mitigation efforts with our suppliers and customers on emissions—both upstream and downstream of our facilities—with the shared goal of improving environmental performance by focusing on emissions measurement and mitigation, as well as management of climate risk.
2022 Environmental, Social and Governance Highlights
Our 2022 environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) highlights include:
• | Just Capital recognized Cheniere as a JUST 100 leader in 2023, designated as #1 in the Energy Equipment & Services category and #93 overall out of 951 of the world’s largest publicly traded companies. We are also a 2022 Platts Global Energy Award Winner — Energy Transition Award — LNG for our CE Tags initiative. |
• | In October 2022, we announced that we joined the Oil and Gas Methane Partnership (“OGMP”) 2.0, the United Nations Environment Programme’s flagship oil and gas methane emissions reporting and mitigation initiative. OGMP 2.0 is a comprehensive, measurement-based reporting framework intended to improve the accuracy and transparency of methane emissions reporting in the oil and gas sector. |
• | In October 2022, the Board appointed a new member, Brian E. Edwards, following the departure of David B. Kilpatrick, who had served as a member of the Board since 2003, and in 2023 nominated Denise Gray to fill the Board seat being vacated by Vicky Bailey, who has served as a member of the Board since 2006, further demonstrating the Board’s commitment to continued refreshment of its members. |
• | In June 2022, we commenced providing Cargo Emissions Tags (“CE Tags”) to our long-term customers. CE Tags provide customers with estimated greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions data associated with each LNG cargo produced at our liquefaction facilities and are provided for both free-on-board (“FOB”) and delivered ex-ship (“DES”) LNG cargoes. |
• | In April 2022, we announced our collaboration with multiple natural gas midstream companies, methane detection technology providers and leading academic institutions to implement quantification, monitoring, reporting and verification (“QMRV”) of GHG emissions at natural gas gathering, processing, transmission, and storage systems specific to Cheniere’s supply chain, in order to improve the overall understanding of GHG emissions and further the deployment of advanced monitoring technologies and protocols. |
• | In 2022, we partnered with Texas Southern University to engage directly with students attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities in our communities as part of our $1 million commitment to promoting diversity, equity and inclusion (“DEI”) in the areas where we work and live. This partnership builds upon the Cheniere Thurgood Marshall College Fund scholarship program that we introduced in 2021. |
• | During 2022, the Cheniere team supported our communities with over 15,000 hours of volunteering, $5.6 million of direct giving and over $200,000 of matching and in-kind gifts. |
Recognition
In 2022, Cheniere received the following scores and recognition:
• | MSCI: AA (on a scale of AAA-CCC) in the MSCI ESG Ratings assessment |
• | Sustainalytics: ESG Risk Rating of 22.8, considered a medium-risk assessment |
• | Just Capital: recognized Cheniere as a JUST 100 leader in 2023, designated as #1 in the Energy Equipment & Services category and #93 overall out of 951 of the world’s largest publicly traded companies |
4 | CHENIERE |
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
• | 2022 Platts Global Energy Award Winner — Energy Transition Award — LNG for our CE Tags initiative |
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
We are committed to the values of effective corporate governance and high ethical standards. Our Board believes that these values are conducive to strong performance and creating long-term shareholder value. Our governance framework gives our highly experienced directors the structure necessary to provide oversight, advice and counsel to Cheniere.
Since our 2019 Annual Meeting, we have taken the following governance actions:
• | engaged with shareholders holding in excess of 50% of our common stock each year regarding governance matters; |
• | added details regarding the experience of our directors and the diversity of our Board to our proxy statements, including an individualized skills matrix; |
• | increased ownership levels in our director and executive officer ownership guidelines; |
• | expanded the oversight responsibilities of the Governance and Nominating Committee to include oversight of ESG issues and our strategies, activities and initiatives related to DEI; |
• | issued corporate responsibility reports on an annual basis for the last three years, with our third report in 2022 titled Acting Today, Securing Tomorrow; |
• | added a 15-year term limit to our director retirement policy, with meaningful Board refreshment as 5 of our 9 director nominees will have joined the Board since 2021; and |
• | increased our proxy statement disclosure surrounding our climate strategy, human capital management and human rights and labor standards. |
The “Governance Information” section of this Proxy Statement, beginning on page 20, describes our corporate governance structure and policies, which include the following:
Board Independence | • 7 out of 9 of our current directors and director nominees are independent. • Independent directors meet regularly without management present. • Our President and CEO is the only management director.
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Board Composition | • Our director nominees have an average age of 59.9 and average tenure of 4.7 years (as of May 11, 2023). • The Board values diversity, experience and relevant skillsets in assessing its composition.
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Board Performance | • The Board regularly assesses its performance through Board and committee self-evaluations.
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Board Committees | • We have three standing Board committees—Audit, Governance and Nominating and Compensation. • All of our Board committees are comprised of and chaired solely by independent directors.
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Leadership Structure | • Our Chairman of the Board and CEO roles were split in December 2015. • Our independent Non-Executive Chairman of the Board provides leadership to the Board and ensures that the Board operates independently of management.
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Risk Oversight | • The Board has oversight responsibility for assessing the primary risks (including liquidity, credit, operations, ESG and regulatory compliance) facing the Company, the relative magnitude of these risks and management’s plan for mitigating these risks. In addition to the Board’s oversight responsibility, the committees of the Board review the risks that are within their areas of responsibility.
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Open Communication | • We encourage open communication and strong working relationships among our directors. • Our directors have access to management and employees.
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Director and Executive Stock Ownership |
• We have had rigorous stock ownership guidelines for our directors and executive officers since 2008, including amendments to our guidelines for our directors in February 2017, and for our executive officers in February 2021, to make them more rigorous.
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2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
5 |
PROXY SUMMARY
Director Compensation Limit |
• We have capped the annual ordinary course equity award that may be granted to a non-employee director at $495,000 per calendar year. Please see “Director Compensation” on page 32 of this Proxy Statement.
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Accountability to Shareholders |
• Directors are elected annually by a majority of the votes cast with respect to such director. If a director does not receive the necessary vote at the annual meeting, he/she is required to tender their resignation for consideration by the Board. • The Board maintains a process for shareholders to communicate with the Board. • We conduct an annual advisory say-on-pay vote. • A shareholder, or a group of up to 20 shareholders, continuously owning at least 3% of our common stock for at least the prior 3 consecutive years (and meeting certain other requirements) has the ability to nominate up to 20% of the number of directors serving on our Board via our proxy statement (proxy access). • Special meetings may be called upon the written request of at least 50.1% of the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company, as set forth in our Bylaws.
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Succession Planning | • The Governance and Nominating Committee has oversight of succession planning, both planned and emergency, for the Chief Executive Officer.
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Governance Policies | • Non-employee directors are required to retire upon the earlier of reaching 75 years of age or, beginning at this year’s Meeting, 15 years of service, in order to encourage board refreshment. Upon the recommendation of the Governance and Nominating Committee, the Board may waive these requirements as to any non-employee director if it deems such waiver to be in the best interests of the Company. • We maintain codes of conduct for directors, officers and employees. • We do not allow pledging of Company stock as collateral for a loan or holding Company stock in margin accounts. • We do not allow hedging or short sales of Company stock. • We do not have a shareholder rights plan, or “poison pill.”
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6 | CHENIERE |
OUR DIRECTOR NOMINEES
OUR DIRECTOR NOMINEES
You are being asked to vote on the election of the 9 director nominees listed below. Each director is elected annually by a majority of the votes cast. Detailed information about each nominee, including background, skills and expertise, can be found in “Proposal 1 – Election of Directors” beginning on page 10.
COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS | ||||||||||||
NAME PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION
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AGE (AS OF MAY 11,
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DIRECTOR SINCE
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INDEPENDENT
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AC
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G&N
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CC
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G. Andrea Botta Chairman of the Board, Cheniere Energy, Inc.; President, Glenco LLC |
69 | 2010 | Yes | Chair | ||||||||
Jack A. Fusco President and Chief Executive Officer, |
60 | 2016 | No | |||||||||
Patricia K. Collawn Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, |
64 | 2021 | Yes | F | ● | |||||||
Brian E. Edwards Senior Vice President, Caterpillar Inc. |
57 | 2022 | Yes | ● | ● | |||||||
Denise Gray(1) Retiring Director External Affairs and Government Relations, North America, |
60 | Nominated in April of 2023 |
Yes | |||||||||
Lorraine Mitchelmore Director, Suncor Energy Inc. and Bank of Montreal, Former President and Chief Executive Officer, Enlighten Innovations Inc. |
60 | 2021 | Yes | ● | ● | |||||||
Donald F. Robillard, Jr. President of Robillard Consulting, LLC, Former Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Risk Officer of Hunt Consolidated, Inc. and Former Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, ES Xplore, LLC |
71 | 2014 | Yes | Chair; F |
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Matthew Runkle Senior Managing Director – Infrastructure, Blackstone Inc. |
45 | 2023 | No | |||||||||
Neal A. Shear Senior Advisor and Chair of the Advisory Committee of Onyxpoint Global Management LP |
68 | 2014 | Yes | ● | Chair |
(1) | If elected by the Company’s shareholders, Ms. Gray is expected to be appointed to the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. |
AC: Audit Committee |
F: Audit Committee Financial Expert | |
G&N: Governance and Nominating Committee |
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CC: Compensation Committee |
All director nominees are independent, except Jack A. Fusco and Matthew Runkle. Each director nominee attended or participated in at least 75% of the aggregate number of all meetings of the Board and of each committee on which he or she sits for which the director was eligible to attend in 2022, with the exception of Denise Gray and Matthew Runkle who were not then members of the Board.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
7 |
PROXY SUMMARY
Summary of Director Core Competencies
Our Board believes that having a diverse mix of directors with complementary qualifications, expertise and attributes is essential to meeting its oversight responsibility.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION HIGHLIGHTS
Compensation Governance Practices
• | Clear, direct link between pay and performance |
• | Majority of incentive awards earned based on performance |
• | No hedging or “short sales” of Company stock |
• | No pledging of Company stock as collateral for a loan or holding Company stock in margin accounts |
• | Robust stock ownership guidelines |
• | No defined benefit retirement plan or supplemental executive retirement plan |
• | Strong compensation risk management program |
• | Non-employee director equity compensation limits |
• | Minimum vesting schedule for long-term incentive awards of at least 12 months, subject to limited exceptions |
• | No material perquisites |
• | Solicit annual advisory vote on executive compensation |
• | Annually review the independence of the compensation consultant retained by the Compensation Committee |
8 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION HIGHLIGHTS
Philosophy and Objectives
We are committed to a pay-for-performance executive compensation program that aligns the interests of our Named Executive Officers (“NEOs”) with the key drivers of long-term growth and creation of shareholder value. Changes to the executive compensation program are influenced by market practices, feedback from shareholders, and to support the program’s primary objectives.
The Board and the Compensation Committee believe the design of our executive compensation program, and the Compensation Committee’s decisions and outcomes in 2022, support our compensation philosophy and objectives, including:
• | Annual and long-term incentive awards are primarily performance-based |
• | Annual incentive awards earned are based on achievement of specific financial, operating, ESG and strategic goals |
• | Performance-based long-term incentive awards are tied to specific and formulaic financial performance and stock price growth objectives |
2022 Compensation Highlights
During 2022, the Compensation Committee and Board continued to monitor market conditions and address feedback from stakeholders and our compensation consultant. Key outcomes and developments included:
• | The annual incentive plan generated an above-target payout for our NEOs based upon the Company’s 2022 performance across multiple financial, operating, safety and strategic metrics. |
• | Performance share units awarded in 2020 generated an above-target payout for our NEOs based upon the Company’s performance across the performance metrics of cumulative Distributable Cash Flow per share and Absolute Total Shareholder Return over the 2020-2022 period. |
• | In 2022, our annual performance scorecard included ESG metrics, inclusive of safety, that represented 30% of the annual performance scorecard. |
During 2022, members of our Board and senior management engaged with shareholders holding more than 50% of our outstanding common stock and with proxy advisory firms, with dialogue on the Company’s executive compensation program being an important part of these engagements. We are committed to maintaining an open dialogue with our shareholders to ensure the successful evolution of our executive compensation program going forward.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
9 |
PROPOSAL 1 – ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
DIRECTORS AND NOMINEES
Pursuant to our Bylaws, the Board has reduced the size of the Board from eleven to nine. As a result, this year there are 9 nominees standing for election as directors at the Meeting. Except for Ms. Gray, each of the director nominees currently serves on the Board. In keeping with Cheniere’s director retirement policy, our current director Ms. Bailey will not stand for re-election. Ms. Gray has been nominated to fill this vacancy and was first brought to the attention of our Governance and Nominating Committee by an independent director search firm. If elected by the Company’s shareholders, Ms. Gray is expected to be appointed to the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. In addition, Mr. Edwards and Mr. Runkle are standing for election by our shareholders for the first time at the Meeting. Mr. Edwards was identified as a candidate to join the Board by an independent director search firm, and Mr. Runkle was appointed to the Board pursuant to an Investors’ and Registration Rights Agreement that was entered into by the Company, Cheniere Energy Partners GP, LLC, CQP Holdco LP (f/k/a Blackstone CQP Holdco LP) (“CQP Holdco”) and various other related parties in connection with CQP Holdco’s purchase of Class B units in Cheniere Partners.
Below is a summary of our director nominees, including their committee memberships as of April 10, 2023. The Board, with assistance from the Governance and Nominating Committee, will evaluate and reassign committee memberships as needed following the Meeting and election of the director nominees. Detailed information about each nominee’s background, skills and expertise is provided below.
NOMINEE COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS | ||||||||||||
NAME CURRENT POSITION |
AGE (AS OF MAY 11, 2023) |
DIRECTOR SINCE |
INDEPENDENT | AUDIT | GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING |
COMPENSATION | ||||||
G. Andrea Botta Chairman of the Board, Cheniere Energy, Inc. President, Glenco LLC |
69 | 2010 | YES |
|
Chair |
| ||||||
Jack A. Fusco President and Chief Executive Officer, Cheniere Energy, Inc. |
60 | 2016 | NO |
|
|
| ||||||
Patricia K. Collawn Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, PNM Resources, Inc. |
64 | 2021 | YES | F |
|
● | ||||||
Brian E. Edwards Senior Vice President, Caterpillar Inc. |
57 | 2022 | YES | ● |
|
● | ||||||
Denise Gray(1) Retiring Director External Affairs and Government Relations, North America, |
60 | Nominated in April of 2023 |
YES |
|
|
| ||||||
Lorraine Mitchelmore Director, Suncor Energy Inc. and Bank of Montreal |
60 | 2021 | YES | ● | ● |
| ||||||
Donald F. Robillard, Jr. President, Robillard Consulting, LLC |
71 | 2014 | YES | Chair; F |
● |
| ||||||
Matthew Runkle Senior Managing Director, Blackstone Inc. |
45 | 2023 | NO |
|
|
| ||||||
Neal A. Shear Senior Advisor and Chair of the Advisory Committee, Onyxpoint Global Management LP |
68 | 2014 | YES |
|
● | Chair |
F = Audit Committee Financial Expert
(1) | If elected by the Company’s shareholders, Ms. Gray is expected to be appointed to the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee. |
10 | CHENIERE |
DIRECTORS AND NOMINEES
The Board has determined that Ms. Collawn and Mr. Robillard are each an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).
Director Diversity and Core Competencies
Our director nominees represent a diverse mix of directors who complement each other to create a well-rounded boardroom, and each adds:
• | A deep commitment to stewardship |
• | A proven record of success |
• | Unique and valuable insight |
Our director nominees also reflect a range of diversity characteristics, as show below.
The table below summarizes certain of the key qualifications, skills and attributes of our director nominees, with a mark indicating a specific area of focus or expertise. Not having a mark does not mean the director does not possess that qualification or skill. Our director nominees’ biographies describe each director’s background and relevant experience in more detail.
DIRECTOR SKILLS, EXPERIENCE AND DEMOGRAPHIC MATRIX |
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Key Skills and Experience |
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Operations |
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Corporate Finance |
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International Experience |
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Energy Industry Experience |
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Risk / Crisis Management |
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Trading Financial Commodities |
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Government / Regulatory |
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Governance |
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Public Company Director |
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Age (as of May 11, 2023) |
69 | 60 | 64 | 57 | 60 | 60 | 71 | 45 | 68 | |||||||||
Gender Identity |
M | M | F | M | F | F | M | M | M | |||||||||
Racial / Ethnic Diversity |
● | ● |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
11 |
PROPOSAL 1 – ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
There are 9 nominees standing for election as directors at the Meeting. Each nominee, if elected, will hold office for a one-year term expiring at the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and will serve until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. Each of the director nominees has consented to serve as a director if elected or re-elected.
Except for Ms. Gray, each of the director nominees currently serves on the Board. Directors are elected by a majority of votes cast with respect to such director nominee. Unless your proxy specifies otherwise, it is intended that the shares represented by your proxy will be voted for the election of these 9 nominees. If you are a beneficial owner, your bank, broker or other holder of record is not permitted to vote your shares on Proposal 1 to elect directors if the bank, broker or other holder of record does not receive specific voting instructions from you. The Board is unaware of any circumstances likely to render any nominee unavailable.
|
The Board unanimously recommends a vote FOR the election of the 9 nominees as directors of the Company to hold office for a one-year term expiring at the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders or until their successors are duly elected and qualified. |
DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS
Director Nomination Policy and Procedures. Our Director Nomination Policy and Procedures is attached to the Governance and Nominating Committee’s written charter as Exhibit A, which is available on our website at www.cheniere.com. The Governance and Nominating Committee may consider suggestions for potential director nominees to the Board from any source, including current members of the Board and our management, advisors and shareholders. The Governance and Nominating Committee evaluates potential nominees by reviewing their qualifications and any other information deemed relevant. Director nominees are recommended to the Board by the Governance and Nominating Committee.
The full Board will select and recommend candidates for nomination as directors for shareholders to consider and vote upon at the annual shareholders’ meeting. The Governance and Nominating Committee reviews and considers any candidates submitted by a shareholder or shareholder group in the same manner as all other candidates.
Qualifications for consideration as a director nominee vary according to the particular areas of expertise being sought as a complement to the existing Board composition. However, minimum criteria for selection of members to serve on our Board include the following:
• | highest professional and personal ethical standards and integrity; |
• | high level of education and/or business experience; |
• | broad-based business acumen; |
• | commitment to understand the Company’s business and industry; |
• | sufficient time to effectively carry out their duties; |
• | strategic thinking and willingness to share ideas; |
• | loyalty and commitment to driving the success of the Company; |
• | network of business and industry contacts; and |
• | diversity of experiences, expertise, backgrounds and other demographics among members of the Board. |
Director Search. In 2022, we engaged an independent director search firm to help identify prospective director candidates, with the goal of adding two directors to our Board. Mr. Edwards and Ms. Gray were each recommended by the independent director search firm. In addition to the minimum criteria described above, the Governance and Nominating Committee evaluated the skill sets needed to maximize Board effectiveness and support the strategic direction of the Company. We looked at a diverse pool of candidates, considering each candidate’s business or professional experience, demonstrated leadership ability, integrity and judgment, record of public service, diversity, financial and technological acumen and international and ESG experience. We view and define diversity in a broad sense, which includes gender, ethnicity, age, education, experience and leadership qualities.
12 | CHENIERE |
DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS AND QUALIFICATIONS
Practices for Considering Diversity. The minimum criteria for selection of members to serve on our Board are designed to ensure that the Governance and Nominating Committee selects director nominees taking into consideration that the Board will benefit from having directors that represent a diversity of experience and backgrounds. Director nominees are selected so that the Board represents a diversity of experience in areas needed to foster the Company’s business success, including experience in the energy industry, finance, consulting, international affairs, public service, governance, regulatory compliance and ESG. Each year the Board and each committee participates in a self-assessment or evaluation of the effectiveness of the Board and its committees. These evaluations assess the diversity of talents, expertise and occupational and personal backgrounds and attributes (such as gender, ethnicity and age) of the Board members.
Shareholder Nominations for Director (other than Proxy Access). A shareholder of the Company may nominate a candidate or candidates for election to the Board at an annual meeting of shareholders if such shareholder (1) was a shareholder of record at the time the notice provided for below is delivered to the Corporate Secretary, (2) is entitled to vote at the meeting of shareholders called for the election of directors and is entitled to vote upon such election and (3) complies with the notice procedures set forth in our Bylaws, as amended (the “Bylaws”). Nominations made by a shareholder must be made by giving timely notice in writing to the Corporate Secretary of the Company at the following address: Corporate Secretary, Cheniere Energy, Inc., 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002. To be timely, a shareholder’s notice must be delivered not later than the close of business on the 90th day, nor earlier than the close of business on the 120th day, prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting. A shareholder’s notice must include information about the shareholder and the nominee, as required by our Bylaws, which are available on our website at www.cheniere.com. The Governance and Nominating Committee will review and consider any candidates submitted by a shareholder or shareholder group in the same manner as all other candidates.
Director Nominations for Inclusion in Proxy Statement (Proxy Access). A shareholder, or group of up to 20 shareholders, continuously owning at least 3% of the Company’s common stock for at least the prior three consecutive years (and meeting the other requirements set forth in our Bylaws) may nominate for election to our Board and inclusion in our proxy statement for our annual meeting of shareholders up to 20% of the number of directors then serving on our Board.
The notice must include all information required by our Bylaws, which are available on our website at www.cheniere.com. In addition to complying with the other requirements set forth in our Bylaws, an eligible shareholder must provide timely notice in writing to the Corporate Secretary of the Company at the following address: Corporate Secretary, Cheniere Energy, Inc., 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002. To be timely for purposes of proxy access, a shareholder’s notice must be delivered not later than the close of business on the 120th day, nor earlier than the 150th day, prior to the first anniversary of the date that the Company first mailed its proxy statement to shareholders for the prior year’s annual meeting of shareholders. However, if (and only if) the annual meeting is not scheduled to be held within a period that commences 30 days before such anniversary date and ends 30 days after such anniversary date (an annual meeting date outside such period being referred to herein as an “Other Meeting Date”), notice must be given in the manner provided in our Bylaws by the later of the close of business on the date that is 180 days prior to such Other Meeting Date and the 10th day following the date on which public announcement of such Other Meeting Date is first made.
Director Qualifications. The Board has concluded that, in light of our business and structure, each of our director nominees possesses relevant experience, qualifications, attributes and skills and, as of the date of this Proxy Statement, is qualified to and should serve on our Board. The primary qualifications of our directors are further discussed under “Director Biographies” below.
Director Retirement Policy. The Board maintains a mandatory director retirement policy that requires each director who has attained the age of 75 to retire from the Board at the annual meeting of shareholders of the Company held in the year in which his or her current term expires, unless the Board determines such mandate for a particular director is not at the time in the best interests of the Company. Additionally, in order to encourage Board refreshment, the Board revised the director retirement policy in 2020 to provide that directors who have reached 15 years of service on the Board will also not be eligible for re-nomination to the Board at the annual meeting of shareholders of the Company in the year at which such director’s current term expires, subject to Board discretion and providing a transition period for current directors who already meet the 15 years of service to remain on the Board until this year’s Meeting. The Board believes this policy helps to ensure a healthy rotation of directors, which promotes the continued influx of new ideas and perspectives to the Board. As a result of our focus on Board refreshment and pursuant to our director retirement policy, in 2022 one of our long-serving directors, Mr. David B. Kilpatrick, retired, and Mr. Edwards joined the Board. In addition, Ms. Vicky Bailey is not standing for re-election at the Meeting, and Ms. Gray has been nominated to join the Board.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
13 |
PROPOSAL 1 – ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
DIRECTOR BIOGRAPHIES
JACK A. FUSCO
PRESIDENT & CEO |
AGE: 60
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2016
|
Jack A. Fusco is a director and the President and Chief Executive Officer of Cheniere. Mr. Fusco has served as President and Chief Executive Officer since May 2016 and as a director since June 2016. In addition, Mr. Fusco serves as Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Cheniere Energy Partners GP, LLC (“Cheniere Partners GP”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cheniere and the general partner of Cheniere Energy Partners, L.P. (“Cheniere Partners”) a publicly-traded limited partnership that is operating the Sabine Pass LNG terminal. Mr. Fusco served as Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Cheniere Energy Partners LP Holdings, LLC (“Cheniere Holdings”) from June 2016 to September 2018. Mr. Fusco is also President and Chief Executive Officer of the general partner of Sabine Pass LNG, L.P. and Chief Executive Officer of Sabine Pass Liquefaction, LLC. Mr. Fusco received recognition as Best CEO in the electric industry by Institutional Investor in 2012 as ranked by all industry analysts and for Best Investor Relations by a CEO or Chairman among all mid-cap companies by IR Magazine in 2013. Institutional Investor again recognized Mr. Fusco for the 2020 and 2023 All-American Executive Team Best CEO in the natural gas industry.
Mr. Fusco served as Chief Executive Officer of Calpine Corporation (“Calpine”) from August 2008 to May 2014 and as Executive Chairman of Calpine from May 2014 through May 11, 2016. Mr. Fusco served as a member of the board of directors of Calpine from August 2008 until March 2018, when the sale of Calpine to an affiliate of Energy Capital Partners and a consortium of other investors was completed. Mr. Fusco was recruited by Calpine’s key shareholders in 2008, just as that company was emerging from bankruptcy. Calpine grew to become America’s largest generator of electricity from natural
gas, safely and reliably meeting the needs of an economy that demands cleaner, more fuel-efficient and dependable sources of electricity. As Chief Executive Officer of Calpine, Mr. Fusco managed a team of approximately 2,300 employees and led one of the largest purchasers of natural gas in America, a successful developer of new gas-fired power generation facilities and a company that prudently managed the inherent commodity trading and balance sheet risks associated with being a merchant power producer.
Mr. Fusco’s career of over 35 years in the energy industry began with his employment at Pacific Gas & Electric Company upon graduation from California State University, Sacramento with a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering in 1984. He joined Goldman Sachs 13 years later as a Vice President with responsibility for commodity trading and marketing of wholesale electricity, a role that led to the creation of Orion Power Holdings, an independent power producer that Mr. Fusco helped found with backing from Goldman Sachs, where he served as President and Chief Executive Officer from 1998-2002. In 2004, he was asked to serve as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Texas Genco LLC by a group of private institutional investors, and successfully managed the transition of that business from a subsidiary of a regulated utility to a strong and profitable independent company, generating a more than 5-fold return for shareholders upon its merger with NRG in 2006.
Skills and Qualifications:
Mr. Fusco brings his prior experience leading successful energy industry companies and his perspective as President and Chief Executive Officer of Cheniere.
14 | CHENIERE |
DIRECTOR BIOGRAPHIES
G. ANDREA BOTTA
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD AND CHAIRMAN OF |
AGE: 69
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2010
|
G. Andrea Botta is the Chairman of the Board and Chairman of our Governance and Nominating Committee. Mr. Botta has served as President of Glenco LLC (“Glenco”), a private investment company since February 2006. Prior to joining Glenco, Mr. Botta served as Managing Director of Morgan Stanley from 1999 to February 2006. Before joining Morgan Stanley, he was President of EXOR America, Inc. (formerly IFINT-USA, Inc.) from 1993 until September 1999 and for more than five years prior thereto, Vice President of Acquisitions of IFINT-USA, Inc. From March 2008 until February 2018, Mr. Botta
served on the board of directors of Graphic Packaging Holding Company. Mr. Botta earned a degree in Economics and Business Administration from the University of Torino in 1976.
Skills and Qualifications:
Mr. Botta brings a unique international perspective to our Board and significant investing expertise. He has over 30 years of investing experience primarily in private equity investing.
PATRICIA K. COLLAWN
MEMBER OF AUDIT COMMITTEE AND |
AGE: 64
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2021
|
Ms. Collawn is a member of our Audit Committee and Compensation Committee. Ms. Collawn is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of PNM Resources, Inc., a publicly-traded energy holding company based in New Mexico, becoming Chairman in 2012 and CEO in 2010. From 2010 to May 2022, Ms. Collawn also served as President of PNM Resources. Ms. Collawn joined PNM Resources in 2007 as President, Utilities, prior to her promotion to President and Chief Operating Officer in 2008. From 2005 to 2007, Ms. Collawn served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Public Service Company of Colorado, an operating utility that is a subsidiary of Xcel Energy, Inc. Ms. Collawn previously served on the board of directors of Equitrans Midstream Corporation, a publicly traded natural gas midstream company, from April 2020 to April 2023, EVgo Services, LLC, a publicly traded builder, owner and operator of DC fast charging for electric vehicles in the U.S, from July 2021 to March 2022, and CTS Corporation, a publicly traded designer and manufacturer of sensors, actuators and electronic components for various industries, from 2003 to May 2021. Ms. Collawn also previously
served as Chairman of the Electric Power Research Institute, an independent, non-profit center for public interest energy and environmental research, including sustainability and carbon reduction matters, and Chairman of the Edison Electric Institute, a national association of investor-owned electric companies. Ms. Collawn received a B.A. from Drake University and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.
Skills and Qualifications:
As a senior executive in the power utilities sector for more than 25 years, Ms. Collawn has an in-depth understanding of the complex regulatory structure of the utility industry, as well as substantial operations experience. Along with her executive leadership experience and commercial and operational expertise, Ms. Collawn brings a focus on corporate governance, cybersecurity and environmental and sustainability matters to our Board.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
15 |
PROPOSAL 1 – ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
BRIAN E. EDWARDS
MEMBER OF AUDIT COMMITTEE AND COMPENSATION COMMITTEE |
AGE: 57
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2022
|
Mr. Edwards is a member of our Audit Committee and Compensation Committee. Mr. Edwards has served as a Senior Vice President of Caterpillar Inc., a construction equipment manufacturer, since January 2021, with responsibility for the Caterpillar Remanufacturing Division, which offers high-quality, lower-cost replacement parts remanufactured from genuine Caterpillar components. Mr. Edwards joined Caterpillar in 2010 as Vice President of Sales and Marketing at the company’s wholly owned subsidiary, Progress Rail. He continued rising in the leadership ranks at Progress Rail, serving in many roles, including Executive Vice President of rolling stock. Prior to joining Caterpillar, Mr. Edwards spent more than 20 years gaining expertise in manufacturing, engineering and supply chain roles at GE and General Motors. Mr. Edwards holds a bachelor’s degree in Chemical
Engineering from Youngstown State University and a master’s degree in Manufacturing Management from GMI Engineering & Management Institute (now Kettering University). Mr. Edwards completed the Caterpillar “Digging Deep” executive development program through Stanford University. Mr. Edwards is affiliated with United Way, March of Dimes and Big Brothers Big Sisters of America.
Skills and Qualifications:
Mr. Edwards provides a differentiated and meaningful perspective to the Board through his deep knowledge of industrial manufacturing, engineering and supply chain, as well as his decades of leadership within large organizations.
DENISE GRAY
DIRECTOR NOMINEE |
AGE: 60
DIRECTOR SINCE: Nominated in April of 2023
|
Ms. Gray is nominated as a director of the Company. Ms. Gray has served as Director External Affairs and Government Relations, North America for LG Energy Solution Michigan Inc., the North American subsidiary of LG Energy Solution Ltd, a manufacturer of large lithium-ion battery cells and packs for electric vehicles and other energy storage applications, since March 2022 and is expected to retire by May 2023. Ms. Gray previously served as CEO/President and Board Member of LG Chem Power Inc./LG Chem Michigan Inc./LG Energy Solution Michigan Inc. from September 2015 to March 2022. In that position, her team provided battery solutions for automotive and non-automotive applications. Ms. Gray served on the board of directors for Tenneco from March 2019 to November 2022; has served on the board of directors of Canadian National Railway since April 2021 and the Board on Energy and Environmental Systems since January 2020; and as Member of The National Academy of Engineering since February 2022.
Ms. Gray previously held automotive leadership positions with AVL List GmbH in Graz, Austria from 2013 to 2015 and Atieva, Inc. in Redwood City, California from 2010 to 2013. The vast majority of Ms. Gray’s 35+ year professional career was with General Motors from 1986 to 2010, where she spearheaded efforts in vehicle electrical, powertrain system controls, and software, including battery systems. Ms. Gray holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Kettering University and a M.S. in Engineering Management of Technology from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.
Skills and Qualifications:
Ms. Gray has extensive experience in the automotive industry, including leadership roles of companies at the forefront of battery technology, bringing insights into energy transition issues and engineering expertise to our Board.
16 | CHENIERE |
DIRECTOR BIOGRAPHIES
LORRAINE MITCHELMORE
MEMBER OF AUDIT COMMITTEE AND GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE |
AGE: 60
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2021
|
Ms. Mitchelmore is a member of our Audit Committee and Governance and Nominating Committee. Ms. Mitchelmore was recently the President and Chief Executive Officer of Enlighten Innovations Inc., a Calgary based clean technology company, from May 2017 to September 2018. Prior to that, she was President and Canada Country Chair of Shell Canada Limited and Executive Vice President, Americas Heavy Oil for Royal Dutch Shell. She has more than 30 years of international oil and gas industry experience. Throughout her career, she has served with increasing responsibility in operational, strategy, and commercial roles. Prior to joining Shell in 2002, she worked with BHP Petroleum, Chevron, and Petro-Canada.
Ms. Mitchelmore has served as a director of the Bank of Montreal, a diversified financial services provider, since May 2015; Suncor Energy Inc., a premier integrated energy company, since November 2019; and AIMCO, an Albertan Crown pension investment firm since January 2022. She previously served on the board of directors of TransMountain Corporation from November 2018 to December 2019 and on the Board of Advisors of Catalyst Canada from 2018 to December 2022.
Ms. Mitchelmore is co-founder and co-chair of the Smart Prosperity Initiative, an organization focused on harnessing new thinking to accelerate Canada’s transition to a stronger,
cleaner economy. She was previously an associate of the Creative Destruction Lab, and continues to mentor many early-stage energy transition companies. From 2017 to 2018, she chaired the Resources of the Future Economic Strategy table for the Canadian federal government. She has been named a fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering, awarded the Catalyst Canada Champion Honors Award in 2014, recognizing commitment to Diversity and Inclusion, and was a recipient of Canada’s 2016 Clean16 award for leadership in advancing sustainable development in Canada.
Ms. Mitchelmore holds a BSc in Geophysics from Memorial University of Newfoundland, an MSc in Geophysics from the University of Melbourne, Australia and an MBA from Kingston Business School in London, England.
Skills and Qualifications:
Ms. Mitchelmore has over 30 years of international oil and gas industry experience, as well as significant executive, operational, strategy and commercial experience. Ms. Mitchelmore also brings meaningful experience with energy transition issues and sustainable development to our Board.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
17 |
PROPOSAL 1 – ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
DONALD F. ROBILLARD, JR.
CHAIRMAN OF AUDIT COMMITTEE AND MEMBER OF GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE |
AGE: 71
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2014
|
Donald F. Robillard, Jr. is the Chairman of our Audit Committee and a member of our Governance and Nominating Committee. Mr. Robillard served as a director and the Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Risk Officer of Hunt Consolidated, Inc. (“Hunt”), a private holding company with interests in oil and gas exploration and production, refining, real estate development, private equity investments and ranching, from July 2015 until his retirement on January 31, 2017. Mr. Robillard began his association with Hunt in 1983 as Manager of International Accounting for Hunt Oil Company, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hunt. Serving nine of his 34 years of service to the Hunt organization in Yemen in various accounting, finance and management positions, Mr. Robillard returned to the United States to join Hunt’s executive team in 1992. Mr. Robillard was named Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Hunt in April 2007. Mr. Robillard also served, from February 2016 through August of 2017, as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of ES Xplore, LLC, a direct hydrocarbon indicator technology company which in 2016 was spun out of Hunt. He is currently President of Robillard
Consulting, LLC, an oil and gas advisory firm. Mr. Robillard is currently on the board of directors of Helmerich & Payne, Inc., a publicly-traded oil and gas drilling company. He is a Certified Public Accountant, a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, the Texas Society of Certified Public Accountants, the National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD Directorship Certified), Financial Executives International and an advisory board member of the Institute for Excellence in Corporate Governance at the Naveen Jindal School of Management at the University of Texas at Dallas. Mr. Robillard received a B.B.A. from the University of Texas, Austin.
Skills and Qualifications:
Mr. Robillard has over 40 years of experience in the oil and gas industry and over 25 years of senior management experience. Mr. Robillard brings significant executive-level experience in the oil and gas industry, including experience with project financing for LNG facilities.
MATTHEW RUNKLE
DIRECTOR |
AGE: 45
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2023
|
Mr. Runkle is a director of the Company. Mr. Runkle is a Senior Managing Director and Head of Renewables and Midstream within the Infrastructure Group for Blackstone Inc., an alternative asset management firm. Since joining Blackstone in October 2017, Mr. Runkle has been involved in the execution of Blackstone investments, including Invenergy Renewables, CQP and Tallgrass Energy. Before joining Blackstone, Mr. Runkle spent 15 years at ArcLight Capital Partners, LLC, a private equity firm focused on energy infrastructure investments. While at ArcLight, Mr. Runkle sourced, executed, and actively managed investments in assets and companies across the power and midstream sectors. Prior to that, Mr. Runkle began his career at The NorthBridge Group as an analyst, where he focused on corporate strategy for vertically integrated utilities. Mr. Runkle has served as a director of Tallgrass Energy Partners GP, L.P., a midstream energy infrastructure company, since March 2019, and previously
served as a director of Cheniere Partners GP from July 2021 to April 2023. He also serves as chair of the Brooklyn Community Board of the Jeremiah Program, a non-profit social services organization. Mr. Runkle received a B.S. in Geology and Geophysics from Yale University.
Skills and Qualifications:
Mr. Runkle brings energy infrastructure industry expertise and a unique financial perspective to our Board based on his investment experience with Blackstone Inc. Mr. Runkle’s appointment to the Board of Cheniere was made pursuant to an Investors’ and Registration Rights Agreement that was entered into by the Company, Cheniere Energy Partners GP, LLC, CQP Holdco and various other related parties in connection with CQP Holdco’s purchase of Class B units in Cheniere Partners.
18 | CHENIERE |
DIRECTOR BIOGRAPHIES
NEAL A. SHEAR
CHAIRMAN OF COMPENSATION COMMITTEE AND MEMBER OF GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE |
AGE: 68
DIRECTOR SINCE: 2014
|
|
Neal A. Shear is the Chairman of our Compensation Committee and a member of our Governance and Nominating Committee. Since June 2017, Mr. Shear has served as Senior Advisor and Chair of the Advisory Committee of Onyxpoint Global Management LP, an alternative asset management firm. Mr. Shear served as Interim Special Advisor to the Chief Executive Officer of Cheniere from May 2016 to November 2016 and as Interim Chief Executive Officer and President of Cheniere from December 2015 to May 2016. Mr. Shear was the Chief Executive Officer of Higgs Capital Management, a commodity focused hedge fund from January 2012 until September 2014. Prior to Higgs Capital Management, Mr. Shear served as Global Head of Securities at UBS Investment Bank from January 2010 to March of 2011. Previously, Mr. Shear was a Partner at Apollo Global Management, LLC, where he served as the Head of the Commodities Division. Prior to Apollo Global Management, Mr. Shear spent 26 years at Morgan Stanley serving in various roles including Head of the Commodities Division, Global Head of Fixed Income, Co-Head of Institutional Sales and Trading, and Chair of the Commodities Business. Mr. Shear has served as a director and
limited partner of ESG Energy Holdings LLC, a company formed to buy refining and other assets for the purpose of improving their environmental footprint in the production of energy-related products, since February 2022; as an Advisor to WasteFuel, a waste to fuels company that converts municipal waste into biofuel, since March 2022; as a director of Galileo Technologies S.A., a global provider of modular technologies for compressed natural gas and LNG production and transportation, since February 2017; and as a director of Narl Refining Inc., the refining arm of North Atlantic Holdings St John’s Newfoundland, since November 2014. Mr. Shear received a B.S. from the University of Maryland, Robert H. Smith School of Business Management in 1976 and an M.B.A. from Cornell University, Johnson School of Business in 1978.
Skills and Qualifications:
Mr. Shear brings a unique financial and trading perspective to our Board based on his more than 30 years of experience managing commodity activity and investments.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
19 |
GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
BOARD COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP AND MEETING ATTENDANCE
The following table shows our current directors and director nominees’ fiscal year 2022 membership and chairpersons of our Board committees, Board and committee meetings held and attendance as a percentage of meetings eligible to attend, with the exception of Mr. Runkle and Ms. Gray who were not members of the Board in 2022. The current Chair of the Board and each committee is indicated in the table.
NUMBER OF MEETINGS HELD |
BOTTA | FUSCO | BAILEY | COLLAWN | EDWARDS | MITCHELMORE | ROBILLARD | SHEAR | ||||||||||
Board |
11 | 100% Chair |
100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |||||||||
Audit Committee |
8 | — | — | 100% | 87.5% | 100% | 100% | 100% Chair |
— | |||||||||
Governance and Nominating Committee |
8 | 100% Chair |
— | 100% | — | — | 100% | 100% | 100% | |||||||||
Compensation Committee |
5 | — | — |
|
80% | 100% | — |
|
100% Chair |
DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The Board determines the independence of each director and nominee for election as a director in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and the NYSE American LLC (“NYSE American”) independence standards, which are listed below. The Board also considers relationships that a director may have:
• | as a partner, shareholder or officer of organizations that do business with or provide services to Cheniere; |
• | as an executive officer of charitable organizations to which we have made or make contributions; and |
• | that may interfere with the exercise of a director’s independent judgment. |
The NYSE American independence standards state that the following list of persons will not be considered independent:
• | a director who is, or during the past three years was, employed by the Company or by any parent or subsidiary of the Company other than prior employment as an interim executive officer for less than one year; |
• | a director who accepts, or has an immediate family member who accepts, any compensation from the Company or any parent or subsidiary of the Company in excess of $120,000 during any period of 12 consecutive months within the past three years, other than compensation for Board or committee services, compensation paid to an immediate family member who is a non-executive employee of the Company, compensation received for former service as an interim executive officer provided the interim service did not last longer than one year, benefits under a tax-qualified retirement plan or non-discretionary compensation; |
• | a director who is an immediate family member of an individual who is, or has been in any of the past three years, employed by the Company or any parent or subsidiary of the Company as an executive officer; |
• | a director who is, or has an immediate family member who is a partner in, or a controlling shareholder or an executive officer of, any organization to which the Company made, or from which the Company received, payments (other than those arising solely from investments in the Company’s securities or payments under non-discretionary charitable contribution matching programs) that exceed 5% of the organization’s consolidated gross revenues for that year, or $200,000, whichever is more, in any of the most recent three fiscal years; |
• | a director who is, or has an immediate family member who is, employed as an executive officer of another entity where at any time during the most recent three fiscal years any of the Company’s executive officers serve on the compensation committee of such other entity; or |
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BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE AND ROLE IN RISK OVERSIGHT
• | a director who is, or has an immediate family member who is, a current partner of the Company’s outside auditor, or was a partner or employee of the Company’s outside auditor who worked on the Company’s audit at any time during any of the past three years. |
As of April 2023, the Board determined that director nominees Messrs. Botta, Edwards, Robillard, and Shear and Mses. Collawn, Gray and Mitchelmore are independent, and that none of them has a relationship that may interfere with the exercise of his or her independent judgment. In addition, the Board determined that Messrs. Andrew Langham, David Kilpatrick and Andrew Teno and Ms. Vicky Bailey, who each served as a director for all or a portion of 2022, were independent.
BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE AND ROLE IN RISK OVERSIGHT
Board Leadership Structure. Mr. Botta serves as the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board. Mr. Fusco serves as President and CEO of the Company.
The Company has in place strong governance mechanisms to ensure the continued accountability of the CEO to the Board and to provide strong independent leadership, including the following:
• | the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board provides independent leadership to the Board and ensures that the Board operates independently of management and that directors have an independent leadership contact; |
• | each of the Board’s standing committees, consisting of the Audit, Compensation and Governance and Nominating Committees, are chaired by and comprised solely of non-employee directors who meet the independence requirements under the NYSE American listing standards and the SEC; |
• | the independent directors of the Board, along with the Compensation Committee, evaluate the CEO’s performance and determine his compensation; |
• | the independent directors of the Board meet in executive sessions without management present and have the opportunity to discuss the effectiveness of the Company’s management, including the CEO, the quality of Board meetings and any other issues and concerns; and |
• | the Governance and Nominating Committee has oversight of succession planning, both planned and emergency, and the Board has approved an emergency CEO succession process. |
The Board believes that its leadership structure assists the Board’s role in risk oversight. See the discussion on the “Board’s Role in Risk Oversight” below.
Non-Executive Chairman of the Board. The Non-Executive Chairman of the Board position is held by Mr. Botta, an independent director. The Board has appointed an independent Non-Executive Chairman of the Board to provide independent leadership to the Board. The Non-Executive Chairman of the Board role allows the Board to operate independently of management with the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board providing an independent leadership contact to the other directors. The responsibilities of the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board are set out in a Non-Executive Chairman of the Board Charter. These responsibilities include the following:
• | preside at all meetings of the Board, including executive sessions of the independent directors; |
• | call meetings of the Board and meetings of the independent directors, as may be determined in the discretion of the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board; |
• | work with the CEO and the Corporate Secretary to prepare the schedule of Board meetings to assure that the directors have sufficient time to discuss all agenda items; |
• | prepare the Board agendas in coordination with the CEO and the Corporate Secretary; |
• | advise the CEO of any matters that the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board determines should be included in any Board meeting agenda; |
• | advise the CEO as to the quality, quantity, appropriateness and timeliness of the flow of information from the Company’s management to the Board; |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
21 |
GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
• | recommend to the Board the retention of consultants who report directly to the Board; |
• | act as principal liaison between the directors and the CEO; |
• | at the discretion of the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board, participate in meetings of the committees of the Board; |
• | in the absence of the CEO or as requested by the Board, act as the spokesperson for the Company; and |
• | be available, if requested, for consultation and direct communication with major shareholders of the Company. |
Board’s Role in Risk Oversight. Risks that could affect the Company are an integral part of Board and committee deliberations throughout the year. The Board has oversight responsibility for assessing the primary risks (including liquidity, credit, operations, ESG and regulatory compliance) facing the Company, the relative magnitude of these risks and management’s plan for mitigating these risks. In addition to the Board’s oversight responsibility, the committees of the Board consider the risks within their areas of responsibility. The Board and its committees receive regular reports directly from members of management who are responsible for managing particular risks within the Company. The Audit Committee discusses with management the Company’s major financial and risk exposures and the steps management has taken to mitigate such exposures, including the Company’s risk assessment and risk management policies. The Audit Committee also monitors the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, legal and regulatory compliance and cybersecurity risk management and confers with our independent registered public accounting firm on the results of its processes to assess risk in the context of its audit engagement. The Governance and Nominating Committee reviews with management the current and emerging environmental, sustainability and social responsibility issues impacting the Company. The Compensation Committee oversees the management of risks relating to our compensation plans and arrangements, including assessments of the relationship among the Company’s risk management policies and practices, corporate strategy and compensation policies and practices. For a discussion of the Compensation Committee’s risk oversight, please see “Review of Compensation Risk” on page 30 of this Proxy Statement. The Board and its committees regularly discuss the risks related to the Company’s business strategy at their meetings.
SHAREHOLDER OUTREACH—GOVERNANCE
The Company proactively engages with shareholders on governance topics as a matter of strategic priority, and the continuous evolution of our governance framework is a product of the Board’s responsiveness to shareholder input.
Ahead of our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2022 Annual Meeting”), members of our Board and senior management led engagements with shareholders representing more than 50% of our outstanding common stock, as well as proxy advisory firms, through in-person, video and telephonic meetings, with governance topics being a priority in these engagements.
Following our 2022 Annual Meeting, members of our Board and senior management engaged with shareholders holding more than 50% of our outstanding common stock. We intend to continue our proactive and constructive shareholder engagement efforts going forward and to consider any and all shareholder input with respect to our governance framework. Key outcomes and developments since the 2022 Annual Meeting include:
• | In response to shareholder feedback and as part of our ongoing efforts to enhance our external reporting for shareholders, we have commenced including individualized information regarding the skills of our Board’s members. |
• | As part of our ongoing commitment to the refreshment of our Board, the Board appointed a new member, Brian E. Edwards, following the departure of David B. Kilpatrick, who had served as a member of the Board since 2003, and has nominated Denise Gray to fill the Board seat being vacated by Vicky Bailey, who has served as a member of the Board since 2006. |
The Board believes that its current system of corporate governance oversight enables the directors to prioritize the long-term interests of the Company and our shareholders and be prudent stewards of shareholder capital. In addition, the Board is responsive to evolution in the general corporate governance environment.
Key Themes from Our Shareholder Outreach
Our shareholders have varying methodologies and analytical processes for evaluating governance programs. However, a number of common themes emerged during our engagements with shareholders in 2022, which included:
• | Continued improvement in disclosure regarding the Company’s prioritization and efforts regarding Environmental, Social, and Governance issues. Since our 2022 Annual Meeting, we have announced several significant milestones and achievements |
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CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
related to ESG; specifically with respect to our initiatives on climate, sustainability and social issues within our communities, as well as governance. Shareholders have applauded these efforts, particularly Cheniere’s leadership on data-driven environmental transparency, integrating sustainability throughout the business, and the comprehensive scope and level of disclosure detail of Acting Today, Securing Tomorrow, our third corporate responsibility report. Addressing ESG-related issues and opportunities in a transparent, data-driven manner with our shareholders is a key focus of the Company’s executive management, with oversight from the Governance and Nominating Committee of the Board, and we have made significant progress with respect to addressing these issues and opportunities. In addition to our standalone corporate responsibility report, we have enhanced disclosure regarding ESG and the Company’s progress across key related areas below in “Corporate Responsibility.” We will continue to work to address these important issues and evolve our related disclosure in the future. |
• | Continued monitoring and implementation of best governance practices. Our shareholders have expressed a desire that our Board continue to actively monitor changes in the general corporate governance environment and consider any appropriate changes to our governance practices. Our Board recognizes the importance of evolving governance best practices, is responsive to changes in the general corporate governance environment and strives to implement best governance practices in a timely manner. |
Please see page 45 of this Proxy Statement for a discussion regarding actions taken by our Board with respect to compensation matters as a result of shareholder outreach.
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
Cheniere’s vision is to provide clean, secure, and affordable energy to the world. This vision underpins our commitment to respond to the world’s shared energy challenges—expanding the global supply of clean and affordable energy, improving air quality, reducing emissions, and supporting the transition to a lower-carbon future. Cheniere’s approach to corporate responsibility is guided by our Climate & Sustainability Principles: Transparency, Science, Supply Chain, and Operational Excellence.
In 2022, we published Acting Today, Securing Tomorrow, our third Corporate Responsibility (“CR”) report, which outlines Cheniere’s commitment to sustainability and our performance on key environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) metrics. The report sets forth our progress towards aligning with multiple relevant reporting frameworks, including the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (“TCFD”), Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (“SASB”), the Global Reporting Initiative (“GRI”), as well as IPIECA, an ESG-focused oil and gas industry association.
We are focused on improving our ESG performance, as we believe this will preserve and enhance our shareholder returns, and the benefits of improved performance are enjoyed by all of Cheniere’s stakeholders. Our progress in this regard is reflected by the scores applied to Cheniere by widely referenced ESG rating entities. In 2022, Cheniere received the following scores and recognition:
• | MSCI: AA (on a scale of AAA-CCC) in the MSCI ESG Ratings assessment |
• | Sustainalytics: ESG Risk Rating of 22.8, considered a medium-risk assessment |
• | Just Capital: recognized Cheniere as a JUST 100 leader in 2023, designated as #1 in the Energy Equipment & Services category and #93 overall out of 951 of the world’s largest publicly traded companies |
• | 2022 Platts Global Energy Award Winner—Energy Transition Award—LNG for our CE Tags initiative |
ESG Governance
The Governance and Nominating Committee of the Board of Directors is responsible for reviewing our climate and sustainability policies, strategies, and actions. Executive-level managers oversee our major ESG focus areas, including climate, environment, human capital, safety, community and governance. Executive management provides regular updates on these topics to the Board.
In 2022, the Board received quarterly updates from management on climate and sustainability, including a session focused on climate risks, opportunities, and strategies. Further demonstrating our commitment to integrating ESG into our overall corporate strategy, our 2022 annual performance scorecard included an ESG metric of 30% of the total 2022 scorecard value for all Cheniere employees.
Climate Strategy
As the leading U.S. LNG exporter, we supply customers with affordable, reliable and cleaner-burning natural gas that supports the global energy transition. At Cheniere, our climate strategy is to measure and mitigate emissions—to ensure Cheniere’s LNG supplies
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
23 |
GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
remain economically and climate-competitive in a lower carbon future, providing energy, economic and environmental security to our customers across the world. This strategy is reflected in a cadence of actions that focus on evidence-based science, operations excellence and transparent collaboration along our supply chain to better understand the emissions profile of the LNG we deliver to our customers, and to identify strategic and cost-effective opportunities to improve greenhouse gas (“GHG”) performance by undertaking a collaborative approach with our supply chain. To maximize the environmental benefits of our LNG, we believe it is important to develop future climate goals and strategies based on an accurate and holistic assessment of the emissions profile of our LNG, accounting for all steps in the supply chain.
Industry Leadership: Science and Transparency
Cheniere is taking real action to better understand climate risk, working with experts from world-renowned institutions to help shape our climate programs and strategies to maximize the climate benefits of our LNG for our global customers, and to further reinforce the resilience and competitiveness of our business over the long-term. Cheniere’s efforts and programs are focused on data-driven science and transparency to understand and quantify the GHG emissions associated with our LNG supply chain. Examples include:
• | Life Cycle Assessment (“LCA”): We developed a life cycle assessment model as the foundational analytical tool for our climate strategy and continue to update the LCA to better understand our GHG emissions profile across the entire value chain. We sponsored the publication of a first-of-its-kind supplier-specific life cycle assessment in a peer-reviewed scientific journal (co-authored by scholars from the University of Texas at Austin, Queen Mary University of London, and Duke University). |
• | Cargo Emission Tags (“CE Tags”): In 2022, we began providing customers with CE Tags showing the estimated GHG emissions profile associated with each cargo we deliver. These tags are generated from our LCA and provide customers with transparent data about GHG emissions across the LNG value chain. |
• | Quantification, Monitoring, Reporting & Verification (“QMRV”) Research and Development (“R&D”): In 2021, we initiated a multi-year, multi-sector R&D program with a number of our key suppliers and a host of technology vendors to assess the capabilities of pioneering emissions measurement technologies and improve our understanding of measurement-informed GHG emissions. The program is designed, conducted, and analyzed by scientists at the Payne Institute for Public Policy at the Colorado School of Mines, the University of Texas at Austin, and Colorado State University. In 2022, we initiated the QMRV R&D program with midstream infrastructure partners and at our liquefaction facilities. |
• | The Energy Emissions Modeling and Data Lab (“EEMDL”): In 2022, we co-founded and sponsored a new, multidisciplinary research and education initiative led by the University of Texas at Austin in collaboration with Colorado State University and the Colorado School of Mines. EEMDL’s goal is to provide reliable, science-based, transparent, measurement-informed GHG assessments by developing publicly available models and datasets. Our support for EEMDL reflects our belief that our climate strategy should be “actionable” and supports our efforts and industry’s efforts to measure and mitigate emissions through improved emissions quantification and data. |
• | Oil and Gas Methane Partnership (“OGMP 2.0”): In 2022, we joined the OGMP 2.0, the United Nations Environment Programme’s flagship oil and gas methane emissions reporting and mitigation initiative. OGMP 2.0 is intended to be the global framework for transparent reporting of methane emissions from the oil and gas sector. Our participation in OGMP 2.0 is consistent with and enhanced by our climate strategies, including our QMRV R&D program and EEMDL participation and part of the Company’s continued commitment to increased climate transparency and data-driven actions that address methane emissions. |
These efforts are helping us build a data-driven approach that leverages our unique position within the LNG supply chain to collaborate with our suppliers, scientific experts, and customers to improve the climate competitiveness of our LNG and strengthen the resilience of our business over the long-term. We believe it is critical to develop future climate goals and strategies—including the setting of any emissions reduction targets—based on an accurate and holistic assessment of the emissions profile of our LNG business, accounting for all steps in the supply chain.
Addressing Climate Risk
We have built our strategy to respond to climate-related risks and opportunities, support the long-term resilience of our business and address the world’s shared energy challenges. We integrate climate-related risks and opportunities into our business strategy and financial planning.
In April 2021, we published a Climate Scenario Analysis: Transitional Risk report, which analyzed the long-term resilience of Cheniere’s business under multiple long-term climate scenarios, including a trajectory consistent with the goals of the Paris
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CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
Agreement to limit global warming to well below 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels. The report was informed by the recommendations of the TCFD. Under all scenarios evaluated and subject to the assumptions contained therein, the report concluded that Cheniere is positioned to help meet growing demand for LNG through 2040. The analysis validates our belief in the long-term resiliency of our business, even under a well-below-2°C pathway and a major transformation of the global energy system.
We also consider physical risks such as hurricanes, flood and other extreme weather events. We design our facilities to withstand a variety of extreme weather conditions, and we implement appropriate risk mitigation and management measures.
Human Capital Management
Our people are one of our greatest assets and a driving force of our business. We strive to provide a best-in-class workplace that fosters productivity and inclusivity, and empowers all employees to do their best work. We invest in core human capital priorities—attracting, engaging and developing diverse talent, and building an inclusive and equitable workplace—because our employees enable our current and future success and ability to generate long-term value. Our strength comes in part from the collective expertise of our diverse workforce and through our core values of teamwork, respect, accountability, integrity, nimble and safety (“TRAINS”).
Our employees help drive our success, build our reputation, establish our legacy and deliver on our commitments to our customers. We aim to retain the best talent and keep our employees engaged through fulfilling career opportunities, training and development resources, and a competitive compensation program. Highlights include:
• | Competitive compensation and benefits package and offerings to support wellness and mental health |
• | Anonymous employee engagement surveys and outlets to submit questions and concerns |
• | Development and training opportunities for all employees, including access to over 130 online learning courses and funding for employees’ external professional certifications and continuing education |
• | Annual performance reviews and regular talent reviews to target development strategies and manage succession plans |
Our Chief Human Resources Officer oversees human capital management, which includes our approach to talent attraction and retention, rewards and remuneration, employee relations, employee engagement and training and development, and communicates progress on the program to our Board quarterly.
Diversity, Equity and Inclusion
We are committed to providing a diverse and inclusive culture where all employees can thrive and feel welcomed and valued. To create this environment, we are committed to equal employment opportunity and to compliance with all federal, state and local laws that prohibit workplace discrimination, harassment and unlawful retaliation. Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, our TRAINS values and both our discrimination and harassment and equal employment opportunity policies demonstrate our commitment to building an inclusive workplace, regardless of race, beliefs, nationality, gender and sexual orientation or any other status protected by law or our policies. We are committed to providing fair and equitable employee programs including compensation and benefits. We provide executives and senior management with DEI training and Unconscious Bias training to all employees. In addition, we advanced our “Values in Action” which supports employees in identifying and implementing actions and behaviors that align with our TRAINS values.
Our recent progress and highlights include:
• | Female representation on the Board at approximately 33% and elected Brian E. Edwards as a Board member in 2022, continuing our efforts to advance diverse representation at all levels of our organization |
• | Increased the diversity of our overall employee base through our 2022 new hires, approximately 33% of whom identified as women and approximately 56% of whom identified as racially/ethnically diverse |
• | Employed 53 students through our summer internship program: approximately 49% of interns identified as female and approximately 47% identified as racially/ethnically diverse |
• | Met our target to invest $1 million in DEI-focused community programs that serve traditionally underrepresented populations |
• | Expanded our Thurgood Marshall College Fund (TMCF) scholarship program in partnership with four Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) to support 25 students |
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25 |
GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
• | Hired a dedicated external DEI consultant to advise and advance our DEI strategy |
• | Introduced a supplier diversity program with objectives and focus areas |
Through our targeted recruitment efforts, we attract a variety of candidates with a diversity of backgrounds, skills, experience, and expertise. Since 2018, we have had a 26% increase in racially or ethnically diverse employees and a 42% increase in racially or ethnically diverse management. In the past five years, the percentage of female employees has decreased slightly from 27% to 26% and we have had a 3% increase in women in management positions. In 2021, we announced our multiyear commitment to the Thurgood Marshall College Fund of $500,000 in scholarships to students attending selected historically black colleges and universities. We also committed to other scholarships and community efforts furthering our commitment to DEI.
We encourage our employees to leverage their unique backgrounds through involvement in various employee resource groups and employee networks. Groups such as WILS (Women Inspiring Leadership Success), EPN (Emerging Professional Network), Cultural Champions Teams and our newest employee resource group focused on military veterans help build a culture of inclusion.
Our Chief Compliance and Ethics Officer oversees the DEI program, and communicates progress on the program to our Board quarterly.
Health and Safety
Safety is a core value at Cheniere, and we are committed to a safety-first culture in all aspects of our business. Our Cheniere Integrated Management System (CIMS) coordinates the management of all our core operational functions to enable excellence in safety, health, and environmental performance, as well as operational reliability. We also facilitate this commitment through the following:
• | Commitment to a robust safety culture, including asset location and office Safety Committees chaired by employees |
• | Safety compliance requirements to pre-qualify, monitor and evaluate suppliers |
• | Robust training program to ensure compliance with Cheniere-specific and regulatory safety requirements |
• | Governance and assurance programs to assess effectiveness of health and safety programs and drive continuous improvement |
• | Processes to document incidents and share lessons learned across the Company |
• | Safety target included in the compensation scorecard which is tied to the annual incentive program for all employees |
Community Engagement and Development
We believe building strong relationships and supporting the communities in which we live and work contributes to our success. We focus on driving community development through local skills training opportunities, job creation and targeted community investment. This helps support the long-term growth of our local communities and builds critical relationships that help to facilitate our business success. We implement a comprehensive approach to community engagement to build respectful, collaborative relationships and respond proactively to our communities’ needs and concerns. Our vice president of state and local government and community affairs provides executive oversight and leadership on our stakeholder engagement, community investments, corporate giving and volunteer efforts. This team provides regular updates to the CEO and members of senior management, as well as to the Board at least annually.
We partner with our communities throughout a project’s lifecycle, beginning at the early stages of planning. In addition to supporting a local workforce and supplier base, Cheniere supports economic development in our communities through strategic community investments, corporate giving and volunteering. During a project’s planning phase, we assess community-focused environmental and social impacts of our operations, including impacts to minority and economically disadvantaged populations and other relevant environmental considerations. Along with implementing a targeted stakeholder engagement plan, we log and track community feedback to help ensure we address concerns in a timely and transparent manner.
Oversight and initiatives include:
• | Finalized Social Performance Framework to guide our community investments, partnerships, outreach and engagement |
• | Expanded the Social Impact Assessment for Corpus Christi Liquefaction to account for potential construction impacts and expanded liquefaction capacity in advance of the Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project |
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MEETINGS AND COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD
• | The Cheniere Foundation, Employee Giving Fund and direct company contributions, including $250,000 to help build and repair public waterway access infrastructure on the Sabine-Neches waterway, and a $100,000 grant to the City of Corpus Christi to continue a program that addresses gaps in the homelessness case management process |
• | Robust stakeholder engagement plans whereby our site leadership engages with their community stakeholders on a regular basis |
• | Annual social investments that support environmental stewardship, including projects dedicated to marine habitats, coastal restoration, and air quality |
• | Expanded our portfolio of mentorship, apprenticeship, and educational programs to help create jobs and provide local residents with skills to enter the workforce |
Global community direct giving
$5.6 million |
Provided over
15,000 volunteer hours
|
Invested in organizations promoting diversity, equity and inclusion in our local communities
$1 million
|
Political Engagement
We are committed to high ethical standards, as codified in Cheniere’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. We expect employees to uphold the highest standards of ethical behavior and conduct all political advocacy activities in compliance with applicable state and federal laws as well as our policies. We comply with regulatory standards associated with registration and reporting of our lobbying activities, which are limited to the U.S. only.
• | Our lobbying activity is publicly available in the Federal Lobbying Database, as well as in the Texas and Louisiana state databases |
• | Cheniere’s memberships in 501(c)(4) and 501(c)(6) organizations can be found at www.cheniere.com/about/resources/memberships-trade-associations |
Human Rights and Labor Standards
We respect the human rights of all people, including our personnel and individuals based in the communities in which we operate. In addition, we strive to work with suppliers and contractors who embrace and commit to similar values:
• | Our Supplier Code of Conduct affirms that we respect human rights worldwide and that we strive to work with suppliers who engage in efforts to promote similar human rights-related standards, including those related to fair wages, anti-discrimination, and other ethical labor practices. |
• | We expect our suppliers to review, understand and agree to abide by our Supplier Code of Conduct to ensure compliance with our standards. |
MEETINGS AND COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD
Our operations are managed under the broad supervision and direction of the Board, which has the ultimate responsibility for the oversight of the Company’s general operating philosophy, objectives, goals and policies. Pursuant to authority delegated by the Board, certain Board functions are discharged by the Board’s standing Audit, Governance and Nominating and Compensation Committees. Members of the Audit, Governance and Nominating and Compensation Committees for a given year are selected by the Board following the annual shareholders’ meeting. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, our Board held eleven meetings. Each incumbent member of the Board attended or participated in at least 75% of the aggregate number of: (i) Board meetings; and (ii) committee meetings held by each committee of the Board on which the director served during the period for which each director served, with the exception of Mr. Runkle and Ms. Gray who were not members of the Board in 2022. Although directors are not required to attend annual shareholders’ meetings, they are encouraged to attend such meetings. At the 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, all of the 10 members of the Board then serving were present.
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GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
Committee Membership as of April 10, 2023:
AUDIT COMMITTEE | GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE | COMPENSATION COMMITTEE | ||
Donald F. Robillard, Jr.* | G. Andrea Botta* | Neal A. Shear* | ||
Vicky A. Bailey | Vicky A. Bailey | Patricia K. Collawn | ||
Patricia K. Collawn | Lorraine Mitchelmore | Brian E. Edwards | ||
Brian E. Edwards | Donald F. Robillard, Jr. | |||
Lorraine Mitchelmore | Neal A. Shear |
* | Chair of Committee |
Ms. Bailey is not standing for re-election at the Meeting. If Ms. Gray is elected to the Board at the Meeting, it is anticipated that she will join the Audit Committee and the Compensation Committee.
AUDIT COMMITTEE
Each member of the Audit Committee has been determined by the Board to be “independent” as defined by the NYSE American listing standards and by the SEC, and the Board determined that each of Ms. Collawn and Mr. Robillard is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined in Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC. The Audit Committee held eight meetings during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.
The Audit Committee has a written charter, which is available on our website at www.cheniere.com. The Audit Committee is appointed by the Board to oversee the accounting and financial reporting processes of the Company and the audits of the Company’s financial statements. The Audit Committee assists the Board in overseeing:
• | the integrity of the Company’s financial statements; |
• | the qualifications, independence and performance of our independent auditor; |
• | our internal audit function and systems of internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures; and |
• | compliance by the Company with legal and regulatory requirements. |
The Audit Committee maintains a channel of communication among the independent auditor, principal financial and accounting officers, VP-internal audit, compliance officer and the Board concerning our financial and compliance position and affairs. The Audit Committee has and may exercise all powers and authority of the Board in connection with carrying out its functions and responsibilities and has sole authority to select and retain the independent auditor and authority to engage and determine funding for independent legal, accounting or other advisers. The Audit Committee’s responsibility is oversight, and it recognizes that the Company’s management is responsible for preparing the Company’s financial statements and complying with applicable laws and regulations.
GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE
Each member of the Governance and Nominating Committee has been determined by the Board to be “independent” as defined by the NYSE American listing standards and by the SEC. The Governance and Nominating Committee held eight meetings during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.
The Governance and Nominating Committee has a written charter, which is available on our website at www.cheniere.com. The Governance and Nominating Committee is appointed by the Board to develop and maintain the Company’s corporate governance policies. The Governance and Nominating Committee also oversees our Director Nomination Policy and Procedures. The Governance and Nominating Committee has the following duties and responsibilities, among others:
• | develop a process, subject to approval by the Board, for an annual evaluation of the Board and its committees and oversee this evaluation; |
• | in consultation with the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board, identify, recruit and evaluate individuals qualified to serve on the Board in accordance with the Company’s Director Nomination Policy and Procedures and recommend to the Board such director nominees to be considered for election at the Company’s annual meeting of shareholders or to be appointed by the Board to fill an existing or newly created vacancy on the Board; |
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COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
• | recommend to the Board action to be taken with respect to (i) any offer of resignation from a director who did not receive a majority of votes cast at his or her election, or (ii) any waiver from the director retirement policy; |
• | in consultation with the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board, identify, at least annually, members of the Board to serve on each Board committee and as chairman of each Board committee and recommend each such member and chairman to the Board for approval; |
• | assist the Board in evaluating and determining director independence under applicable laws, rules and regulations, including the rules and regulations of the NYSE American; |
• | develop and maintain policies and procedures with respect to the evaluation of the performance of the CEO; |
• | in consultation with the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board, review periodically the size of the Board and the structure, composition and responsibilities of the committees of the Board to enhance continued effectiveness; |
• | review, at least annually, director compensation for service on the Board and Board committees, including Non-Executive Chairman compensation and committee chairmen compensation, and recommend any changes to the Board; |
• | review, at least annually, the Company’s policies and practices relating to corporate governance and, when necessary or appropriate, recommend any proposed changes to the Board for approval; |
• | provide oversight of a process by each committee of the Board to review, at least annually, the applicable charter of such committee and, when necessary or appropriate, recommend changes in such charters to the Board for approval; |
• | along with the independent directors of the Board, develop and maintain policies and principles with respect to the search for and evaluation of potential successors to the CEO, and maintain a succession plan in accordance with such policies; |
• | develop and oversee continuing education programs for directors; |
• | review emerging corporate governance issues and practices; |
• | review with management and provide oversight of the current and emerging environmental, sustainability and social responsibility issues impacting the Company; |
• | review, at least annually, the Company’s climate change and sustainability policies and strategies; and |
• | review with management and provide oversight of the Company’s strategies, activities and initiatives related to diversity, equity and inclusion. |
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE
Each member of the Compensation Committee has been determined by the Board to be “independent” as defined by the NYSE American listing standards and by the SEC. The Compensation Committee held five meetings during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022.
The Compensation Committee has a written charter, which is available on our website at www.cheniere.com. The Compensation Committee is appointed by the Board to review and approve the compensation policies, practices and plans of the Company. The Chairman of the Compensation Committee, in consultation with other Compensation Committee members, members of management and the independent compensation consultant, determines the agenda and dates of Compensation Committee meetings.
The Compensation Committee’s charter is reviewed annually. Changes to the charter must be approved by the Board on the recommendation of the Compensation Committee. The charter provides that the Compensation Committee has the sole authority to retain, oversee and terminate any compensation consultant, independent legal counsel or other adviser engaged to assist in the evaluation of compensation of directors and executive officers of the Company, including the sole authority to approve such adviser’s fees and other retention terms. Pursuant to the charter, the Compensation Committee has the following duties and responsibilities, among others:
• | review and recommend to the Board for approval on an annual basis the compensation of the CEO and other executive officers of the Company, including salary, bonus and equity compensation, based on the Compensation Committee’s evaluations; |
• | review and approve corporate goals and objectives, after consultation with the Board and management, for the CEO and other executive officers for the defined performance period; |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
29 |
GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
• | in determining the long-term incentive component of the CEO’s compensation, the Compensation Committee is to consider criteria including the Company’s performance and relative shareholder return, the value of similar incentive awards granted to CEOs at peer companies, and the long-term incentive awards granted to the CEO in past years; |
• | review and determine whether established goals and objectives of any performance-based compensation for the CEO and other executive officers have been met for the completed performance period; |
• | report to the Board on the performance of the CEO and other executive officers in light of the established corporate goals and objectives for the performance period; |
• | assess the ongoing competitiveness of the total executive compensation package; |
• | review and approve budgets and guidelines for performance-based compensation; |
• | review existing cash-based and equity-based compensation plans; |
• | review and recommend to the Board for approval all new cash-based and equity-based compensation plans and all material modifications to existing compensation plans, provided that any equity-based inducement plans shall be approved by the Compensation Committee; |
• | review and discuss the Company’s Compensation Discussion and Analysis (“CD&A”) and the related executive compensation information and recommend to the Board that the CD&A and related executive compensation information be included in the Company’s proxy statement and annual report on Form 10-K, as required by the rules and regulations of the SEC; |
• | approve the Compensation Committee Report on executive officer compensation included in the Company’s proxy statement or annual report on Form 10-K, as required by the rules and regulations of the SEC; |
• | review and recommend to the Board for approval the frequency with which the Company will conduct advisory say-on-pay votes, taking into account the results of the most recent shareholder advisory vote on frequency of say-on-pay votes required by the rules and regulations of the SEC, and review and approve the proposals regarding the say-on-pay vote and the frequency of the say-on-pay vote to be included in the Company’s proxy statement; |
• | review and recommend to the Board for approval any employment agreements, severance arrangements, change-in-control arrangements or special or supplemental employee benefits, and any material amendments to the foregoing, applicable to executive officers, provided that any awards granted under an equity-based inducement plan shall be approved by the Compensation Committee; |
• | review and recommend to the Board for approval new hire and promotion compensation arrangements for executive officers, provided that any awards granted under an equity-based inducement plan shall be approved by the Compensation Committee; |
• | administer the Company’s stock plans; |
• | grant awards under the stock plans or delegate that responsibility to the Equity Grant Committee, a committee of the Board or, subject to Delaware General Corporation Law, officers of the Company, provided that any awards granted under an equity-based inducement plan shall be approved by the Compensation Committee; |
• | conduct and review an annual Committee performance evaluation; and |
• | review the Company’s executive compensation arrangements to determine whether they encourage excessive risk-taking, review and discuss, at least annually, the relationship between risk management policies and practices and executive compensation and evaluate executive compensation policies and practices that may mitigate any such risk. |
REVIEW OF COMPENSATION RISK
The Compensation Committee considered the risks associated with our compensation policies and practices in 2022. The Compensation Committee concluded that our compensation policies and practices were not reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on the Company and did not encourage our employees, including our executive officers, to take excessive risks in order to receive larger awards. As part of this analysis, the Compensation Committee considered the individual components of our executive officers’ compensation, the performance measures required to be achieved to earn cash bonus and equity awards and the vesting schedule of the equity awards. In concluding that our incentive plans do not promote excessive risk, the Compensation Committee considered the following factors, among others:
• | A significant portion of our executive officers’ compensation is tied to developmental, operating and corporate performance goals, and the achievement of the performance goals is conducted in accordance with the Company’s risk framework approved by the Board. |
30 | CHENIERE |
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES
• | A significant portion of our executive officers’ compensation is provided in equity and is tied to the stock value of the Company, and our executive officer stock ownership guidelines subject our executive officers to minimum share ownership and retention requirements, further aligning their interests with those of our shareholders. |
• | Our compensation program design provides a mix of annual and longer-term incentives and performance measures. |
• | Our compensation mix is not overly weighted toward annual incentives. |
• | We do not maintain excessively leveraged payout curves for incentive compensation opportunities, nor do we maintain steep payout cliffs at certain performance levels that may encourage short-term business decisions to meet payout thresholds. |
• | We currently do not grant stock options. |
• | The Compensation Committee has discretion over incentive award payouts, and compliance and ethical behavior are integral factors considered in all performance assessments. |
• | The Company’s Policy on Insider Trading and Compliance prohibits executive officers, directors and employees from hedging and effecting short sales of the Company’s stock and prohibits pledging of the Company’s stock. |
CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE GUIDELINES
Our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which is applicable to all directors, officers and employees of the Company, is available on the Company’s website at www.cheniere.com.
Our Corporate Governance Guidelines set out the material corporate practices that the Board has implemented which serve the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. Our Corporate Governance Guidelines are available on the Company’s website at www.cheniere.com.
DIRECTOR ORIENTATION AND CONTINUING EDUCATION
Upon joining the Board, as part of our onboarding process, new directors participate in a director orientation program that introduces them to the Company, which includes a review of background materials and meetings with management. This orientation enables new directors to become familiar with our business and strategic plans, significant financial matters, core values, including our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, compliance programs and corporate governance practices, and other key policies and practices, including workplace safety, risk management, investor relations and sustainability efforts.
Continuing education opportunities are provided to keep directors updated with information about our industry, corporate governance developments and critical strategic issues facing the Company, and other matters relevant to Board service. To enhance the Board’s understanding of some of the unique issues facing our business, directors are invited to visit our operating locations, tour our facilities and directly interact with the personnel responsible for our day-to-day operations. Directors also participate in the National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD), of which the Company is a member.
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION
The Compensation Committee consisted of Ms. Collawn and Messrs. Kilpatrick, Langham and Shear from January 1, 2022 through March 23, 2022; Ms. Collawn and Messrs. Kilpatrick and Shear from March 23, 2022 through October 3, 2022; and from October 3, 2022 through the end of 2022, consisted of Ms. Collawn and Messrs. Edwards and Shear. No member of the Compensation
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
31 |
GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
Committee was an employee or officer of the Company in 2022. During 2022, none of our executive officers served as a member of the compensation committee of any other company that had an executive officer who served as a member of our Board. During 2022, none of our executive officers served as a member of the board of directors of any other company that had an executive officer who served as a member of our Compensation Committee. Mr. Shear served as the Interim Chief Executive Officer and President of Cheniere from December 2015 to May 2016.
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
Our Corporate Governance Guidelines provide for compensation for our directors’ services, in recognition of their time and skills. Directors who are also our officers or employees do not receive additional compensation for serving on the Board.
Maintaining a market-based compensation program for our directors enables the Company to attract qualified members to serve on the Board. The Governance and Nominating Committee, with the assistance of our independent compensation consultant, periodically reviews our director compensation levels and practices and compares them to that of comparable companies to ensure they are aligned with market practices. Specifically, comparisons are made to the companies included in our peer group used for benchmarking the compensation of our executive officers, which is discussed under “Peer Group” below. Based on the results of such competitive reviews, the Governance and Nominating Committee may recommend changes to our director compensation program to the Board for approval.
The Board did not increase annual director compensation in 2022. Mr. Fusco did not receive any compensation for his service as a director. Directors may elect to receive the annual compensation either (i) 100% in restricted stock or (ii) $100,000 in cash and $195,000 in restricted stock. Additional compensation is paid for Board leadership positions, to recognize the additional time required to perform the responsibilities associated with these positions. These additional fees are as follows, which may be received either (i) 100% in restricted stock or (ii) 50% in cash and 50% in restricted stock: $30,000 for the Chair of the Audit Committee; $20,000 for the Chair of the Compensation Committee; $10,000 for the Chair of the Governance and Nominating Committee; and $185,000 for the Non-Executive Chairman. Cash payments are made quarterly. The directors’ restricted stock equity retainer of $195,000 and 50% of all Chair fees awarded in 2022 vest on the earlier of: (i) the day immediately prior to the date of the Company’s regular annual meeting of shareholders in the calendar year following the calendar year in which the date of the grant occurs; and (ii) the first anniversary of the date of grant. If a director elects to receive their $100,000 non-equity retainer and 50% cash portion of their committee chair fees (collectively, the “remaining compensation”) in restricted stock in lieu of cash, such restricted stock vests quarterly. Should a director resign, their remaining pro-rated compensation is paid in cash upon such resignation as if a 100% cash election had been made for their remaining compensation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a director resigns (i) upon the request of the Board, including as a result of Board refreshment or retirement initiatives, or (ii) in the case of a director designated to serve on the Board on behalf of a Company shareholder, upon the removal or replacement by, or upon the request of, such shareholder, and in each case where the director has not engaged in action that would result in removal for Cause (as defined in the director’s grant agreement), such director would receive a pro-rata amount of the restricted stock portion of their annual compensation based on the number of days of service relative to the applicable vesting period. Additionally, pursuant to a Director Deferred Compensation Plan approved in February 2022, non-employee directors may elect to defer receipt of 100% of their annual equity-based director compensation in a given director year (from annual meeting to annual meeting) into the form of deferred stock units (“DSUs”), which follow the same vesting schedule as the restricted stock the director would have otherwise received.
The Governance and Nominating Committee continues to evaluate our total director compensation package to ensure competitiveness with market practices, as well as fairness and appropriateness in light of the responsibilities and obligations of our non-employee directors.
32 | CHENIERE |
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
The compensation earned by or paid to our non-employee directors for the year ended December 31, 2022 is set forth in the following table:
NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTOR COMPENSATION TABLE FOR FISCAL YEAR 2022 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NAME |
FEES EARNED OR PAID IN CASH ($) |
STOCK AWARDS ($)(1) |
OPTION AWARDS ($) |
NON-EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN COMPENSATION |
CHANGE IN PENSION VALUE AND NONQUALIFIED DEFERRED COMPENSATION EARNINGS ($) |
ALL OTHER COMPENSATION ($) |
TOTAL ($) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Vicky A. Bailey(2) |
$ |
100,000 |
|
$ |
195,111 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
295,111 |
| |||||||
G. Andrea Botta(3) |
$ |
197,500 |
|
$ |
292,534 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
490,034 |
| |||||||
Patricia K. Collawn(4) |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
295,174 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
295,174 |
| |||||||
Brian E. Edwards(5) |
$ |
11,781 |
|
$ |
118,302 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
130,083 |
| |||||||
David B. Kilpatrick(6) |
$ |
13,425 |
|
$ |
295,174 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
308,599 |
| |||||||
Sean T. Klimczak(7) |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
— |
| |||||||
Andrew Langham(8) |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
— |
| |||||||
Lorraine Mitchelmore(9) |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
295,174 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
295,174 |
| |||||||
Donald A. Robillard, Jr.(10) |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
325,141 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
325,141 |
| |||||||
Scott Peak(11) |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
— |
| |||||||
Neal A. Shear(12) |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
315,108 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
315,108 |
| |||||||
Andrew Teno(13) |
$ |
60,137 |
|
$ |
195,111 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
255,248 |
|
(1) | For Mses. Bailey, Collawn and Mitchelmore and Messrs. Botta, Kilpatrick, Robillard, Shear and Teno, the amounts in this column reflect the grant date fair values (at $132.01 per share on May 12, 2022) of awards granted on May 12, 2022. For Mr. Edwards, the amount in this column reflects the grant date fair value (at $167.33 per share on October 3, 2022) of his award granted on October 3, 2022. |
(2) | Ms. Bailey was granted 1,478 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $195,111. As of December 31, 2022, she had outstanding 1,478 shares of restricted stock and 0 deferred stock units. |
(3) | Mr. Botta was granted 2,216 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $292,534. Mr. Botta receives $185,000 for his service as Non-Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors and $10,000 for his service as Chairman of the Governance and Nominating Committee. As of December 31, 2022, he had outstanding 0 shares of restricted stock and 2,216 deferred stock units. |
(4) | Ms. Collawn was granted 2,236 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $295,174. As of December 31, 2022, she had outstanding 0 shares of restricted stock and 1,858 deferred stock units. |
(5) | Mr. Edwards was granted 707 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on October 3, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $118,302. As of December 31, 2022, he had outstanding 707 shares of restricted stock and 0 deferred stock units. |
(6) | Mr. Kilpatrick was granted 2,236 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $295,174. On October 3, 2022, Mr. Kilpatrick resigned from the Board. In connection with Mr. Kilpatrick’s resignation, 586 shares of restricted stock from his award granted on May 12, 2022 accelerated and vested on October 3, 2022, and all of his remaining outstanding shares of restricted stock were forfeited upon his departure from the Board. As of December 31, 2022, he had no shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units outstanding. |
(7) | On April 5, 2022, Mr. Klimczak resigned from the Board. Pursuant to arrangements between Mr. Klimczak and Blackstone, Mr. Klimczak did not receive compensation for his service on the Board. As of December 31, 2022, he had no shares of restricted stock outstanding. |
(8) | On March 23, 2022, Mr. Langham resigned from the Board. In connection with his resignation, 2,050 shares of restricted stock from his 2021 award accelerated and vested on March 23, 2022, and all of Mr. Langham’s remaining outstanding shares of restricted stock were forfeited upon his departure from the Board. As of December 31, 2022, he had no shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units outstanding. |
(9) | Ms. Mitchelmore was granted 2,236 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $295,174. As of December 31, 2022, she had outstanding 1,858 shares of restricted stock and 0 deferred stock units. |
(10) | Mr. Robillard was granted 2,463 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $325,141. Mr. Robillard receives $30,000 for his service as Chairman of the Audit Committee, paid in the form of restricted stock. As of December 31, 2022, he had outstanding 2,027 shares of restricted stock and 0 deferred stock units. |
(11) | Pursuant to arrangements between Mr. Peak and Brookfield, Mr. Peak did not receive compensation for his service on the Board. As of December 31, 2022, he had no shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units outstanding. |
(12) | Mr. Shear was granted 2,387 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $315,108. Mr. Shear receives $20,000 for his service as Chairman of the Compensation Committee, paid in the form of restricted stock. As of December 31, 2022, he had outstanding 1,971 shares of restricted stock and 0 deferred stock units. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
33 |
GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
(13) | Mr. Teno was granted 1,478 shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units on May 12, 2022, with a grant date fair value of $195,111. On June 21, 2022, Mr. Teno resigned from the Board. In connection with Mr. Teno’s resignation, 166 shares of restricted stock from his award granted on May 12, 2022 accelerated and vested on June 21, 2022, and all of his remaining outstanding shares of restricted stock were forfeited upon his departure from the Board. As of December 31, 2022, he had no shares of restricted stock or deferred stock units outstanding. |
Directors are also reimbursed for their expenses incurred by attending Board, committee and shareholder meetings, including those for travel, meals and lodging. Occasionally, a spouse or other guest may accompany directors on charter flights when the aircraft is already scheduled for business purposes and can accommodate additional passengers. In those cases, there is no aggregate incremental cost to the Company and, as a result, no amount is reflected in the 2022 Director Compensation table.
34 | CHENIERE |
MANAGEMENT
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions of each of our executive officers (for purposes of Rule 3b-7 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and this Proxy Statement), as of the Record Date, all of whom serve at the request of the Board:
NAME | AGE | POSITION | ||
Jack A. Fusco |
60 | Director, President and Chief Executive Officer | ||
Zach Davis |
38 | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||
Anatol Feygin |
54 | Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer | ||
Corey Grindal |
52 | Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer | ||
Sean N. Markowitz |
49 | Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary |
Jack A. Fusco
President and Chief Executive Officer
Mr. Fusco has served as President and Chief Executive Officer since May 2016. Further information regarding Mr. Fusco is provided above under “Director Biographies.”
Zach Davis
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Mr. Davis has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since February 2022, and previously served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from August 2020 to February 2022. Mr. Davis also serves as a director and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Cheniere Partners GP, and as a director of the Cheniere Foundation. Institutional Investor recognized Mr. Davis as the 2023 All-America Executive Team Best CFO in Energy – Natural Gas & Master Limited Partnerships. Mr. Davis joined Cheniere in November 2013. He previously served as Senior Vice President, Finance from February 2020 to August 2020 and as Vice President, Finance and Planning from October 2016 to February 2020. Mr. Davis has over 15 years of energy finance experience, focusing on strategic advisory assignments and financings for companies, projects and assets in the LNG, power, renewable energy, midstream and infrastructure sectors. Prior to joining Cheniere, Mr. Davis held energy investment banking and project finance roles at Credit Suisse, Marathon Capital and HSH Nordbank. Mr. Davis received a B.S. in Economics from Duke University.
Anatol Feygin
Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer
Mr. Feygin has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer since September 2016. Mr. Feygin joined Cheniere in March 2014 as Senior Vice President, Strategy and Corporate Development. Mr. Feygin also currently serves as Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer of Cheniere Partners GP, and previously served as a director and Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer of Cheniere Holdings from September 2016 and August 2017, respectively, to September 2018. Prior to joining Cheniere, Mr. Feygin worked with Loews Corporation from November 2007 to March 2014, most recently as its Vice President, Energy Strategist and Senior Portfolio Manager. Prior to joining Loews, Mr. Feygin spent three years at Bank of America, most recently as Head of Global Commodity Strategy. Mr. Feygin began his banking career at J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. as Senior Analyst, Natural Gas Pipelines and Distributors. Mr. Feygin previously served on the board of directors of Diamond Offshore Drilling, Inc., an offshore drilling provider, from May 2019 to April 2021. Mr. Feygin earned a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Rutgers University and an M.B.A. in Finance from the Leonard N. Stern School of Business at New York University.
Corey Grindal
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
Mr. Grindal has served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since January 2023, and previously served as Executive Vice President, Worldwide Trading from September 2020 to January 2023. Mr. Grindal has also served as a director and Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Cheniere Partners GP since September 2022 and January 2023,
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
35 |
MANAGEMENT
respectively. Mr. Grindal previously served as Senior Vice President, Gas Supply from September 2016 to September 2020, after joining Cheniere in June of 2013 as Vice President of Supply. Mr. Grindal was brought in to develop the required infrastructure needed for firm and reliable deliveries to Cheniere’s LNG terminals, establish the required relationships with the United States’ producer community, and set up the needed systems, processes, and personnel for Cheniere to be the premiere United States LNG exporter. Mr. Grindal has over 30 years of experience in pipeline construction and operations, project management, and natural gas and power trading. Prior to joining Cheniere, Mr. Grindal was with Deutsche Bank and was responsible for physical and financial trading. Prior to Deutsche Bank, Mr. Grindal held positions with Louis Dreyfus and the Tenneco/ El Paso companies. Mr. Grindal holds a B.S. degree in Mechanical Engineering with Honors from the University of Texas at Austin.
Sean N. Markowitz
Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary
Mr. Markowitz has served as Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary since February 2020, and previously served as General Counsel and Corporate Secretary from September 2016 to February 2020. Mr. Markowitz joined Cheniere in October 2015 as Assistant General Counsel and Corporate Secretary. Mr. Markowitz served as Interim General Counsel and Corporate Secretary from June 2016 to September 2016. Mr. Markowitz has served as Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary of Cheniere Partners GP since May 2020 and previously served as General Counsel and Corporate Secretary from December 2016 and December 2015, respectively, to May 2020. Mr. Markowitz also previously served as General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of Cheniere Holdings from November 2016 and December 2015, respectively, to September 2018. Prior to joining Cheniere, Mr. Markowitz served as General Counsel and Corporate Secretary for Sizmek, Inc. (and its predecessor company, Digital Generation, Inc.) from August 2012 to May 2015. Prior to joining Digital Generation, Inc., Mr. Markowitz served as Chief Legal Counsel—Commercial for Alon USA Energy, Inc. from August 2010 to August 2012 (and as Assistant General Counsel from December 2008 to July 2010). From January 2006 to December 2008, Mr. Markowitz served as Counsel—Corporate Acquisitions and Finance for Electronic Data Systems Corporation which was acquired by Hewlett-Packard Company in August 2008. Mr. Markowitz’s earlier career experience includes service with the law firms of Fulbright & Jaworski L.L.P. (now a part of Norton Rose Fulbright), Hughes & Luce L.L.P. (now a part of K&L Gates LLP) and Andrews Kurth LLP (now a part of Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP). Mr. Markowitz earned his J.D., with honors, from The University of Texas School of Law and graduated magna cum laude with a B.S. in Economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania.
INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS
Our Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and Bylaws provide that the Company will indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent permissible under Delaware law. These indemnification provisions require the Company to indemnify such persons against certain liabilities and expenses to which they may become subject by reason of their service as a director or officer of the Company or any of its affiliated enterprises. The provisions also set forth certain procedures, including the advancement of expenses, that apply in the event of a claim for indemnification.
We have also entered into an Indemnification Agreement with members of our Board and certain officers of the Company. The Indemnification Agreement provides for indemnification for all expenses and claims that a director or officer incurs as a result of actions taken, or not taken, on behalf of the Company while serving as a director, officer, employee, controlling person, selling shareholder, agent or fiduciary (the “Indemnitee”) of the Company, or any subsidiary of the Company, with such indemnification to be paid within 25 days after written demand. The Indemnification Agreement provides that no indemnification will generally be provided: (1) for claims brought by the Indemnitee, except for a claim of indemnity under the Indemnification Agreement, if the Company approves the bringing of such claim, or as otherwise required under Section 145 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”), regardless of whether the Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to indemnification; (2) for claims under Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”); (3) if the Indemnitee did not act in good faith or in a manner reasonably believed by the Indemnitee to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company; (4) if the Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful in a criminal proceeding; or (5) if the Indemnitee is adjudged liable to the Company, unless the court in which such action is brought permits indemnification in accordance with the DGCL. Indemnification will be provided to the extent permitted by law, the Company’s Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and Bylaws, and to a greater extent if, by law, the scope of coverage is expanded after the date of the Indemnification Agreement. In all events, the scope of coverage will not be less than what is in existence on the date of the Indemnification Agreement.
36 | CHENIERE |
EQUITY COMPENSATION
PLAN INFORMATION
The following table provides information about our compensation plans as of December 31, 2022. The equity compensation plans approved by our shareholders consist of the Cheniere Energy, Inc. 2011 Incentive Plan, as amended (the “2011 Plan”) and the Cheniere Energy, Inc. 2020 Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan” and together with the 2011 Plan, the “Plans”).
PLAN CATEGORY | (a) NUMBER OF SECURITIES TO BE ISSUED UPON EXERCISE OF OUTSTANDING OPTIONS, WARRANTS AND RIGHTS |
(b) WEIGHTED- AVERAGE EXERCISE PRICE OF OUTSTANDING OPTIONS, WARRANTS AND RIGHTS |
(c) NUMBER OF SECURITIES REMAINING AVAILABLE FOR FUTURE ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS (EXCLUDING SECURITIES REFLECTED IN THE FIRST COLUMN (a)) |
|||||||||
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders |
|
4,375,966 |
(1) |
|
— |
|
|
4,477,835 |
(2) | |||
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
| |||
Total |
|
4,375,966 |
|
|
— |
|
|
4,477,835 |
|
(1) | The number in this column represents the number of shares issuable under outstanding Restricted Stock Unit awards (“RSUs”) and Performance Stock Unit awards (“PSUs”) based on the maximum award level. For more information regarding these awards, please see “LTI Program” on page 50 of this Proxy Statement. |
(2) | In 2011, the Company established the 2011 Plan, which was amended and restated in April 2017. In May 2020, the Company established the 2020 Plan. The Plans are broad-based incentive plans which allow for the issuance of stock options, stock appreciation rights and awards of bonus stock, phantom stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance awards and other stock-based awards to employees, consultants and non-employee directors. The following awards have been granted under the 2011 Plan and remain outstanding as of December 31, 2022: 320,422 shares underlying RSUs and 655,155 shares underlying PSUs based on the maximum award level. The following awards have been granted under the 2020 Plan and remain outstanding as of December 31, 2022: 2,136,714 shares underlying RSUs, 1,255,634 shares underlying PSUs based on the maximum award level, and 8,041 shares of restricted stock and deferred stock units. The term of any award under the Plans may not exceed a period of ten years. |
Vesting of restricted stock under the Plans depends on whether the restricted stock was granted as a retention award or annual director equity award. Vesting of retention awards typically occurs in equal annual installments over a two-year period or three-year period on each anniversary of the grant date. The outstanding annual director equity retainer awards and 50% of all Chair fees vest on the earlier of: (i) the day immediately prior to the date of the Company’s next annual meeting of shareholders after the date of grant and (ii) the first anniversary of the date of grant. If a director elects to receive their remaining compensation in restricted stock in lieu of cash, such stock vests quarterly. |
RSUs under the Plans generally vest in equal annual installments over a three-year period on each anniversary of the grant date or cliff vest upon the third anniversary of the grant date. |
PSUs under the Plans cliff vest upon the third anniversary of the grant date, subject to the satisfaction of performance conditions. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
37 |
SECURITY OWNERSHIP
As of the Record Date, there were 243,493,892 shares of common stock outstanding. The information provided below summarizes the beneficial ownership of directors, nominees for director, named executive officers set forth in the “Summary Compensation Table,” and all of our current directors and executive officers as a group, as well as owners of more than 5% of our outstanding common stock. “Beneficial Ownership” generally includes those shares of Company common stock that a person has the power to vote, sell or acquire within 60 days. It includes shares of Company common stock that are held directly and also shares held indirectly through a relationship, a position as a trustee or under a contract or understanding.
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The following table sets forth information with respect to shares of common stock of the Company owned of record and beneficially as of the Record Date by each director, nominee for director and named executive officer set forth in the “Summary Compensation Table” and by all current directors and executive officers of the Company as a group. As of the Record Date, the current directors and executive officers of the Company beneficially owned an aggregate of 1,432,302 shares of common stock (less than 1% of the outstanding shares entitled to vote at the time).
The table also presents the ownership of common units of Cheniere Partners owned of record or beneficially as of the Record Date by each director, nominee for director and named executive officer set forth in the “Summary Compensation Table” and by all current directors and executive officers of the Company as a group. The Company owns 100% of the general partner interest and 48.6% of the limited partner interest in Cheniere Partners. As of the Record Date, there were 484,033,123 common units and 9,877,924 general partner units of Cheniere Partners outstanding.
CHENIERE ENERGY, INC. | CHENIERE ENERGY PARTNERS, L.P. | |||||||||
NAME OF BENEFICIAL OWNER |
AMOUNT AND NATURE OF BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP |
PERCENT OF CLASS |
AMOUNT AND NATURE OF BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP |
PERCENT OF CLASS | ||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
|
724,062 |
(1) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
Vicky A. Bailey |
|
33,862 |
|
* |
— |
— | ||||
G. Andrea Botta |
|
39,082 |
(2) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
Patricia K. Collawn |
|
5,173 |
(2) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
Brian E. Edwards |
|
707 |
|
* |
— |
— | ||||
Denise Gray |
|
0 |
|
* |
— |
— | ||||
Lorraine Mitchelmore |
|
4,257 |
|
* |
— |
— | ||||
Donald F. Robillard, Jr. |
|
44,312 |
|
* |
— |
— | ||||
Matthew Runkle |
|
0 |
(3) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
Neal A. Shear |
|
28,545 |
|
* |
— |
— | ||||
Zach Davis |
|
94,591 |
(4) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
Anatol Feygin |
|
202,547 |
(5) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
Corey Grindal |
|
131,643 |
(6) |
* |
7,649 |
* | ||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
|
79,209 |
(7) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
Aaron Stephenson |
|
55,617 |
(8) |
* |
— |
— | ||||
All current directors and executive officers as a group (13 persons)(9) |
|
1,432,302 |
|
* |
7,649 |
* |
* | Less than 1% |
(1) | Does not include 122,316 unvested RSUs awarded to Mr. Fusco. |
(2) | Includes deferred stock units which are distributable within 60 days following such director’s retirement or resignation based upon his or her payout elections under the Director Deferred Compensation Plan. For additional information regarding such holdings, refer to the “Director Compensation” table on page 33. |
(3) | Mr. Runkle is an employee of Blackstone Inc. and does not receive compensation or grants of restricted stock for his service on the Board. Mr. Runkle did not own any shares of the Company as of April 4, 2023, the date he joined the Board. |
(4) | Does not include 50,686 unvested RSUs awarded to Mr. Davis. |
(5) | Does not include 29,110 unvested RSUs awarded to Mr. Feygin. |
38 | CHENIERE |
OWNERS OF MORE THAN FIVE PERCENT OF OUTSTANDING STOCK
(6) | Does not include 64,611 unvested RSUs awarded to Mr. Grindal. |
(7) | Does not include 29,229 unvested RSUs awarded to Mr. Markowitz. |
(8) | The number of shares set forth for Mr. Stephenson are based on the Form 4 filed on December 5, 2022 for Mr. Stephenson. Mr. Stephenson ceased to be employed by the Company on March 2, 2023 and is no longer required to report his holdings in the Company’s or Cheniere Energy Partners, L.P.’s securities pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Securities Act. |
(9) | Excludes shares owned by Mr. Stephenson, who was no longer an executive officer of the Company on the Record Date, and Ms. Gray, who was not a director on the Record Date. |
OWNERS OF MORE THAN FIVE PERCENT OF OUTSTANDING STOCK
The following table shows the beneficial owners known by us to own more than five percent of shares of common stock of the Company as of the Record Date.
COMMON STOCK | ||||||||
NAME AND ADDRESS OF BENEFICIAL OWNER |
AMOUNT AND NATURE OF BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP |
PERCENT OF CLASS |
||||||
The Vanguard Group 100 Vanguard Blvd. Malvern, PA 19355 |
23,622,525 | (1) | 9.70 | % | ||||
BlackRock, Inc. 55 East 52nd Street New York, NY 10055 |
21,402,523 | (2) | 8.79 | % |
(1) | Information is based solely on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 9, 2023 by The Vanguard Group. The Vanguard Group has shared voting power over 294,555 shares of common stock, sole dispositive power over 23,010,966 shares of common stock and shared dispositive power over 611,559 shares of common stock. |
(2) | Information is based solely on a Schedule 13G/A filed with the SEC on February 3, 2023 by BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock, Inc. has sole voting power over 19,583,856 shares of common stock and sole dispositive power over 21,402,523 shares of common stock. |
All information provided in the “Owners of More than Five Percent of Outstanding Stock” table with respect to the above entities is based solely on information set forth in their respective Schedule 13D/A, Schedule 13G/A and Schedule 13G filings with the SEC, as applicable. This information may not be accurate or complete, and Cheniere takes no responsibility therefor and makes no representation as to its accuracy or completeness.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
39 |
COMPENSATION
DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
This Compensation Discussion and Analysis (“CD&A”) describes the material elements of the compensation of our Named Executive Officers (“NEOs”), including factors considered in making compensation decisions. Our NEOs for fiscal year 2022 were the following individuals:
JACK A. FUSCO DIRECTOR, PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER |
ZACH DAVIS EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT |
ANATOL EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF COMMERCIAL OFFICER |
SEAN N. MARKOWITZ EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT, CHIEF LEGAL OFFICER AND CORPORATE SECRETARY |
AARON SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT, OPERATIONS SUPPORT |
This CD&A is organized as follows:
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 |
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PAGE 40
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2 | Executive Compensation
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PAGE 45
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3 | Components of Our Executive
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PAGE 46
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4 | Executive
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PAGE 56
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5 |
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PAGE 59
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6 |
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PAGE 60
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7 |
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PAGE 61
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ABOUT OUR BUSINESS
Cheniere Energy, Inc. (“Cheniere”) is a Houston-based energy infrastructure company primarily engaged in LNG-related businesses, and the leading producer and exporter of LNG in the United States. We provide clean, secure and affordable LNG to integrated energy companies, utilities and energy trading companies around the world. Our primary business strategy is to be a full-service LNG provider to worldwide end-use customers, with capabilities that include gas procurement and transportation, liquefaction, vessel chartering, and LNG delivery.
We own and operate the Sabine Pass LNG terminal in Cameron Parish, Louisiana at Sabine Pass, one of the largest LNG production facilities in the world, which has natural gas liquefaction facilities consisting of six operational Trains, with Train 6 having achieved substantial completion on February 4, 2022, for a total operational production capacity of approximately 30 mtpa of LNG (the “SPL Project”). We also own and operate the Corpus Christi LNG terminal near Corpus Christi, Texas, which has natural gas liquefaction facilities consisting of three operational Trains for a total operational production capacity of approximately 15 mtpa of LNG (the “CCL Project”).
40 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Additionally, we are constructing an expansion of the Corpus Christi LNG terminal (the “Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project” and together with the SPL Project and CCL Project, the “Liquefaction Projects”) for up to seven midscale Trains with an expected total operational production capacity of over 10 mtpa of LNG. In June 2022, our Board of Directors (“Board”) made a positive final investment decision (“FID”) with respect to the Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project and issued a full notice to proceed to Bechtel effective June 16, 2022. In September 2022, certain of our subsidiaries entered the pre-filing review process with the FERC under the National Environmental Policy Act for an expansion adjacent to the CCL Project consisting of two midscale Trains with an expected total production capacity of approximately 3 mtpa of LNG (“CCL Midscale Trains 8 and 9”), and in February 2023, certain of our subsidiaries initiated the pre-filing review process with the FERC under the National Environmental Policy Act for an expansion adjacent to the SPL Project consisting of up to three Trains with an expected total production capacity of approximately 20 mtpa of LNG (the “SPL Expansion”). The development of CCL Midscale Trains 8 and 9 and the SPL Expansion or other projects, including infrastructure projects in support of natural gas supply and LNG demand, will require, among other things, acceptable commercial and financing arrangements before we make a positive FID. We are also pursuing liquefaction expansion opportunities and other projects along the LNG value chain.
Liquefaction Projects Underpinned by Long-Term Contracts
Our long-term customer agreements form the foundation of our business and provide us with significant, stable, long-term take-or-pay style cash flows. We have contracted substantially all of our anticipated production capacity under LNG sale and purchase agreements (“SPAs”), in which our customers are generally required to pay a fixed fee with respect to the contracted volumes irrespective of their election to cancel or suspend deliveries of LNG cargoes, and under integrated production marketing (“IPM”) agreements, in which the gas producer sells natural gas to us on a global LNG index price, less a fixed liquefaction fee, shipping and other costs. Through our SPAs and IPM agreements, we have contracted approximately 95% of the total anticipated production from the Liquefaction Projects through the mid-2030s, inclusive of contracts executed to support additional liquefaction capacity at the Corpus Christi LNG terminal beyond the Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project, and extending as far as 2050. Excluding contracts with terms less than 10 years and contracts executed to support additional liquefaction capacity at the Corpus Christi LNG terminal beyond the Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project, our SPAs and IPM agreements had approximately 17 years of weighted average remaining life as of December 31, 2022.
For the volumes not contracted by our project level subsidiaries, we have an integrated marketing function that has access to the excess LNG available from the Liquefaction Projects, and has, and continues to develop, a portfolio of long-, medium- and short-term SPAs. Our management team creates value for our shareholders through diligent development (including commercialization), construction and operation of these facilities, the achievement of ambitious key milestones and disciplined capital allocation. The Compensation Committee (the “Compensation Committee”) of the Board of the Company considers progress against these goals when it designs Cheniere’s executive compensation program for our NEOs.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
41 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
2022 PERFORMANCE AND STRATEGIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS
2022 was another record-setting year for our company, further reinforcing the power of the Cheniere platform. Throughout the year, we continued to achieve significant milestones across the organization, including financially, operationally and commercially:
ACHIEVED RECORD FINANCIAL RESULTS
Record Revenue of >$33 billion and Net Income of $1.4 billion
Exceeded high end of Full Year 2022 Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA & Distributable Cash Flow Guidance
Increased midpoint of Full Year 2022 Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA & Distributable Cash Flow Guidance by ~$5 billion during the year |
|
“20/20 VISION” LONG-TERM CAPITAL ALLOCATION PLAN
Solidify Long-Term Investment Grade Balance Sheet targeting ~4x run-rate leverage
Fund financially disciplined growth with potential for up to ~90 mtpa liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) platform
Return capital to shareholders through 20% increase to quarterly dividend & targeting ~10% annual growth rate through mid-2020s, & $4 billion upsize of share repurchase program for 3 years
Repaid >$5.4 billion of long-term indebtedness, achieved Investment Grade ratings throughout the Cheniere complex & repurchased ~$1.4 billion of common shares in 2022
|
|
SEAMLESS LNG OPERATIONS & BEST IN CLASS SAFETY
Exported 638 cargoes & produced >2,300 tbtu, representing ~11% of global LNG produced in 2022
Answered global call for reliable, flexible LNG supply with ~70% of our volume delivered to Europe
Signed >180 million tonnes of aggregate volumes of long-term contracts extending as far as 2050
Record low Total Reportable Incident Rate (TRIR) of 0.05
>93% utilization rate in 2022 vs. ~80% global average1 |
|
WORLD-CLASS LNG DEVELOPMENT AND EXECUTION
Sabine Pass Train 6 achieved substantial completion over a year in advance of guaranteed completion
Achieved substantial completion of third berth at Sabine Pass, providing increased operational flexibility
Corpus Christi Stage 3 FID & early construction progress ahead of plan
Initiated permitting process for Corpus Christi Midscale Trains 8 & 9 |
* | For a definition of Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and Distributable Cash Flow and a reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to net income (loss), the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, please see Appendix C. |
1 | Global utilization average per International Gas Union. Cheniere utilization reflects 2022 feed gas processed / production capacity. |
Strategic
• | In September 2022, certain of our subsidiaries entered the pre-filing review process with the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (“FERC”) under the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”) for an expansion adjacent to the CCL Project, consisting of two midscale trains with an expected total production capacity of approximately 3 mtpa of LNG. |
• | On June 15, 2022, the Board made a positive FID with respect to the Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project for up to seven midscale trains with an expected total operational production capacity of over 10 mtpa of LNG. We issued a full notice to proceed with construction to Bechtel effective June 16, 2022. |
42 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
• | We entered into the following agreements: |
• | We entered into new or amended long-term LNG SPAs aggregating approximately 140 million tonnes of LNG to be delivered between 2026 and 2050, inclusive of long-term SPAs with Engie SA, Equinor ASA, Chevron, POSCO International Corporation, PetroChina International Company Limited and PTT Global LNG Company Limited, approximately 50 million tonnes of which is subject to Cheniere making a final investment decision to construct additional liquefaction capacity at the Corpus Christi LNG terminal beyond the seven-train Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project or us unilaterally waiving that requirement. |
• | In May 2022, we entered into an IPM agreement with ARC Resources U.S. Corp, a subsidiary of ARC Resources, Ltd., to purchase 140,000 MMBtu per day of natural gas at a price based on Platts Japan Korea Marker (“JKM”), for a term of approximately 15 years commencing with commercial operations of Train 7 of the Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project. |
• | In February 2022, we amended the IPM agreement previously entered into with EOG Resources, Inc., extending the term to 2040 and tripling the volume of LNG associated with the natural gas supply to 2.55 mtpa. |
Operational
• | As of February 17, 2023, approximately 2,650 cumulative LNG cargoes totaling over 180 million tonnes of LNG have been produced, loaded and exported from the CCL Project and the SPL Project (together with the CCL Project, the “Liquefaction Projects”). |
• | On October 27, 2022, substantial completion of the third berth at the Sabine Pass terminal was achieved. |
• | On February 4, 2022, substantial completion of Train 6 of the SPL Project was achieved approximately a year ahead of schedule. |
• | For full year 2022, approximately 7.9 million hours of labor were completed with a Total Recordable Incident Rate (employees and contractors combined) of 0.05, a record for the Company and well within the top quartile of our industry. |
Financial
• | For full year 2022, we generated: |
• | Revenue of approximately $33.4 billion and Net Income of approximately $1.4 billion. |
• | Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA of approximately $11.6 billion, an increase of approximately 138% over full year 2021 and exceeding the high end of the latest guidance range. |
• | Distributable Cash Flow of approximately $8.7 billion, an increase of approximately 332% over full year 2021 and exceeding the high end of the latest guidance range. |
• | In September 2022, our Board approved a revised comprehensive, long-term capital allocation plan which included: |
• | increasing the share repurchase authorization by $4.0 billion for an additional 3 years, beginning on October 1, 2022; |
• | lowering our consolidated long-term leverage target to approximately 4.0x; |
• | increasing our dividend by 20% commencing with a declared dividend of $0.395 per common share in September 2022 (paid in November 2022), and targeting an approximate 10% annual dividend growth rate through the completion of Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project construction; and |
• | continuing to invest in accretive organic growth. |
• | We accomplished the following pursuant to our capital allocation priorities: |
• | During 2022, we prepaid over $5.4 billion of consolidated long-term indebtedness. |
• | During 2022, we repurchased over 9.3 million shares of our common stock for approximately $1.4 billion. |
• | In the aggregate, we paid dividends of $1.385 per share of common stock during the year ended December 31, 2022. |
• | Throughout 2022, the Cheniere complex received 11 distinct upgrades to the credit ratings of its entities by the ratings agencies, including the first investment grade ratings for Cheniere and our consolidated subsidiary, Cheniere Energy Partners, L.P. (“Cheniere Partners”). The achievement of investment grade ratings is a priority of our “20/20 Vision” capital allocation plan announced in September. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
43 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY
Climate Strategy
We believe it is critical to develop future climate goals and strategies based on an accurate and holistic assessment of the emissions profile of our LNG business, accounting for all steps in the supply chain. Our climate strategy focuses on science and transparent collaboration along our supply chain to measure our greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions and to identify strategic and cost-effective opportunities to mitigate those GHG emissions. Measuring and mitigating our emissions can improve the climate benefits of Cheniere’s LNG and continue to demonstrate its long-term role as a reliable and flexible form of energy that supports a lower-carbon future. Accordingly, we have launched evidence-based measurement, collaboration and mitigation efforts with our suppliers and customers on emissions—both upstream and downstream of our facilities—with the shared goal of improving environmental performance by focusing on emissions measurement and mitigation, as well as management of climate risk.
2022 Environmental, Social and Governance Highlights
Our 2022 environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) highlights include:
• | In October 2022, we announced that we joined the Oil and Gas Methane Partnership (“OGMP”) 2.0, the United Nations Environment Programme’s flagship oil and gas methane emissions reporting and mitigation initiative. OGMP 2.0 is a comprehensive, measurement-based reporting framework intended to improve the accuracy and transparency of methane emissions reporting in the oil and gas sector. |
• | In October 2022, the Board appointed a new member, Brian E. Edwards, following the departure of David B. Kilpatrick, who had served as a member of the Board since 2003, and in 2023 nominated Denise Gray to fill the Board seat being vacated by Vicky Bailey, who has served as a member of the Board since 2006, further demonstrating the Board’s commitment to continued refreshment of its members. |
• | In June 2022, we commenced providing Cargo Emissions Tags (“CE Tags”) to our long-term customers. CE Tags provide customers with estimated greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions data associated with each LNG cargo produced at our liquefaction facilities and are provided for both free-on-board (“FOB”) and delivered ex-ship (“DES”) LNG cargoes. |
• | In April 2022, we announced our collaboration with multiple natural gas midstream companies, methane detection technology providers and leading academic institutions to implement quantification, monitoring, reporting and verification (“QMRV”) of GHG emissions at natural gas gathering, processing, transmission, and storage systems specific to Cheniere’s supply chain, in order to improve the overall understanding of GHG emissions and further the deployment of advanced monitoring technologies and protocols. |
• | In 2022, we partnered with Texas Southern University to engage directly with students attending Historically Black Colleges and Universities in our communities as part of our $1 million commitment to promoting diversity, equity and inclusion (“DEI”) in the areas where we work and live. This partnership builds upon the Cheniere Thurgood Marshall College Fund scholarship program that we introduced in 2021. |
• | During 2022, the Cheniere team supported our communities with over 15,000 hours of volunteering, $5.6 million of direct giving and over $200,000 of matching and in-kind gifts. |
Recognition
In 2022, Cheniere received the following scores and recognition:
• | MSCI: AA (on a scale of AAA-CCC) in the MSCI ESG Ratings assessment |
• | Sustainalytics: ESG Risk Rating of 22.8, considered a medium-risk assessment |
• | Just Capital: recognized Cheniere as a JUST 100 leader in 2023, designated as #1 in the Energy Equipment & Services category and #93 overall out of 951 of the world’s largest publicly traded companies |
• | 2022 Platts Global Energy Award Winner—Energy Transition Award—LNG for our CE Tags initiative |
44 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
COMPENSATION GOVERNANCE PRACTICES
The Board and the Compensation Committee are committed to implementing compensation governance best practices that further strengthen the alignment of our compensation program with our shareholders’ interests, which include the following:
• | Clear, direct link between pay and performance |
• | Majority of incentive awards earned based on performance |
• | No hedging or “short sales” of Company stock |
• | No pledging of Company stock as collateral for a loan or holding Company stock in margin accounts |
• | Robust stock ownership guidelines |
• | No defined benefit retirement plan or supplemental executive retirement plan |
• | Robust compensation risk management program |
• | Non-employee director equity compensation limits |
• | Minimum vesting schedule for long-term incentive awards of at least 12 months, subject to limited exceptions |
• | No material perquisites |
• | Solicit annual advisory vote on executive compensation |
• | Annually review the independence of the compensation consultant retained by the Compensation Committee |
Shareholder Outreach—Compensation
The Board and management are committed to a compensation program that is aligned with shareholder interests, and the Company proactively engages with shareholders regarding compensation as a matter of strategic priority. Over the years, shareholder input has significantly contributed to the evolution of our compensation program.
Ahead of our 2022 Annual Meeting, members of our Board and senior management proactively led engagements with shareholders representing more than 50% of our outstanding common stock, as well as proxy advisory firms, through in-person, video and telephonic meetings.
SHAREHOLDER ENGAGEMENT
>50% of outstanding shares represented |
|
2022 SAY-ON-PAY
Over 90% Support
|
At our 2022 Annual Meeting, our say-on-pay proposal received support from shareholders owning over 90% of the shares represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on the matter, evidence of the broad-based support of the Compensation Committee and our compensation program from our shareholders.
We intend to continue our proactive and constructive shareholder engagement efforts going forward and to consider shareholder input or recommendations with respect to our compensation program design and practices. We will continue to evaluate our compensation programs and incorporate shareholder outreach as a standard business practice in the future. We are committed to maintaining an open dialogue with our shareholders to ensure the successful evolution of our executive compensation program.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY & OBJECTIVES
PHILOSOPHY AND OBJECTIVES
We are committed to maintaining a compensation philosophy that is consistent, competitive and conventional when reviewed against our peers. The Board and the Compensation Committee remain committed to a pay-for-performance compensation
structure that aligns our executive compensation with the key drivers of long-term growth and creation of shareholder value. Our executive compensation programs and objectives are designed to ensure that we attract, retain and motivate executives with the talent and experience necessary for us to achieve our strategic business plan, while still remaining commensurate with our peers.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
45 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
As the first mover in our industry, we face fierce competition for our executive officers and key employees throughout the organization due to the limited pool of talent with the set of skills needed to run a first mover LNG company with a global scope. Trains 1 through 4 of the SPL Project were the first large-scale liquefaction facilities to have been constructed and placed in service in the U.S. lower 48 states, and Trains 1 and 2 of the CCL Project are the first liquefaction trains constructed and placed in service at a greenfield liquefaction facility in the lower 48. As of the end of 2022, there were five LNG projects in the U.S. that have reached the operations phase, other than Cheniere’s SPL Project and CCL Project. Additionally, there are three projects under construction in the U.S., including Cheniere’s Corpus Christi Stage 3 Project. There are approximately 50 additional projects outside of North America under various stages of development.
In connection with our status as a market leader, our annual compensation structure is based on the following principles:
• | NEO compensation is primarily performance-based. We believe such an incentive structure creates appropriate motivation for our executive officers and aligns their compensation with the performance of our Company and value created for shareholders. We will continue to balance our LTI program to address performance accountability, long-term stock ownership and talent retention issues in the current environment. |
• | Annual cash bonus incentive metrics are tied to specific financial, operating, safety, ESG and strategic goals. We believe close alignment between our compensation goals and our business strategy is critical to driving performance to be measured against our key milestones and metrics. |
• | Significant long-term compensation is linked to financial performance and growth metrics. We believe our executive officers’ compensation should be closely linked to the creation of value for our shareholders over the long run. As such, the majority of their compensation is and should be at risk and directly tied to corporate outperformance over longer time horizons. In addition to the long-term performance risk, our executive officers are also subject to continued employment requirements for the vesting of their long-term compensation. |
2022 COMPENSATION HIGHLIGHTS
During 2022, the Compensation Committee and Board continued to monitor market conditions and address feedback from stakeholders and our compensation consultant. Key outcomes and developments included:
• | The annual incentive plan generated an above-target payout for our NEOs based upon the Company’s 2022 performance across multiple financial, operating, safety and strategic metrics. |
• | Performance share units awarded in 2020 also generated an above-target payout for our NEOs based upon the Company’s performance across the performance metrics of cumulative Distributable Cash Flow per share and Absolute Total Shareholder Return over the 2020-2022 period. |
• | In February 2022, the Board approved our 2022 annual performance scorecard which included new ESG-related metrics and milestones that represented 30% of the scorecard, illustrating our Company-wide commitment to these important issues. |
During 2022, members of our Board and senior management engaged with shareholders holding more than 50% of our outstanding common stock and with proxy advisory firms, with dialogue on the Company’s executive compensation program being an important part of these engagements. We are committed to maintaining an open dialogue with our shareholders to ensure the successful evolution of our executive compensation program going forward.
COMPONENTS OF OUR EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PROGRAM
The primary components of our executive compensation program, as applied to our 2022 Named Executive Officers, are as follows:
TYPE |
PURPOSE | |
Base Salary |
Provide a minimum, fixed level of cash compensation to compensate executives for services rendered during the fiscal year. | |
Annual Incentive Program |
Drive achievement of annual corporate goals including key financial, operating, safety and strategic goals that create value for shareholders. | |
LTI Program |
Align executive officers’ interests with the interests of shareholders by rewarding sustained financial performance and growth through a multi-year performance period. |
46 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY & OBJECTIVES
The following pie charts illustrate the pay mix of our CEO and the average pay mix of our other NEOs for 2022, assuming target performance.
BASE SALARY
Base salaries provide the fixed compensation necessary to attract and retain key executives. The base salaries of our NEOs are designed to be comparable to positions in the marketplace from which we recruit executive talent. The Compensation Committee referenced competitive ranges of base salary across the oil and gas industry and companies of comparable enterprise value in determining 2022 base salaries for our NEOs. See “Peer Group” on page 58 of this Proxy Statement for details regarding the external market data referenced by the Compensation Committee in making decisions regarding base salaries and other compensation elements.
In February 2023, the Compensation Committee reviewed the base salaries of our NEOs and recommended and the Board approved changes in the annual base salaries of certain of our NEOs, effective February 27, 2023. The following table provides the base salaries as in effect at the end of 2022 and for 2023 of our NEOs.
2022 and 2023 Base Salaries
|
||||||||||
2022 ANNUAL BASE SALARY |
2023 ANNUAL BASE SALARY |
|||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer |
$ |
1,500,000 |
|
$ |
1,600,000 |
| |||
Zach Davis |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
$ |
650,000 |
|
$ |
725,000 |
| |||
Anatol Feygin |
Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer |
$ |
660,000 |
|
$ |
700,000 |
| |||
Corey Grindal(1) |
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
900,000 |
| |||
Sean N. Markowitz |
Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary |
$ |
675,000 |
|
$ |
700,000 |
| |||
Aaron Stephenson(2) |
Senior Vice President, Operations Support and Development |
$ |
575,000 |
|
$ |
— |
|
(1) | Mr. Grindal previously served as Executive Vice President, Worldwide Trading prior to his promotion on January 2, 2023 to Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, at which time he became an executive officer. |
(2) | Mr. Stephenson ceased serving as an executive officer on January 2, 2023. |
ANNUAL INCENTIVE PROGRAM
The Board and the Compensation Committee are committed to a pay-for-performance compensation structure that aligns our executive compensation with the key drivers of long-term growth and creation of shareholder value. We believe that close alignment between our compensation goals and our business strategy is critical to driving performance to be measured against our key metrics and objectives. Consistent with our compensation philosophy and in response to feedback from our shareholders, the Compensation Committee utilizes a scorecard approach to determining annual cash bonuses.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
47 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
The following key features are included in the scorecard:
• | Individual bonus targets based on competitive benchmarks; |
• | Quantitative performance goals in the following areas of performance: financial, budget management, safety and operational effectiveness; |
• | Qualitative component based on identified strategic goals and ESG accomplishments; and |
• | Available adjustments for exceptional individual performance. |
Target Incentive Opportunities. The Compensation Committee reviews the target annual incentive opportunities for each of our NEOs annually, and may adjust the targets based on competitive positioning, internal parity, or other relevant factors. For 2022, the Compensation Committee approved individual annual incentive targets which are reflected in the table below titled “NEOs Annual Incentive Award for 2022.”
Performance Goals. The 2022 scorecard provided that 45% of the bonus opportunity was determined based on performance measures using multiple financial, budget management and operational effectiveness measures, and 55% was determined based upon achievement of strategic goals and ESG accomplishments, including safety, because the Compensation Committee believes that each of those areas is a key driver of the Company’s annual performance and, ultimately, long-term success.
For 2022, the Compensation Committee set the target performance goals in November 2021. As a result of the Company’s growth, the Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA target was increased by over 50% as compared to 2021. In connection with the anticipated substantial completion of Train 6 of the SPL Project in February 2022, the target for asset production was increased by approximately 12% from 2021, with an associated approximately 9% increase in Adjusted O&M expense. More robust metrics were added for ESG goals, with additional focus on CE Tag initiation, QMRV and DEI initiatives. We continued to emphasize our commitment to a culture of compliance with laws and regulations as well as a top-tier safety achievement with respective dedicated scorecard metrics.
Process for Measuring Performance. Performance below the “threshold” level results in no payout earned for the applicable performance goal. If performance falls between the “threshold” and “target” or “target” and “stretch” levels, then the achievement level under the scorecard is determined using straight line interpolation. Once the achievement level under the scorecard is calculated based on actual performance as compared to the goals set forth above, the Compensation Committee has the discretion to reduce or increase the payouts to the extent it determined appropriate to reflect each NEO’s performance during the year.
Actual payout |
= | Base salary |
x | Target bonus (%) |
x | Performance score (%) |
+/- | Individual performance adjustment (if any) |
48 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY & OBJECTIVES
2022 Performance Results. The scorecard table below shows the level of achievement in 2022 for each of the performance goals and the resulting weighted percentage of target that was earned as a result of 2022 performance. The scorecard reflects the Company’s record performance in 2022, achieving above the target level in almost all of the performance measures. We increased our financial guidance throughout 2022 and exceeded the high end of the final guidance for 2022. Operationally, both the SPL Project and CCL Project realized production outperformance due to maintenance optimization and better reliability, allowing for capitalization on the sustained higher margin environmental via incremental open cargoes. We firmed up additional long term open LNG capacity by contracting for the full commercialization of Corpus Christi Stage 3, as well as additional expansion beyond Stage 3. From a growth and ESG perspective, in June 2022 we reached FID on Corpus Christi Stage 3 and commenced providing our CE Tags to our long-term customers. We implemented a robust QMRV program in collaboration with our natural gas suppliers, shipping companies and our Liquefaction Projects, as well as academic institutions, and maintained our focus on safety and achieved a total recordable incident rate of 0.05, a Company record and well within the top quartile of the industry. We also successfully progressed our DEI initiatives, as well as our regulatory and compliance goals. Overall, the Company’s achievements in 2022 resulted in a total weighted average under the scorecard of 190% of target, as shown below:
METRIC |
THRESHOLD (50% OF TARGET) |
TARGET | STRETCH (200% OF TARGET) |
WEIGHT | 2022 ACTUAL | % ACHIEVEMENT | ||||||
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA ($ millions):1 |
$5,600 |
$6,100 |
$7,100 |
$11,563 |
||||||||
• Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, excl. commodity margin ($ millions) |
$4,100 |
$4,200 |
$4,300 |
25% |
$5,496 |
200% | ||||||
• Commodity margin ($ millions) |
$1,500 |
$1,900 |
$2,800 |
5% |
$6,067 |
200% | ||||||
Budget Management: |
||||||||||||
• Adjusted SG&A Expense1 ($ millions) |
$219 | $208 | $198 | 5% | $197 | 200% | ||||||
Operational Effectiveness |
||||||||||||
• Asset Production (TBtu) |
2,158 |
2,223 |
2,242 |
10% |
2,287 |
200% | ||||||
• Adjusted O&M Expense1 ($ millions) |
$1,579 |
$1,446 |
$1,373 |
10% |
$1,378 |
193% | ||||||
Strategic: |
||||||||||||
• FID Stage 3 in 2022 |
Subject to Compensation Committee Discretion |
10% |
16-Jun-22 |
200% | ||||||||
• Firm up additional long term open LNG capacity starting in 2022 |
Subject to Compensation Committee Discretion |
5% |
200% | |||||||||
ESG: |
||||||||||||
Environmental |
||||||||||||
• CE Tags Initiation |
31-Dec-22 |
30-Sep-22 |
30-Jun-22 |
5% |
June |
200% | ||||||
• QMRV at CCL, SPL and ships |
1 of 3 |
2 of 3 |
3 of 3 |
5% |
3 of 3 |
200% | ||||||
Social |
||||||||||||
• Safety (TRIR)2 |
0.59 |
0.26 |
0.20 |
10% |
0.05 |
200% | ||||||
• Progress DEI Initiatives |
Subject to Compensation Committee Discretion |
5% |
100% | |||||||||
Governance |
||||||||||||
• Regulatory / Compliance |
Subject to Compensation Committee Discretion |
5% |
125% | |||||||||
Weighted Average |
190% |
(1) | For definitions of Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted SG&A Expense and Adjusted O&M Expense and a reconciliation of Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, please see Appendix C. |
(2) | “TRIR” is the “Total Recordable Incident Rate,” which is calculated as the number of recordable injuries multiplied by 200,000 and then divided by the number of hours worked. |
Based in part on the recommendations of Mr. Fusco, the Compensation Committee approved and recommended to the Board for approval the final annual incentive award payouts for each of the NEOs other than Mr. Fusco. The Compensation Committee approved and recommended to the Board for approval the final annual incentive award payout to Mr. Fusco. In evaluating our NEOs’ performance during 2022, the Compensation Committee considered each NEO’s specific contribution to our Company’s key achievements, including those discussed under “Compensation Discussion and Analysis—2022 Performance and Developments” and towards achieving the quantitative and strategic measures in the scorecard.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
49 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
Based on 2022 Company and individual performance results, the Compensation Committee recommended and the Board approved annual incentive awards to the NEOs for 2022 as follows:
NEOs Annual Incentive Award for 2022
|
||||||||||||||||||
NAMED EXECUTIVE | TITLE | TARGET ANNUAL INCENTIVE (% OF BASE SALARY) |
TARGET ANNUAL INCENTIVE |
SCORECARD DETERMINED ANNUAL INCENTIVE (190% OF TARGET) |
EARNED ANNUAL INCENTIVE |
|||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
150 |
% |
$ |
2,250,000 |
|
$ |
4,275,000 |
|
$ |
4,500,000 |
||||||
Zach Davis |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
|
100 |
% |
$ |
650,000 |
|
$ |
1,235,000 |
|
$ |
1,482,000 |
||||||
Anatol Feygin |
Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer |
|
100 |
% |
$ |
660,000 |
|
$ |
1,254,000 |
|
$ |
1,504,800 |
||||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary | 100 | % | $ | 675,000 | $ | 1,282,500 | $ | 1,539,000 | |||||||||
Aaron Stephenson |
Senior Vice President, Operations Support and Development |
|
100 |
% |
$ |
575,000 |
|
$ |
1,092,500 |
|
$ |
1,311,000 |
Under the terms of the Annual Incentive Program, determination of an individual’s annual incentive award is based on both scorecard results and individual performance. The Compensation Committee considered each NEO’s individual impact on corporate results in 2022, and, as a result of our industry leading safety performance and culture, incredible operating performance, exceptional commercial results, and outstanding financial performance, individual performance adjustments of 120% were applied to the annual incentive award for each of our NEOs, with the exception of the CEO who received an adjustment up to his 2022 annual bonus cap of 200% of target.
LONG-TERM INCENTIVE AWARDS
LTI program awards accomplish several important objectives: (i) they motivate sustained performance against our long-term objectives; (ii) they align executives with shareholder interests by rewarding long-term value creation; and (iii) they help retain employees who are in high demand elsewhere.
LTI Program
The Compensation Committee believes that the LTI program delivers a consistent, competitive and conventional approach to delivering long-term incentives. Equity grants align our NEOs’ interests with the interests of shareholders by rewarding sustained long-term value creation and enable us to attract and retain highly qualified individuals for important positions throughout the Company. In connection with the solidification of our position as a top-tier LNG operator, the Compensation Committee added Absolute Total Shareholder Return (“ATSR”) as an additional metric under the LTI program for PSU grants in 2019. We believe that this feature further aligns our LTI program with that of our peers, and that the ATSR metric and the previously existing distributable cash flow metric require important absolute performance achievements, despite favorable or unfavorable market conditions, to earn the awarded long-term incentives.
The key attributes in the Company’s NEO LTI program are described below:
• Grants will be made on an annual basis with a minimum of a 1-year vesting period |
• Grants will consist of a mix of at least 50% PSUs for executive officers with the remainder consisting of RSUs ¡ PSUs: 3-year cliff vesting (performance and service-based) ¡ RSUs: 3-year ratable vesting (service-based) • The 2022 and 2023 LTI Awards to executive officers were a mix of 50% PSUs and 50% RSUs. |
• PSUs will include one or more performance metrics, with the actual number of shares earned to be between 0% and 300%, providing for a cap on payouts ¡ PSUs will vest upon certification by the Compensation Committee of the level of achievement of the performance conditions during the performance period • The outstanding LTI Awards to executive officers included two performance metrics (cumulative Distributable Cash Flow per share and total shareholder return) |
• Equity award grants to executives will include clawback provisions |
50 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY & OBJECTIVES
2022 LTI Awards
In February 2022, the Compensation Committee recommended and the Board approved long-term incentive awards as part of the Company’s LTI program for each of the named executive officers of the Company.
2022 LTI Awards (approved in February 2022) for NEOs
|
||||||||||||||||||
NAME |
TITLE |
TARGET |
TARGET |
RSUs |
TARGET PSUs |
|||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
933 |
% |
$ |
14,000,000 |
|
|
65,056 |
|
|
65,056 |
| |||||
Zach Davis |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
|
500 |
% |
$ |
3,250,000 |
|
|
15,103 |
|
|
15,103 |
| |||||
Anatol Feygin |
Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer |
|
500 |
% |
$ |
3,300,000 |
|
|
15,335 |
|
|
15,335 |
| |||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary |
|
500 |
% |
$ |
3,375,000 |
|
|
15,684 |
|
|
15,684 |
| |||||
Aaron Stephenson |
Senior Vice President, Operations Support and Development |
|
400 |
% |
$ |
2,300,000 |
|
|
10,688 |
|
|
10,688 |
|
The target values for our NEOs’ 2022 long-term incentive awards increased as compared to 2021 as a result of the evaluation of competitive market data, as well as internal pay equity and the continued growth in role for several of our NEOs, as follows: the number of RSUs and Target PSUs awarded to Mr. Fusco increased from a target of 700% of his base salary in 2021 to 933% of his base salary in 2022; the number of RSUs and Target PSUs awarded to Mr. Davis increased from a target of 350% of his base salary in 2021 to 500% of his base salary in 2022; the number of RSUs and Target PSUs awarded to Mr. Feygin increased from a target of 425% of his base salary in 2021 to 500% of his base salary in 2022; the number of RSUs and Target PSUs awarded to Mr. Markowitz increased from a target of 425% of his base salary in 2021 to 500% of his base salary in 2022; and the number of RSUs and Target PSUs awarded to Mr. Stephenson increased from a target of 350% of his base salary in 2021 to 400% of his base salary in 2022.
Key Terms of the RSUs and PSUs under the 2022 LTI Awards
The RSU awards vest in three equal installments. One third of the RSU awards vested on February 10, 2023, and one third will vest on each of February 10, 2024 and February 10, 2025. Each PSU award is expressed in terms of a target number of shares. The actual number of shares earned under the PSUs, between 0% and 300% of the target, will be determined based on the Company’s cumulative DCF per share and ATSR from January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2024 compared to pre-established performance targets. For a definition of cumulative distributable cash flow per share and total shareholder return in connection with the 2022 PSU awards, please see Appendix A. The PSU awards will vest upon certification by the Compensation Committee of the level of achievement of the performance conditions during the performance period, as illustrated below. The PSU award agreement provides for the settlement in cash of vested PSUs with a fair market value of $3,000,000 or less, with any remaining value above $3,000,000 to be settled in shares of the Company’s common stock or cash, at the discretion of the Compensation Committee.
In 2022, we increased the targets for our Distributable Cash Flow per share metric by approximately 79% compared to the previous year as a result of sustained higher margins, the anticipated accelerated substantial completion date for Train 6 of the SPL Project and the anticipated production from 9 trains for two full-years operation in 2023 and 2024. We assumed 100% of budget as our Target goal and 116% of budget as our Stretch goal.
Vesting is also subject to continued employment, with exceptions in some cases, including for a change-in-control or termination due to death or disability or retirement. Upon a “Change in Control” or a termination by the Company without “Cause” or by the award recipient for “Good Reason”, in each instance as defined in the PSU agreement and RSU agreement or the 2020 Plan, the RSU and PSU awards will be treated in accordance with the Severance Plan (as described below). Upon a termination due to death or disability, all of the RSUs and the target number of PSUs will vest in full immediately. Upon retirement, the RSU and PSU awards will be treated in accordance with the Cheniere Energy, Inc. Retirement Policy (as described below). Each vested RSU and PSU will be settled for one share of the Company’s common stock or cash, as applicable and described herein. PSU agreements also contain clawback provisions that apply during the recipient’s employment with the Company and for one year following termination of employment, and remain subject to any future clawback policy that may be put in place.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
51 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
ATSR Modifier
The ATSR modifier for PSU awards granted in 2022 and thereafter acts as a multiplier on earned DCF PSUs (up to +/-50%), as follows:
ATSR% (annual) |
ATSR Modifier* | |
15% or higher |
1.50x | |
10% |
1.25x | |
5% to -5% |
1.0x | |
-10% |
0.75x | |
-15% or lower |
0.50x |
* | Results between goal levels would be interpolated |
PSU Vesting and Performance Achievement (2020-2022 Awards)
The PSU awards granted in 2020, which relied on the performance metrics of cumulative DCF and ATSR, resulted in a 300% payout that vested in February 2023. In December 2022, the Board provided an election form to each officer of the Company who is required to file reports with the SEC pursuant to Section 16 of the Exchange Act to elect to settle all or a portion of their 2020 PSU award in cash; provided that the Company had sufficient liquidity at the time the awards were settled to do so. This optional change in settlement method was previously approved by the Compensation Committee and the Board in order to provide liquidity to NEOs while limiting dilution from equity grants, consistent with the Company’s share repurchase program under its long-term capital allocation plan. The overall achievement for the 2020 PSU awards was determined as follows:
Distributable Cash Flow
DCF for the 2020-2022 period totaled $48.95 / share, which resulted in a 200% achievement on the DCF metric.
Threshold (50%) | Target (100%) | Stretch (200%) | Actual | |||||||||||
2020-2022 DCF |
$12.22 /share | $16.58 /share | $18.10 /share | $48.95 / share |
ATSR Modifier
The ATSR modifier acts as a multiplier on earned DCF PSUs (up to +/-50%), as follows, for PSU awards granted in 2020 and 2021:
ATSR% (annual) |
ATSR Modifier* | |
15% or higher |
1.50x | |
10% |
1.25x | |
5% to 0% |
1.0x | |
-15% or lower |
0.50x |
* | Results between goal levels would be interpolated |
ATSR for the 2020-2022 period, determined in accordance with the table above, resulted in a 40.05% annualized return, well above the threshold for a 1.50x modifier.
45-day Average Share Price at Start |
45-day Average Share Price at End of Period |
Share Price Return of Reinvested Dividends |
45-day Average Share Price at End of Period + Dividend Return |
Change Over Period |
Annualized Return (Compounded) |
ATSR Factor Interpolated |
||||||||||||||||||
$61.12 |
$ |
165.82 |
|
$ |
2.06 |
|
$ |
167.88 |
|
|
174.7 |
% |
|
40.0 |
% |
|
1.50 |
|
RSU Cash Settlement
On December 28, 2022, the Company and each of the Company’s NEOs, other than the Senior Vice President, Operations Support and Development and the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (the “Electing Officers”), agreed to settle all of the restricted stock units held by the Electing Officer that were scheduled to vest in February 2023 in cash. Such cash settlement was conditioned on the Company having sufficient liquidity at the time the awards were settled and was limited to the extent necessary so that, immediately after giving effect to such settlement, each Electing Officer would own shares of the Company’s common stock with a value equal to at least two times the amount required to remain in compliance with the Company’s stock ownership guidelines as applied by the Board to such Electing Officer.
52 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY & OBJECTIVES
2023 LTI Awards
In February 2023, the Compensation Committee recommended and the Board approved long-term incentive awards as part of the Company’s LTI program for each of the executive officers of the Company.
2023 LTI Awards (approved in February 2023) for NEOs
|
||||||||||||||||||
NAME |
TITLE |
TARGET |
TARGET |
RSUs |
TARGET PSUs |
|||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
977 |
% |
$ |
15,630,000 |
|
|
51,012 |
|
|
51,012 |
| |||||
Zach Davis |
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |
|
500 |
% |
$ |
3,625,000 |
|
|
11,831 |
|
|
11,831 |
| |||||
Anatol Feygin |
Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer |
|
500 |
% |
$ |
3,500,000 |
|
|
11,423 |
|
|
11,423 |
| |||||
Corey Grindal(1) |
Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer |
|
500 |
% |
$ |
4,500,000 |
|
|
14,687 |
|
|
14,687 |
| |||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary |
|
500 |
% |
$ |
3,500,000 |
|
|
11,423 |
|
|
11,423 |
|
(1) | Mr. Grindal previously served as Executive Vice President, Worldwide Trading prior to his promotion in January 2023 to Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer. |
The number of RSUs and target PSUs awarded to Mr. Fusco increased from a target of 933% of his base salary in 2022 to 977% of his base salary in 2023 as a result of an analysis of peer group compensation in order to ensure market effectiveness.
Key Terms of the RSUs and PSUs under the 2023 LTI Awards
The RSU awards vest in three equal installments. One third of the RSU awards will vest on each of February 9, 2024, February 9, 2025, and February 9, 2026. Each PSU award is expressed in terms of a target number of shares. The actual number of shares earned under the PSUs, between 0% and 300% of the target, will be determined based on the Company’s cumulative distributable cash flow per share and total shareholder return from January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2025 compared to pre-established performance targets. For a definition of cumulative distributable cash flow per share and total shareholder return in connection with the 2023 PSU awards, please see Appendix B. The PSU awards will vest upon certification by the Compensation Committee of the level of achievement of the performance conditions during the performance period. The PSU award agreement provides for the settlement in cash of vested PSUs with a fair market value of $3,000,000 or less, with the Compensation Committee having discretion to grant recipients the opportunity to elect to receive all or a portion of any remaining value above $3,000,000 to be settled in either cash or shares of the Company’s common stock. The RSU award agreement provides discretion to the Compensation Committee to grant recipients the opportunity to elect to receive all or a portion of the vested RSUs in cash rather than shares.
The treatment of unvested 2023 LTI Awards on a termination of employment are the same as discussed above with respect to the 2022 LTI Awards.
COMPENSATORY ARRANGEMENTS
Compensatory Arrangement with President and CEO
In connection with the appointment of Jack A. Fusco as President and CEO, the Company and Mr. Fusco entered into an employment agreement dated as of May 12, 2016, as amended on August 15, 2019 and August 11, 2021.
Our employment agreement with Mr. Fusco provides for an annual base salary of $1,250,000, subject to increase at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. In 2019, the Compensation Committee reviewed our peer group and recommended an increase to Mr. Fusco’s base salary to $1,500,000, which did not subsequently increase for 2020, 2021 or 2022. In 2023, the Compensation Committee recommended an increase to Mr. Fusco’s base salary to $1,600,000 in light of various factors including competitive market data and the performance of the Company and Mr. Fusco.
Upon a termination of Mr. Fusco’s employment by the Company without cause, or by Mr. Fusco for good reason, Mr. Fusco will be entitled to receive, subject to his execution of a release of claims, (i) a cash severance payment equal to the sum of two times (or, if the termination of employment is within 12 months following a change-in-control, three times) the sum of Mr. Fusco’s annual base salary and annual target bonus; (ii) a pro-rata annual bonus for the year of termination based on actual performance of the Company; (iii) any earned but unpaid bonus for the preceding fiscal year; (iv) reimbursement of COBRA premiums for up to 18 months; and (v) continued vesting of any outstanding long-term incentive awards that are scheduled to vest within one year
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
53 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
following termination. If Mr. Fusco becomes eligible for severance pay under both the employment agreement and the Severance Plan (discussed below), then Mr. Fusco’s benefits will not be duplicated. Instead, the cash severance payable under the Severance Plan will be reduced by the cash severance payable under the employment agreement, Mr. Fusco will be entitled to the pro-rata bonus under either the employment agreement or Severance Plan (whichever is greater) and Mr. Fusco’s remaining long-term incentive awards (as determined in accordance with the employment agreement or Severance Plan, whichever is greater) will continue to vest in accordance with the terms of the employment agreement.
The employment agreement with Mr. Fusco was amended in 2019 to extend the term of the agreement and to update the scope of Mr. Fusco’s non-compete to reflect the Company’s current businesses. The amendment also revised the treatment of Mr. Fusco’s long-term incentive awards in the event that Mr. Fusco remains employed through the end of the term to provide that, if at the time that Mr. Fusco’s relationship with the Company concludes none of the conditions constituting “cause” under the Employment Agreement exist, then any outstanding long-term incentive awards will continue to vest in accordance with their terms. Mr. Fusco’s employment agreement was further amended in 2021 to extend the term from December 31, 2022 to March 31, 2024, and provide that the term will be extended automatically for consecutive periods of one year thereafter unless either party provides notice in accordance with the terms of the amendment. The 2021 amendment also provides that, if Mr. Fusco remains employed through the end of the term of his employment agreement following a notice of its nonrenewal, and, at the time that Mr. Fusco’s relationship with the Company concludes none of the conditions constituting “cause” exist, (i) Mr. Fusco will be eligible for a pro-rated bonus for the fiscal year of termination based on actual performance, and (ii) the Company will reimburse Mr. Fusco for COBRA premiums for himself and his dependents for up to 18-months following his termination date.
For additional details regarding Mr. Fusco’s employment agreement, please see “Severance Plan” below.
BENEFITS AND PERQUISITES
We provide a limited number of other benefits to our NEOs that make our total compensation program competitive with the market.
Benefits
We offer the same health, welfare and retirement plans to all of our U.S. employees and executive officers.
• | The Cheniere Retirement Plan is a tax-qualified 401(k) savings plan pursuant to which we match 100% up to the lesser of 6% of salary and bonus deferrals or the maximum deferrals permitted by law. |
• | We also offer all employees medical, dental and vision benefits and health and dependent care reimbursement arrangements. |
• | In addition, employees are covered by short-term and long-term disability, basic life insurance equal to two times base salary and voluntary life (elective) insurance and accidental death and dismemberment insurance. |
We do not offer a defined benefit pension plan or nonqualified deferred compensation plan to any of our employees or executive officers.
Our international employees have a similar benefits package, adjusted for the customary practices in each location.
Perquisites
Perquisites are not a significant part of our compensation program and are provided to the executive officers on a limited basis. Because our executive officers’ duties require them to spend a significant amount of time traveling, the Company occasionally pays for charter flights for business purposes. Our executive officers’ personal guests are permitted to fly with them on these flights on limited occasions at nominal or no incremental cost to the Company. Additionally, in 2022 Mr. Stephenson received access to corporate housing in Houston with a value of $95,177.
Termination and Change-in-Control Benefits
The Company maintains a Key Executive Severance Pay Plan, as amended and restated (the “Severance Plan”), that has been reviewed and approved by the Compensation Committee and Board, and a Retirement Policy, as amended and restated (the “Retirement Policy”), to provide certain severance and retirement benefit protections, including those associated with a change-in-control.
54 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PHILOSOPHY & OBJECTIVES
Severance Plan
The Severance Plan is intended to provide severance compensation benefits to the executive officers and other officers of the Company and its affiliates in the event of the termination of their employment under certain circumstances. Under the Severance Plan, our officers, including our CEO and other executive officers, are eligible for certain post-employment compensation and benefits, which vary depending upon whether a change-in-control or termination of employment occurs. The Severance Plan also provides certain compensation and benefits in the event of a change-in-control of the Company. To the extent of any overlap, severance benefits for which an officer may be eligible to receive under any employment agreement, and any amounts to which the officer would be eligible to receive under the Severance Plan would be reduced so that no officer receives duplicative benefits. Please see “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change-in-Control” on page 67 for additional information, and “Compensatory Arrangement with President and CEO” on page 53 of this Proxy Statement for details regarding the severance entitlements set forth in our CEO’s employment agreement.
Severance and Benefits in Connection with a Change-in-Control. With respect to each executive officer, upon the occurrence of a change-in-control, even absent a termination of employment, generally notwithstanding the provisions of any other benefit plan or agreement, and subject to certain conditions outlined in the Severance Plan:
• | all of the executive officer’s outstanding unvested equity awards, equity-based awards, annual awards and retention awards (collectively, “Incentive Awards”) which are time-based will automatically vest in full as of the date of the change-in-control; |
• | the executive officer’s outstanding unvested performance-based Incentive Awards that vest based on performance metrics other than total shareholder return (“TSR”) will vest as of the date of the change-in-control at the greater of (i) target level for such Incentive Award and (ii) actual performance for such Incentive Awards, determined by shortening the performance period to end on the date of the change-in-control, adjusting applicable performance metrics as necessary and appropriate, and determining level of achievement for such metrics based on the shortened period; and |
• | the executive officer’s outstanding unvested performance-based Incentive Awards that vest based on TSR will vest as of the date of the change-in-control based on actual TSR as of the date of the change-in-control. |
In the event that an executive officer’s employment is terminated within three months prior to or 24 months following a change-in-control and upon the occurrence of the executive’s termination of employment by us without cause, or by such executive for good reason, then such officer is entitled to receive, in addition to, but not duplicative of, benefits resulting from a pre-termination change-in-control, and subject to certain conditions outlined in the Severance Plan:
• | a lump sum payment within 60 days following termination in an amount equal to three times (in the case of the CEO) or two times (in the case of other executive officers) the sum of (a) the officer’s annual base salary in effect when the termination occurs and (b) the officer’s target annual cash bonus for the year of termination; plus |
• | a lump sum payment within 60 days following termination in an amount equal to the officer’s pro-rated target annual cash bonus for the year of termination; plus |
• | the officer’s unpaid annual cash bonus, if any, earned for the year prior to the year of termination; plus |
• | acceleration of vesting of all of the executive officer’s outstanding unvested time-based Incentive Awards; and the executive officer’s outstanding unvested performance-based Incentive Awards (a) that vest based on TSR will vest based on actual TSR as of the date of the change-in-control and (b) that vest based on performance metrics other than TSR will vest at the greater of (i) target level for such Incentive Award and (ii) actual performance for such Incentive Awards, determined by shortening the performance period to end on the date of the qualifying termination, adjusting applicable performance metrics as necessary and appropriate, and determining level of achievement for such metrics based on the shortened period. |
Severance and Benefits Not in Connection with a Change-in-Control. In the event that an executive officer’s employment is terminated by the officer for good reason or by us without cause, and not in connection with a change-in-control, as described above, then such officer is entitled to receive, subject to certain conditions outlined in the Severance Plan:
• | a lump sum payment within 60 days following termination in an amount equal to two times (in the case of the CEO) or 1.5 times (in the case of other executive officers) the sum of (a) the officer’s annual base salary in effect when the termination occurs and (b) the officer’s target annual cash bonus for the year of termination; plus |
• | a lump sum payment within 60 days following termination in an amount equal to the officer’s pro-rated target annual cash bonus for the year of termination; plus |
• | the officer’s unpaid annual cash bonus, if any, earned for the year prior to the year of termination; plus |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
55 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
• | acceleration of vesting of the executive officer’s outstanding unvested time-based Incentive Awards that were granted more than six months prior to the termination; and vesting of a pro-rated portion of the executive officer’s outstanding unvested performance-based Incentive Awards that were granted more than six months prior to the termination based on actual performance levels achieved at the end of the applicable performance period. |
Provisions Applicable Whether or Not Termination is in Connection with a Change-in-Control. In addition to the above, for a period of 24 months following the termination date, subject to certain conditions outlined in the Severance Plan, the executive officer will receive continued subsidized health care benefits, to be provided concurrently with any health care benefit required under COBRA. At the discretion of the Company, the executive officers also may receive outplacement benefits at our expense.
As a condition to receiving benefits under the Severance Plan, participants will be subject to certain conditions, including entering into non-competition, non-solicitation, non-disclosure, non-disparagement and release agreements with us.
If any amounts will become subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or otherwise non-deductible under Section 280G of the Code, then such amounts will be reduced so as not to become subject to such excise tax, but only if the net amount of such payments as so reduced is greater than or equal to the net amount of such payments without such reduction. If any participant is a “specified employee” under Section 409A of the Code, any compensation or benefits to be paid or received under the Severance Plan as a result of termination of employment and that constitute “non-qualified deferred compensation” will be delayed in accordance with the Code.
Retirement Policy
The Retirement Policy is limited to employees located in the United States. The Retirement Policy is not applicable in the United Kingdom or any jurisdictions in which it would be a violation of applicable laws. The Retirement Policy also does not apply to the Company’s Chief Executive Officer.
Under the Retirement Policy, an employee is eligible for a “Qualifying Retirement” upon resigning from the Company if he or she is at least 60 years old, has at least four years of service with the Company or its affiliates (or a combination of both), with a combined sum of the age and full years of service with the Company or its affiliates (or a combination of both) equal to at least 72 years and circumstances constituting “cause” do not exist. Following an eligible employee’s Qualifying Retirement, the continuous employment requirement for all of such employee’s long-term incentive awards granted prior to the Effective Date will be waived, and all such awards will continue to vest in accordance with their terms. In addition, for awards granted under the Company’s LTI program after the Effective Date, following a Qualifying Retirement, an employee’s outstanding unvested time-based incentive awards will immediately vest, and the employee’s outstanding unvested performance-based incentive awards will vest pro-rata, based on the whole number of months served by the employee in the performance period (or, if longer, service vesting period) prior to his or her retirement, on the normal schedule applicable to such awards and based on actual performance results at the end of the relevant period. Only such time-based incentive awards and performance-based incentive awards granted at least six months prior to the Qualifying Retirement will be eligible under the Retirement Policy.
The determination of whether an employee satisfies the criteria for a Qualifying Retirement will be determined by the Company in its sole discretion. The Retirement Policy will not apply to new hire awards, special retention awards, other awards not part of any annual long-term incentive compensation program or awards under any annual cash bonus program, except as otherwise determined by the Company on a case-by-case basis. The treatment of an employee’s outstanding awards under the Retirement Policy as described above is subject to the employee’s execution of a release of claims against the Company and compliance with restrictive covenants as set forth in the Retirement Policy.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PROCESS
The Compensation Committee, with the support of an independent compensation consultant and management, handles the development and implementation of our executive compensation program. The Compensation Committee makes recommendations to the Board regarding our executive officers’ compensation for the Board’s final approval.
56 | CHENIERE |
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PROCESS
ROLE OF THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE AND BOARD
The Compensation Committee reviews and approves the performance goals recommended by management which are required to be achieved in order for our executive officers to earn performance-based compensation and determines actual performance against the goals. The performance goals are consistent with the strategic business plan of the Company. The Compensation Committee also reviews and recommends to the Board for approval the total target annual compensation, including the competitiveness of each component of the total compensation package, for our CEO and each executive officer. Key components of this process include:
• | Establishing performance goals for long-term and short-term incentive awards for executive officers. |
• | Evaluating the achievement of annual developmental, operating and corporate goals for the year to determine the total amount of the bonus pool for the annual incentive awards and evaluating the achievement of our executive officers. |
• | Reviewing, discussing and modifying, as appropriate, recommendations from the CEO on the base salaries and annual incentive awards for our executive officers. The Compensation Committee makes its recommendations for the Board’s final approval. |
• | Meeting in executive session to discuss and determine the amount of our CEO’s compensation. The Compensation Committee makes its recommendations for the Board’s final approval. |
• | Reviewing and recommending to the Board for approval long-term incentive awards for the CEO and executive officers. |
• | Evaluating the achievement of performance goals under long-term incentive awards. |
ROLE OF MANAGEMENT
Management and the Human Resources department support the Compensation Committee’s process.
• | Compensation recommendations for our executive officers reflect input from our Human Resources department. Their recommendations are based on the Company’s performance and their review of external market data. |
• | At the end of the year, the CEO proposes base salaries and annual cash bonus awards for our executive officers (other than the CEO) to the Compensation Committee which then reviews, discusses and modifies, as appropriate, these recommendations. |
ROLE OF THE INDEPENDENT COMPENSATION CONSULTANT
The independent compensation consultant reports to the Compensation Committee Chairman and has direct access to Compensation Committee members. The independent compensation consultant regularly attends Compensation Committee meetings and also meets with the Compensation Committee in executive session without management present, and attends Governance and Nominating Committee meetings with respect to director compensation.
In June 2016, the Compensation Committee engaged Meridian as its independent compensation consultant, and Meridian has served as its independent compensation consultant to date.
With respect to engaging Meridian for 2022, the Compensation Committee considered whether any conflict of interest existed under the SEC rules and NYSE American listing standards. The Compensation Committee reviewed the following related to Meridian’s independence: (i) other services provided to us by Meridian; (ii) fees paid by us as a percentage of Meridian’s total revenue; (iii) policies or procedures maintained by Meridian that are designed to prevent a conflict of interest; (iv) any business or personal relationships between the individual consultants involved in the engagement and a member of the Compensation Committee; (v) any Company stock owned by the individual consultants involved in the engagement; and (vi) any business or personal relationships between our executive officers and Meridian or the individual consultants involved in the engagement and concluded that there were no conflicts of interest that prevented Meridian from serving as an independent consultant to the Compensation Committee on executive compensation matters.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
57 |
COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
PEER GROUP
Each year, the Compensation Committee, with the assistance of management and our independent compensation consultant, reviews external market data to determine the competitiveness of the total compensation package of our executive officers. The market data includes information representative of the energy industry within which we operate and also includes compensation information from a diversified list of U.S. companies of comparable size.
The Compensation Committee reviews the following components of each executive officer’s compensation relative to the amount paid to executives in similar positions within the market data: base salaries, annual cash bonuses and long-term incentive awards. The market data serves as a point of reference for measuring the compensation of each of our executive officers, but individual compensation decisions are made based on a combination of considerations, including the Company’s overall performance; the individual roles, responsibilities and performance of each of our executive officers and market competitiveness. The Compensation Committee does not adhere to a rigid benchmarking process in setting compensation and does not target any specific market level; rather, information is used as a market reference for the Compensation Committee.
Peer Group
With assistance from management and our compensation consultant, the Compensation Committee reviews our executive officers’ compensation against both nationally recognized published survey data, as well as proxy data from our peer group.
As the first mover in domestic LNG production and marketing, we reference a peer group with broad representation across the oil and gas industry as the best available set of compensation benchmarks for comparable energy executive roles. The peer group focuses on companies of comparable size, primarily in terms of enterprise value and assets.
The Compensation Committee reviews the composition of our peer group annually and may make changes as it deems appropriate. Following its annual review in mid-2021, the Compensation Committee determined that no changes to the peer group were warranted.
For external comparisons, the Compensation Committee referenced the following peer group in determining compensation for 2022.
Peer Group
| ||
• Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. |
• Marathon Petroleum Corporation | |
• Baker Hughes Company |
• Occidental Petroleum Corporation | |
• ConocoPhillips |
• ONEOK, Inc. | |
• Enterprise Products Partners L.P. |
• Phillips 66 | |
• EOG Resources, Inc. |
• Suncor Energy Inc. | |
• Halliburton Company |
• Targa Resources Corp. | |
• Hess Corporation |
• Valero Energy Corporation | |
• Kinder Morgan, Inc. |
• The Williams Company | |
• LyondellBasell Industries N.V. |
|
Our consolidated enterprise value as of the end of 2022 places us between the 50th and 75th percentiles of this peer group.
The Compensation Committee, in conjunction with Meridian, reviewed our peer group in late 2022 and determined that the peer group continues to offer a robust and appropriate data set for benchmarking and that no changes were necessary.
58 | CHENIERE |
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
STOCK OWNERSHIP GUIDELINES
Our Board believes that significant stock ownership by our executive officers and directors strengthens their alignment with shareholders and demonstrates their commitment to the Company. In February 2021, the Board approved increases to the minimum required ownership levels for our executive management team, as shown below.
Stock Ownership Guidelines for
| ||
POSITION |
CURRENT GUIDELINES | |
Non-Employee Directors |
3x the director’s prevailing annual equity retainer award | |
President and CEO |
6x base salary | |
Executive Vice Presidents |
4x base salary | |
Senior Vice Presidents |
3x base salary |
All non-employee directors and executive officers are expected to be in full compliance with the guidelines within five years of initial appointment to a position subject to the guidelines, with certain ownership thresholds that must be met in the interim period. If a non-employee director or executive officer is not in compliance with the guidelines, he or she is required to retain the entire after-tax value of Company stock received upon the vesting of stock awards and the exercise of stock options until the interim threshold requirements or compliance with the guidelines is achieved. The Board recognizes that there may be occasions in which the guidelines place a severe hardship on the individual and has delegated discretion to the Governance and Nominating Committee to determine whether an exemption should be granted to the individual in such instances. All of our non-employee directors and executive officers are in compliance with the guidelines, and many of them maintain holdings of Cheniere common stock significantly in excess of the minimum required amount of shares.
ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
The Compensation Committee will continue to evaluate further changes to its compensation policies and practices. We intend to at all times comply with SEC and NYSE American required compensation recoupment policies and practices, including any clawback policy required by the SEC’s adoption of new rules to implement Section 954 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010. We have included clawback provisions in our equity awards since 2017 and intend to continue to include clawback provisions in future equity awards to executives. Mr. Fusco’s employment agreement provides that he will be subject to and will abide by any policy the Company adopts regarding the clawback of incentive compensation and any additional clawback provisions as required by law and applicable listing rules.
TAX AND ACCOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS
In designing our compensation programs, we take into account the various tax, accounting and disclosure rules associated with various forms of compensation. We also review and consider the deductibility of executive compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code and design our compensation programs with the intent that they comply with Section 409A of the Code where applicable. Section 162(m) of the Code generally limits the amount of compensation that may be deducted per covered employee to $1 million per taxable year. We generally seek to preserve tax deductions for executive compensation but recognize that it may be beneficial to grant compensation that is not fully tax deductible when we believe it is in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
59 |
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT
The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management and, based on such review and discussions, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement.
THE COMPENSATION COMMITTEE |
Neal A. Shear, Chairman Patricia K. Collawn Brian E. Edwards |
60 | CHENIERE |
COMPENSATION TABLES
The following table and narrative text sets forth the total compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), Chief Financial Officer and three other most highly compensated executive officers for 2022, who are referred to as our “NEOs” in the following compensation tables.
2022 SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION |
YEAR | SALARY ($)(1) |
BONUS ($)(2) |
STOCK AWARDS ($)(3) |
NON-EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN COMPENSATION ($)(4) |
ALL OTHER COMPENSATION ($)(5) |
TOTAL ($) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco President and CEO |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
1,500,000 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
16,585,377 |
|
$ |
4,500,000 |
|
$ |
23,013 |
|
$ |
22,608,390 |
| |||||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
1,500,000 |
|
$ |
500 |
|
$ |
12,608,398 |
|
$ |
3,960,000 |
|
$ |
22,186 |
|
$ |
18,091,084 |
| ||||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
1,500,000 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
9,509,961 |
|
$ |
3,861,000 |
|
$ |
22,378 |
|
$ |
14,893,339 |
| ||||||||
Zach Davis EVP and CFO |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
640,385 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
3,850,359 |
|
$ |
1,482,000 |
|
$ |
23,210 |
|
$ |
5,995,954 |
| |||||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
580,769 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
5,212,710 |
|
$ |
1,056,000 |
|
$ |
21,868 |
|
$ |
6,871,347 |
| ||||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
454,217 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
1,519,000 |
|
$ |
686,400 |
|
$ |
18,564 |
|
$ |
2,678,181 |
| ||||||||
Anatol Feygin EVP and Chief Commercial Officer |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
660,000 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
3,909,505 |
|
$ |
1,504,800 |
|
$ |
22,860 |
|
$ |
6,097,165 |
| |||||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
660,000 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
3,368,348 |
|
$ |
1,161,600 |
|
$ |
22,186 |
|
$ |
5,212,134 |
| ||||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
656,154 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
2,540,564 |
|
$ |
943,800 |
|
$ |
22,378 |
|
$ |
4,162,895 |
| ||||||||
Sean N. Markowitz EVP, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
670,192 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
3,998,479 |
|
$ |
1,539,000 |
|
$ |
22,860 |
|
$ |
6,230,531 |
| |||||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
640,385 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
3,317,342 |
|
$ |
1,144,000 |
|
$ |
22,186 |
|
$ |
5,123,913 |
| ||||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
585,442 |
|
$ |
500 |
|
$ |
2,309,573 |
|
$ |
858,000 |
|
$ |
22,912 |
|
$ |
3,776,427 |
| ||||||||
Aaron Stephenson SVP, Operations Support and Development |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
570,192 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
2,724,799 |
|
$ |
1,311,000 |
|
$ |
166,582 |
|
$ |
4,772,573 |
| |||||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
540,385 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
2,311,667 |
|
$ |
968,000 |
|
$ |
180,719 |
|
$ |
4,000,772 |
| ||||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
500,000 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
1,471,844 |
|
$ |
772,200 |
|
$ |
165,515 |
|
$ |
2,909,559 |
|
(1) | This column represents the base salary earned, including any amounts invested by the NEOs in the Company’s Retirement Plan. The Company’s Retirement Plan is described in CD&A under “Benefits and Perquisites.” |
(2) | In 2021, Mr. Fusco received a cash service award of $500, part of a program available to all employees that celebrates years of service to the Company. In 2020, Mr. Markowitz received this cash service award. |
(3) | The amounts in this column reflect the grant date fair value of awards, computed in accordance with stock-based compensation accounting rules. Values for awards subject to performance conditions are computed based on the probable outcome of the performance condition as of the grant date for the award. A discussion of the assumptions used in calculating the award values may be found in Note 16 to our 2022 audited financial statements beginning on page 95 of our Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 23, 2023. |
For 2022, the Stock Awards column includes the grant date fair value of share-based RSUs and PSUs granted in February 2022, which will ultimately be settled in shares of common stock or cash, as described in “Components of our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Awards—2022 LTI Awards—Key Terms of the RSUs and PSUs under the 2022 LTI Awards.” Values shown reflect an estimated fair market value (FMV) of the PSUs using a Monte Carlo Simulation valuation methodology in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 on the grant date. The value of the PSUs ultimately realized by the officers upon the actual vesting of the awards may or may not be equal to this determined value, as these awards are subject to performance conditions and have been valued based on the probable performance at date of grant. If the maximum performance levels were to be used to determine the values in the above table with respect to awards with performance conditions, the amounts in this column would be increased by the following amounts: Mr. Fusco, $9,049,290; Mr. Davis, $2,100,827; Mr. Feygin, $2,133,099; Mr. Markowitz, $2,181,644; and Mr. Stephenson, $1,486,701. Please see “2022 LTI Awards” on page 51 of this Proxy Statement for further detail on these awards. |
For 2021, the Stock Awards column includes the grant date fair value of share-based RSUs and PSUs granted in February 2021, which will ultimately be settled in shares of common stock or cash in a manner analogous to that described for the 2022 Stock Awards in “Components of our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Awards—2022 LTI Awards—Key Terms of the RSUs and PSUs under the 2022 LTI Awards.” Values shown reflect an estimated fair market value (FMV) of the PSUs using a Monte Carlo Simulation valuation methodology in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 on the grant date. The value of the PSUs ultimately realized by the officers upon the actual vesting of the awards may or may not be equal to this determined value, as these awards are subject to performance conditions and have been valued based on the probable performance at date of grant. If the maximum performance levels were to be used to determine the values in the above table with respect to awards with performance conditions, the amounts in this column would be increased by the following amounts: Mr. Fusco, $6,900,010; Mr. Davis, $1,380,018; Mr. Feygin, $1,843,346; Mr. Markowitz, $1,815,432; and Mr. Stephenson, $1,265,072. For 2021, the Stock Awards column also includes the grant date fair value of time-based RSUs granted in August 2021 to Mr. Davis, which will ultimately be settled in shares of common stock. |
For 2020, the Stock Awards column includes the grant date fair value of share-based RSUs and PSUs granted in February 2020, which ultimately settled in shares of common stock or cash, as described in “Components of our Executive Compensation Program—Long-Term Incentive Awards—PSU Vesting and Performance Achievement (2020-2022 Awards).” Values shown reflect an estimated fair market value (FMV) of the PSUs using a Monte Carlo Simulation valuation methodology in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718 on the grant date. The value of the PSUs ultimately realized by the officers upon the actual vesting of the awards may or may not be equal to this determined value, as these awards are subject to performance conditions and have been valued based on the probable performance at date of grant. If the maximum performance levels were to be used to determine the values in the above table with respect to awards with performance conditions, the amounts in this column would be increased by the following amounts: Mr. Fusco, $4,775,572; Mr. Davis, $511,682; Mr. Feygin, $1,275,783; Mr. Markowitz, $1,159,787; and Mr. Stephenson, $739,109. For 2020, the Stock Awards column also includes the grant date fair value of time-based RSUs granted in August 2020 to Mr. Davis, which will ultimately be settled in shares of common stock. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
61 |
COMPENSATION TABLES
(4) | For 2022, 2021 and 2020, this column represents the actual amounts paid under the Annual Incentive Program. |
(5) | This column represents all other compensation not reported in the previous columns, including the costs to the Company of providing certain perquisites and other personal benefits, payment of insurance premiums and matching contributions allocated by the Company pursuant to the Company’s Retirement Plan. See the table below for more details. |
ALL OTHER COMPENSATION INCLUDED IN THE SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
NAME |
YEAR | PERQUISITES AND OTHER PERSONAL BENEFITS ($)(A) |
INSURANCE PREMIUMS ($)(B) |
COMPANY CONTRIBUTIONS TO RETIREMENT AND 401(k) PLANS ($)(C) |
TOTAL ($) |
|||||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
3,741 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
18,300 |
|
$ |
23,013 |
| |||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
3,814 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
17,400 |
|
$ |
22,186 |
| ||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
3,814 |
|
$ |
1,464 |
|
$ |
17,100 |
|
$ |
22,378 |
| ||||||
Zach Davis |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
3,938 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
18,300 |
|
$ |
23,210 |
| |||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
3,496 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
17,400 |
|
$ |
21,868 |
| ||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
1,464 |
|
$ |
17,100 |
|
$ |
18,564 |
| ||||||
Anatol Feygin |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
3,588 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
18,300 |
|
$ |
22,860 |
| |||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
3,814 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
17,400 |
|
$ |
22,186 |
| ||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
3,814 |
|
$ |
1,464 |
|
$ |
17,100 |
|
$ |
22,378 |
| ||||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
3,588 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
18,300 |
|
$ |
22,860 |
| |||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
3,814 |
|
$ |
972 |
|
$ |
17,400 |
|
$ |
22,186 |
| ||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
4,348 |
|
$ |
1,464 |
|
$ |
17,100 |
|
$ |
22,912 |
| ||||||
Aaron Stephenson |
|
2022 |
|
$ |
165,931 |
|
$ |
651 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
166,582 |
| |||||
|
2021 |
|
$ |
180,068 |
|
$ |
651 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
180,719 |
| ||||||
|
2020 |
|
$ |
164,051 |
|
$ |
1,464 |
|
$ |
— |
|
$ |
165,515 |
|
(A) | The amount in this column includes the aggregate incremental cost to the Company attributable to a parking space in our Houston office building for all NEOs. For Mr. Fusco, the 2022 amount includes a minimal tax gross-up related to his service award in 2021 (a cash bonus provided to all employees that celebrate years of service to the Company). For Mr. Davis, the 2022 amount includes a fitness subsidy that is available to all employees of the Company. For Mr. Markowitz, the 2020 amount includes a minimal tax gross-up related to his service award. For Mr. Stephenson, the 2022 amount includes benefits granted in connection with his previous relocation to Houston with a value of $95,177 and a tax gross-up of $70,754 related to the relocation. For 2021, these amounts are $106,898 and $69,356, respectively. For 2020, these amounts are $99,497 and $64,554, respectively. |
(B) | The amounts in this column reflect insurance premiums payable for basic term life insurance with a benefit of two times annual base salary capped at a maximum of $1,000,000. The amounts in this column also reflect insurance premiums payable for accidental death and dismemberment life insurance with a benefit of two times annual base salary capped at a maximum of $1,000,000. These benefits are available to all employees of the Company. |
(C) | The amounts in this column reflect matching contributions allocated by the Company to each of the NEOs pursuant to the Company’s Retirement Plan. These benefits are available to all employees of the Company. |
62 | CHENIERE |
GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS
GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS
The following table and narrative text describe the plan-based awards granted to each NEO during 2022, valued at fair market value on the date of grant. The awards listed in the table were granted under the Cheniere Energy, Inc. 2020 Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”) and are described in more detail in “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” beginning on page 40 of this Proxy Statement.
GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS DURING FISCAL YEAR 2022
NAME |
TYPE OF AWARD | GRANT DATE | ESTIMATED FUTURE PAYOUTS UNDER NON-EQUITY INCENTIVE |
ESTIMATED FUTURE PAYOUTS UNDER EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN |
ALL OTHER STOCK AWARDS: NUMBER OF SHARES OF (#) |
GRANT DATE FAIR VALUE OF ($)(2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
THRESHOLD ($) |
TARGET ($) |
MAXIMUM ($) |
THRESHOLD (#) |
TARGET (#) |
MAXIMUM (#) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
Cash Bonus |
|
1,125,000 |
|
|
2,250,000 |
|
|
4,500,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
| |||||||||||||
RSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
65,056 |
|
|
7,536,087 |
| |||||||||||
PSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
16,264 |
|
|
65,056 |
|
|
195,168 |
|
|
— |
|
|
9,049,290 |
| |||||||||||
Zach Davis |
Cash Bonus |
|
325,000 |
|
|
650,000 |
|
|
1,300,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
| |||||||||||||
RSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
15,103 |
|
|
1,749,532 |
| |||||||||||
PSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
3,776 |
|
|
15,103 |
|
|
45,309 |
|
|
— |
|
|
2,100,827 |
| |||||||||||
Anatol Feygin |
Cash Bonus |
|
330,000 |
|
|
660,000 |
|
|
1,320,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
| |||||||||||||
RSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
15,335 |
|
|
1,776,406 |
| |||||||||||
PSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
3,834 |
|
|
15,335 |
|
|
46,005 |
|
|
— |
|
|
2,133,099 |
| |||||||||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
Cash Bonus |
|
337,500 |
|
|
675,000 |
|
|
1,350,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
| |||||||||||||
RSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
15,684 |
|
|
1,816,835 |
| |||||||||||
PSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
3,921 |
|
|
15,684 |
|
|
47,052 |
|
|
— |
|
|
2,181,644 |
| |||||||||||
Aaron Stephenson |
Cash Bonus |
|
287,500 |
|
|
575,000 |
|
|
1,150,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
| |||||||||||||
RSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
10,688 |
|
|
1,238,098 |
| |||||||||||
PSUs |
|
02/10/2022 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
2,672 |
|
|
10,688 |
|
|
32,064 |
|
|
— |
|
|
1,486,701 |
|
(1) | The amounts in these columns represent the payout at the threshold, target and maximum award levels for 2022 under the Annual Incentive Program. If the threshold performance level is not met, the pool funding level will be 0%. Other than for the CEO, actual awards to NEOs exceeded the maximum estimated possible payout of 200% of the individual’s target due to adjustments made for individual performance. The various measures and details relating to the 2022 Annual Incentive Awards are presented beginning on page 51 of this Proxy Statement. |
(2) | The amounts shown in this column reflect the total grant date fair values of RSUs and PSUs granted under the 2020 Plan, calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States regarding stock compensation, including FASB ASC Topic 718. A discussion of the assumptions used in calculating the award values may be found in Note 16 to our 2022 audited financial statements beginning on page 95 of our Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 23, 2023. Please see “2022 LTI Awards” on page 51 of this Proxy Statement for more information about these RSU and PSU awards. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
63 |
COMPENSATION TABLES
NARRATIVE TO THE SUMMARY COMPENSATION & GRANTS OF PLAN-BASED AWARDS TABLES
For a discussion regarding the awards granted to the NEOs in 2022 as disclosed in the table above, see “Annual Incentive Program” on page 47 and “LTI Program” on page 50 of this Proxy Statement.
COMPENSATORY ARRANGEMENTS FOR CERTAIN EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
For a discussion regarding the compensatory arrangement between the Company and Mr. Fusco for his service as President and CEO, see “Compensatory Arrangement with President and CEO” on page 53 of this Proxy Statement.
64 | CHENIERE |
OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END
The following table contains information about our NEOs’ outstanding equity awards at December 31, 2022.
OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT DECEMBER 31, 2022
STOCK AWARDS | ||||||||||||||||
NAME AND GRANT DATE |
NUMBER OF SHARES OR UNITS OF STOCK THAT HAVE NOT VESTED (#) |
MARKET VALUE OF SHARES OR UNITS OF STOCK THAT HAVE NOT VESTED ($)(1) |
EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN AWARDS: NUMBER OF UNEARNED SHARES, UNITS OR OTHER RIGHTS THAT HAVE NOT VESTED (#)(2) |
EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN AWARDS: MARKET OR PAYOUT VALUE OF UNEARNED SHARES, UNITS OR OTHER RIGHTS THAT HAVE NOT VESTED ($)(3) |
||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
||||||||||||||||
2020 LTI Award (2/12/2020) |
28,600 | (4) | $ | 4,288,856 | 85,799 | $ | 38,599,254 | |||||||||
2021 LTI Award (2/11/2021) |
55,866 | (4) | $ | 8,377,665 | 83,799 | $ | 37,699,494 | |||||||||
2022 LTI Award (2/10/2022) |
65,056 | (4) | $ | 9,755,798 | 65,056 | $ | 29,267,393 | |||||||||
Zach Davis |
||||||||||||||||
2020 LTI Award (2/12/2020) |
3,065 | (4) | $ | 459,627 | 9,193 | $ | 4,135,747 | |||||||||
2020 LTI Award (8/4/2020) |
3,199 | (4) | $ | 479,722 | ||||||||||||
2021 LTI Award (2/11/2021) |
11,174 | (4) | $ | 1,675,653 | 16,760 | $ | 7,539,989 | |||||||||
2021 LTI Award (8/27/2021) |
20,000 | (4) | $ | 2,999,200 | ||||||||||||
2022 LTI Award (2/10/2022) |
15,103 | (4) | $ | 2,264,846 | 15,103 | $ | 6,794,538 | |||||||||
Anatol Feygin |
||||||||||||||||
2020 LTI Award (2/12/2020) |
7,641 | (4) | $ | 1,145,844 | 22,921 | $ | 10,311,699 | |||||||||
2021 LTI Award (2/11/2021) |
14,925 | (4) | $ | 2,238,153 | 22,387 | $ | 10,071,464 | |||||||||
2022 LTI Award (2/10/2022) |
15,335 | (4) | $ | 2,299,637 | 15,335 | $ | 6,898,910 | |||||||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
||||||||||||||||
2020 LTI Award (2/12/2020) |
6,946 | (4) | $ | 1,041,622 | 20,837 | $ | 9,374,150 | |||||||||
2021 LTI Award (2/11/2021) |
14,699 | (4) | $ | 2,204,262 | 22,048 | $ | 9,918,954 | |||||||||
2022 LTI Award (2/10/2022) |
15,684 | (4) | $ | 2,351,973 | 15,684 | $ | 7,055,918 | |||||||||
Aaron Stephenson |
||||||||||||||||
2020 LTI Award (2/12/2020) |
4,261 | (4) | $ | 638,980 | 13,279 | $ | 5,973,957 | |||||||||
2021 LTI Award (2/11/2021) |
9,860 | (4) | $ | 1,478,606 | 15,364 | $ | 6,911,956 | |||||||||
2022 LTI Award (2/10/2022) |
10,289 | (4) | $ | 1,542,938 | 10,688 | $ | 4,808,317 |
(1) | The values represented in this column have been calculated by multiplying $149.96, the closing price of our common stock on December 30, 2022, by the number of unvested shares of restricted stock and RSUs. |
(2) | The amounts in this column are the target amount of PSUs granted as part of the annual LTI program. The 2020 awards have a performance period of January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022; the 2021 awards have a performance period of January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023; and the 2022 awards have a performance period of January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024. PSU awards will vest upon certification by the Compensation Committee of the level of achievement of the performance conditions during the performance measurement period. |
(3) | The values represented in this column have been calculated by multiplying $149.96, the closing price of our common stock on December 30, 2022, by the maximum number of shares that could be earned under the PSUs in accordance with Item of 402(f) of Regulation S-K. This estimated payout is not necessarily indicative of the actual payout at the end of the performance period. |
(4) | Awards vest ratably over three years from the date of grant. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
65 |
OPTION EXERCISES AND
STOCK VESTED
The following table sets forth the number of shares that vested from RSUs and PSUs and the aggregate dollar value realized upon the vesting of such RSUs and PSUs for our NEOs in 2022. There were no option exercises by our NEOs in 2022.
OPTION EXERCISES AND STOCK VESTED DURING FISCAL YEAR 2022
OPTION AWARDS | STOCK AWARDS | |||||||||||||||
NAME |
NUMBER OF SHARES ACQUIRED ON EXERCISE (#) |
VALUE REALIZED ON EXERCISE ($) |
NUMBER OF SHARES ACQUIRED ON VESTING (#)(1) |
VALUE REALIZED ON VESTING ($)(2) |
||||||||||||
Jack A. Fusco |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
335,730 |
|
$ |
38,008,684 |
| ||||
Zach Davis |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
36,570 |
|
$ |
4,990,164 |
| ||||
Anatol Feygin |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
87,429 |
|
$ |
10,014,675 |
| ||||
Sean N. Markowitz |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
59,605 |
|
$ |
6,783,990 |
| ||||
Aaron Stephenson |
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
|
22,273 |
|
$ |
2,678,630 |
|
(1) | Included in this column are the vesting of RSUs as well as the following vested PSUs that were settled in cash: for Mr. Fusco, 251,277; for Mr. Davis, 3,590; for Mr. Feygin, 42,850; for Mr. Markowitz, 40,779; and for Mr. Stephenson, 3,638. |
(2) | The value in this column for the NEOs’ RSUs and PSUs that vested during 2022 has been calculated, for any RSUs or PSUs settled in stock, by multiplying the per share fair market value of the underlying shares on the vesting date by the number of shares that vested, and for any PSUs settled in cash, the actual cash payment made, which was determined by multiplying the 25 trading day average preceding vesting by the number of shares that vested. |
66 | CHENIERE |
POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON
TERMINATION OR
CHANGE-IN-CONTROL
The following table and narrative text describe the potential value that the NEOs would receive upon accelerated vesting of their outstanding equity grants and change-in-control cash payments assuming certain triggering events occurred on December 31, 2022. The value shown in the table assumes a December 31, 2022 termination date, uses the closing price of our common stock of $149.96 on December 30, 2022, as reported on the NYSE American, and assumes that performance-based incentive awards vest based on the maximum award level, unless otherwise noted. All amounts are estimates of the amounts which would be realized upon the triggering event. The actual value of the amounts can only be determined at the time such NEO leaves the Company.
As discussed in CD&A under the Components of our Executive Compensation Program, we have entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Fusco and adopted a Severance Plan that covers all of our NEOs. For a description of the potential payments upon termination or change-in-control for (i) Mr. Fusco under his employment agreement and (ii) all of our NEOs under the Severance Plan, please see page 53 and page 55 of this Proxy Statement, respectively.
POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL ASSUMING TERMINATION EVENT OCCURS ON DECEMBER 31, 2022
JACK A. FUSCO EXECUTIVE BENEFITS AND PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION |
TERMINATION FOR CAUSE OR BY EXECUTIVE WITHOUT GOOD REASON |
TERMINATION BY COMPANY WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE FOR GOOD REASON |
DEATH/ DISABILITY |
IMMEDIATELY UPON CHANGE-IN-CONTROL(1) |
TERMINATION WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE WITH GOOD REASON, IN CONNECTION WITH CHANGE- IN-CONTROL |
|||||||||||||||
Cash Compensation |
|
— |
|
$ |
7,500,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
11,250,000 |
| |||||
Prorated Target Bonus |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,250,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
2,250,000 |
| |||||
Health and Welfare Benefits |
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
| |||||
Long-Term Incentives (by Grant Date): |
||||||||||||||||||||
02/12/2020 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
4,288,856 |
|
$ |
4,288,856 |
|
$ |
4,288,856 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/12/2020 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
38,599,254 |
|
$ |
12,866,418 |
|
$ |
12,866,418 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
8,377,665 |
|
$ |
8,377,665 |
|
$ |
8,377,665 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
25,132,996 |
|
$ |
12,566,498 |
|
$ |
12,566,498 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
9,755,798 |
|
$ |
9,755,798 |
|
$ |
9,755,798 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
9,755,798 |
|
$ |
9,755,798 |
|
$ |
9,755,798 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
105,711,929 |
|
$ |
57,611,033 |
|
$ |
57,611,033 |
|
$ |
13,551,562 |
|
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
67 |
POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL
ZACH DAVIS EXECUTIVE BENEFITS AND PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION |
TERMINATION FOR CAUSE OR BY EXECUTIVE WITHOUT GOOD REASON |
TERMINATION BY COMPANY WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE FOR GOOD REASON |
DEATH/ DISABILITY |
IMMEDIATELY UPON CHANGE-IN-CONTROL(1) |
TERMINATION WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE WITH GOOD REASON, IN CONNECTION WITH CHANGE- IN-CONTROL |
|||||||||||||||
Cash Compensation |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,950,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
2,600,000 |
| |||||
Prorated Target Bonus |
|
— |
|
$ |
650,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
650,000 |
| |||||
Health and Welfare Benefits |
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
| |||||
Long-Term Incentives (by Grant Date): |
||||||||||||||||||||
02/12/2020 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
459,627 |
|
$ |
459,627 |
|
$ |
459,627 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/12/2020 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
4,135,747 |
|
$ |
1,378,582 |
|
$ |
1,378,582 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
08/04/2020 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
479,722 |
|
$ |
479,722 |
|
$ |
479,722 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,675,653 |
|
$ |
1,675,653 |
|
$ |
1,675,653 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
5,026,659 |
|
$ |
2,513,330 |
|
$ |
2,513,330 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
08/27/2021 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,999,200 |
|
$ |
2,999,200 |
|
$ |
2,999,200 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,264,846 |
|
$ |
2,264,846 |
|
$ |
2,264,846 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,264,846 |
|
$ |
2,264,846 |
|
$ |
2,264,846 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
21,957,863 |
|
$ |
14,035,806 |
|
$ |
14,035,806 |
|
$ |
3,301,562 |
|
ANATOL FEYGIN EXECUTIVE BENEFITS AND PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION |
TERMINATION FOR CAUSE OR BY EXECUTIVE WITHOUT GOOD REASON |
TERMINATION BY COMPANY WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE FOR GOOD REASON |
DEATH/ DISABILITY |
IMMEDIATELY UPON CHANGE-IN-CONTROL(1) |
TERMINATION WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE WITH GOOD REASON, IN CONNECTION WITH CHANGE- IN-CONTROL |
|||||||||||||||
Cash Compensation |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,980,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
2,640,000 |
| |||||
Prorated Target Bonus |
|
— |
|
$ |
660,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
660,000 |
| |||||
Health and Welfare Benefits |
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
| |||||
Long-Term Incentives (by Grant Date): |
||||||||||||||||||||
02/12/2020 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,145,844 |
|
$ |
1,145,844 |
|
$ |
1,145,844 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/12/2020 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
10,311,699 |
|
$ |
3,437,233 |
|
$ |
3,437,233 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,238,153 |
|
$ |
2,238,153 |
|
$ |
2,238,153 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
6,714,309 |
|
$ |
3,357,155 |
|
$ |
3,357,155 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,229,637 |
|
$ |
2,229,637 |
|
$ |
2,229,637 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,229,637 |
|
$ |
2,229,637 |
|
$ |
2,229,637 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
27,700,841 |
|
$ |
14,777,658 |
|
$ |
14,777,658 |
|
$ |
3,351,562 |
|
68 | CHENIERE |
POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL ASSUMING TERMINATION EVENT OCCURS ON DECEMBER 31, 2022
SEAN N. MARKOWITZ EXECUTIVE BENEFITS AND PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION |
FOR CAUSE OR BY EXECUTIVE WITHOUT GOOD REASON |
TERMINATION BY COMPANY WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE FOR GOOD REASON |
DEATH/ DISABILITY |
IMMEDIATELY UPON CHANGE-IN-CONTROL(1) |
TERMINATION WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE WITH GOOD REASON, IN CONNECTION WITH CHANGE- IN-CONTROL |
|||||||||||||||
Cash Compensation |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,025,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
2,700,000 |
| |||||
Prorated Target Bonus |
|
— |
|
$ |
675,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
675,000 |
| |||||
Health and Welfare Benefits |
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
51,562 |
| |||||
Long-Term Incentives (by Grant Date): |
||||||||||||||||||||
02/12/2020 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,041,622 |
|
$ |
1,041,622 |
|
$ |
1,041,622 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/12/2020 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
9,374,150 |
|
$ |
3,124,717 |
|
$ |
3,124,717 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,204,262 |
|
$ |
2,204,262 |
|
$ |
2,204,262 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
6,612,636 |
|
$ |
3,306,318 |
|
$ |
3,306,318 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,351,973 |
|
$ |
2,351,973 |
|
$ |
2,351,973 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
2,351,973 |
|
$ |
2,351,973 |
|
$ |
2,351,973 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
26,688,178 |
|
$ |
14,380,864 |
|
$ |
14,380,864 |
|
$ |
3,426,562 |
|
AARON STEPHENSON EXECUTIVE BENEFITS AND PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION |
TERMINATION FOR CAUSE OR BY EXECUTIVE WITHOUT GOOD REASON |
TERMINATION BY COMPANY WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE FOR GOOD REASON |
DEATH/ DISABILITY |
IMMEDIATELY UPON CHANGE-IN-CONTROL(1) |
TERMINATION WITHOUT CAUSE OR RESIGNATION BY EXECUTIVE WITH GOOD REASON, IN CONNECTION WITH CHANGE- IN-CONTROL |
|||||||||||||||
Cash Compensation |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,725,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
2,200,000 |
| |||||
Prorated Target Bonus |
|
— |
|
$ |
575,000 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
550,000 |
| |||||
Health and Welfare Benefits |
|
— |
|
$ |
51,264 |
|
|
— |
|
|
— |
|
$ |
51,264 |
| |||||
Long-Term Incentives (by Grant Date): |
||||||||||||||||||||
02/12/2020 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
638,980 |
|
$ |
638,980 |
|
$ |
638,980 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/12/2020 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
5,973,957 |
|
$ |
1,991,319 |
|
$ |
1,991,319 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,478,606 |
|
$ |
1,478,606 |
|
$ |
1,478,606 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/11/2021 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
4,607,971 |
|
$ |
2,303,985 |
|
$ |
2,303,985 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Restricted Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,542,938 |
|
$ |
1,542,938 |
|
$ |
1,542,938 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
02/10/2022 Performance Stock Units |
|
— |
|
$ |
1,602,772 |
|
$ |
1,602,772 |
|
$ |
1,602,772 |
|
|
— |
| |||||
Total |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
18,196,488 |
|
$ |
9,558,600 |
|
$ |
9,558,600 |
|
$ |
2,926,264 |
|
(1) | For performance stock units, assumes vesting at target award level. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
69 |
POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL
NARRATIVE TO THE POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL TABLE
CHANGE-IN-CONTROL SEVERANCE
In December 2016, the Compensation Committee recommended and the Board approved the Cheniere Energy, Inc. Key Executive Severance Pay Plan (as amended, the “Severance Plan”) for certain employees of the Company, including the NEOs, with effect beginning on January 1, 2017. The Severance Plan has been periodically revised, with the most recent amendment and restatement in December 2022. Please see “Severance Plan” on page 55 of this Proxy Statement for details regarding the Company’s Severance Plan.
EQUITY AWARDS
Under the Severance Plan, all incentive awards generally vest in full upon a change-in-control, with performance-based incentive awards vesting upon a change-in-control at the greater of (i) target level and (ii) actual performance, determined by shortening the performance period to end on the date of the change-in-control, adjusting applicable performance metrics as necessary and appropriate, and determining the level of achievement for such metrics based on the shortened period; provided that any performance-based incentive awards that vest based on TSR will vest based on the actual TSR as of the date of the change-in-control. In the event that the Company terminates the NEO’s employment without Cause or the NEO terminates his or her employment for Good Reason not in connection with a change-in-control, (1) all time-based incentive awards that were granted more than six months prior to the termination generally vest in full and (2) a prorated portion of performance-based incentive awards that were granted more than six months prior to termination vest based on actual performance.
The award agreements pursuant to which each of the outstanding awards were granted also generally provide that the awards vest in full upon a termination of employment due to death or disability. For a discussion of the treatment of incentive awards under the terms of Mr. Fusco’s employment agreement, please see “Compensatory Arrangements” on page 53 of this Proxy Statement.
Pursuant to the grant agreements, “Cause” generally means the termination of employment of the NEO with the Company or an affiliate under any of the following circumstances: (i) the willful commission by the NEO of a crime or other act of misconduct that causes or is likely to cause substantial economic damage to the Company or an affiliate or substantial injury to the business reputation; (ii) the commission by the NEO of an act of fraud in the performance of the NEO’s duties on behalf of the Company or an affiliate; (iii) the willful and material violation by the NEO of the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics Policy; or (iv) the continuing and repeated failure of the NEO to perform his or her duties to the Company or an affiliate, including by reason of his or her habitual absenteeism, which failure has continued for a period of at least 30 days following delivery of a written demand for substantial performance to the NEO by the Board which specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that the NEO has not performed his or her duties.
A “Good Reason” termination of a NEO generally will occur, assuming the Company fails to cure such circumstances within 30 days after receipt of written notice of the Good Reason termination, upon the NEO’s termination of employment due to one of the following events upon or following a Change in Control: (i) a change in the NEO’s status, title, position or responsibilities, including reporting responsibilities, which represents a substantial reduction of his or her status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect immediately prior thereto; (ii) the removal from or failure to re-elect the NEO to the office or position in which he or she last served, unless such removal or failure to re-elect is due to certain enumerated causes; (iii) the assignment to the NEO of any duties, responsibilities, or reporting requirements materially adverse with his or her position with the Company or an affiliate, or any material diminishment, on a cumulative basis, in the NEO’s status, duties or responsibilities; (iv) a material reduction by the Company or an affiliate in the NEO’s annual base salary; or (v) the requirement by the Company or an affiliate that the principal place of business at which the NEO performs his or her duties be changed to a location more than fifty (50) miles from his or her current place of business. A “Good Reason” termination of an NEO generally will occur, assuming the Company fails to cure such circumstances within 30 days after receipt of written notice of the Good Reason termination, upon the NEO’s termination of employment due to one of the following events before a Change in Control: (i) a material diminution in authorities, duties or responsibilities; (ii) a reduction in the NEO’s annual base salary by more than 5% (other than a reduction applicable to executives generally); or (iii) the requirement by the Company or an affiliate that the principal place of business at which the NEO performs his or her duties be changed to a location more than fifty (50) miles from his or her current place of business.
70 | CHENIERE |
POTENTIAL PAYMENTS UPON TERMINATION OR CHANGE-IN-CONTROL ASSUMING TERMINATION EVENT OCCURS ON DECEMBER 31, 2022
Generally, a “Change-in-Control” of the Company will occur if: (i) any person or entity directly or indirectly becomes the beneficial owner of 50.1% or more of the shares of voting stock of the Company then outstanding; (ii) the consummation of any merger, reorganization, business combination or consolidation of the Company or one of its subsidiaries with or into any other company (other than when the holders of the voting stock immediately prior thereto hold more than 50% of the combined voting power of the stock of the surviving company or parent of the surviving company immediately thereafter); (iii) a majority of the current members of the Board or their approved successors cease to be our directors; or (iv) the consummation of a sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of our assets (other than a sale or disposition in which the same shareholders before the sale or disposition own 50% of the outstanding common stock after the transaction is complete).
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
71 |
CEO PAY RATIO
Set forth below is the annual total compensation of our median employee, the annual total compensation of Mr. Fusco and the ratio of those two values:
• | The 2022 annual total compensation of the median employee (other than our President and CEO) was $230,370; |
• | The 2022 annual total compensation of our President and CEO, Mr. Fusco, was $22,608,390; and |
• | For 2022, the ratio of the annual total compensation of Mr. Fusco to the median annual total compensation of all of our employees was reasonably estimated to be 98.1 to 1. |
To calculate the ratio above, we used the same employee that we had identified as of December 31, 2020. We believe there have been no changes in our employee population or our compensation arrangements in 2022 that would result in a material change in our pay ratio disclosure or our median employee.
To identify our median employee in 2020, we used our employee population as of December 31, 2020, including full-time, part-time and temporary employees. We excluded our employees in Singapore and China, as the employees located in these countries (6 and 3, respectively) represented fewer than 5% of our total employees. Our total employee count at that time was 1,538 prior to excluding Singapore and China and 1,529 after accounting for these exclusions. We annualized the base salary paid to permanent employees newly hired during 2020 and did not apply any cost-of-living adjustments in measuring compensation.
As required by SEC rules, we calculated annual total compensation (including equity awards received in 2022 valued on the grant date) for both our median employee and Mr. Fusco using the same methodology that we use to determine our NEOs’ annual total compensation for the Summary Compensation Table.
72 | CHENIERE |
VALUE OF INITIAL FIXED $100 INVESTMENT BASED ON: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
YEAR (a) |
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE TOTAL FOR PEO (1) (b) |
CAP TO PEO (2) (c) |
AVERAGE SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE TOTAL FOR NON-PEO NEOS (3) (d) |
AVERAGE CAP TO NON-PEO NEOS (4) (e) |
TOTAL CUMULATIVE SHAREHOLDER RETURN (5) (f) |
PEER GROUP TOTAL CUMULATIVE SHAREHOLDER RETURN (6) (g) |
NET INCOME (LOSS) (MILLIONS) (7) (h) |
CONSOLIDATED ADJUSTED EBITDA (NON-GAAP) (MILLIONS) (8) (i) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
2022 |
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2021 |
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ||||||||||||||||||||||
2020 |
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ |
(1) | For 2020, 2021 and 2022, the PEO was |
(2) | The dollar amounts reported in column (c) represent the amount of “compensation actually paid” to Mr. Fusco, as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K. The dollar amounts do not reflect the actual amount of compensation earned by or paid to Mr. Fusco during the applicable year. In accordance with the requirements of Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, the following adjustments were made to Mr. Fusco’s total compensation for each year to determine the CAP: |
YEAR | REPORTED SCT TOTAL FOR PEO |
REPORTED VALUE OF EQUITY-BASED AWARDS (a) |
EQUITY-BASED AWARD ADJUSTMENTS (b) |
CAP TO CEO | ||||||||||||
2022 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ||||||||||
2021 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ||||||||||
2020 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ |
(a) | The grant date fair value of equity-based awards represents the total of the amounts reported in the “Stock Awards” column in the Summary Compensation Table for the applicable year. |
(b) | The equity-based award adjustments for each applicable year include the addition (or subtraction, as applicable) of the following: (i) the year-end fair value of any equity-based awards granted in the applicable year that are outstanding and unvested as of the end of the year; (ii) the amount of change as of the end of the applicable year (from the end of the prior fiscal year) in fair value of any awards granted in prior years that are outstanding and unvested as of the end of the applicable year; (iii) for awards that are granted and vest in the same applicable year, the fair value as of the vesting date; (iv) for awards granted in prior years that vest in the applicable year, the amount equal to the change as of the vesting date (from the end of the prior fiscal year) in fair value; (v) for awards granted in prior years that are determined to fail to meet the applicable vesting conditions during the applicable year, a deduction for the amount equal to the fair value at the end of the prior fiscal year; and (vi) the dollar value of any dividends or other earnings paid on stock or option awards in the applicable year prior to the vesting date that are not otherwise reflected in the fair value of such award or included in any other component of total compensation for the applicable year. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
73 |
The valuation assumptions initially used to calculate the fair value of equity-based awards containing a market condition of ATSR are based on fair value assigned to the market metric using a Monte Carlo model as of the grant date. For each subsequent measurement date, adjustments have been made to equity-based award valuation using the stock price as of the measurement date and updated assumptions related to dividend yield, stock volatility and risk-free rates. The grant date fair value of equity-based awards containing performance and service-based conditions initially assumes target performance and the stock price at the date of grant, with subsequent measurements incorporating actual or forecast adjustments for performance and changes in stock price at each measurement date, as relevant. |
The amounts deducted or added in calculating the equity-based award adjustments are as follows: |
YEAR | YEAR END VALUE OF AWARDS GRANTED IN THE APPLICABLE YEAR |
YEAR OVER YEAR CHANGE IN FAIR VALUE OF OUTSTANDING AND UNVESTED AWARDS |
FAIR VALUE AS OF VESTING DATE OF AWARDS GRANTED AND VESTED IN THE YEAR |
YEAR OVER YEAR CHANGE IN FAIR VALUE OF AWARDS GRANTED IN PRIOR YEARS THAT VESTED IN THE YEAR |
FAIR VALUE AT THE END OF THE PRIOR YEAR OF AWARDS THAT FAILED TO MEET VESTING CONDITIONS IN THE YEAR |
VALUE OF DIVIDENDS OR OTHER EARNINGS PAID ON UNVESTED AWARDS NOT OTHERWISE REFLECTED IN FAIR VALUE OR TOTAL COMPENSATION |
TOTAL AWARD ADJUSTMENTS |
|||||||||||||||||||||
2022 |
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
2021 |
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
2020 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | $ |
(3) | Non-PEO NEOs in the table above were the following individuals: (i) for 2022, Zach Davis, Anatol Feygin, Sean N. Markowitz and Aaron Stephenson; (ii) for 2021, Zach Davis, Anatol Feygin, Sean N. Markowitz and Aaron Stephenson; and (iii) for 2020, Zach Davis, Anatol Feygin, Sean N. Markowitz, Aaron Stephenson and Michael Wortley. |
(4) | The dollar amounts reported in column (e) represent the average amount of “compensation actually paid” to the Non-PEO NEOs as a group, as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K. The dollar amounts do not reflect the actual average amount of compensation earned by or paid to the Non-PEO NEOs as a group during the applicable year, and in 2020 reflects the impact of certain award forfeitures in connection with the resignation of our previous Chief Financial Officer in 2020. In accordance with the requirements of Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, the following adjustments were made to average total compensation for the Non-PEO NEOs as a group for each year to determine the CAP, using the same methodology described above in Note 2: |
YEAR | AVERAGE REPORTED SCT TOTAL FOR NON- PEO NEO |
AVERAGE REPORTED VALUE OF EQUITY-BASED AWARDS |
AVERAGE EQUITY- BASED AWARD ADJUSTMENTS (a) |
AVERAGE CAP TO NON-PEO NEO |
||||||||||||
2022 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ||||||||||
2021 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ||||||||||
2020 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ |
(a) | The amounts deducted or added in calculating the equity-based award adjustments are as follows: |
YEAR | YEAR END VALUE OF AWARDS GRANTED IN THE APPLICABLE YEAR |
YEAR OVER YEAR CHANGE IN FAIR VALUE OF OUTSTANDING AND UNVESTED AWARDS |
FAIR VALUE AS OF VESTING DATE OF AWARDS GRANTED AND VESTED IN THE YEAR |
YEAR OVER YEAR CHANGE IN FAIR VALUE OF AWARDS GRANTED IN PRIOR YEARS THAT VESTED IN THE YEAR |
FAIR VALUE AT THE END OF THE PRIOR YEAR OF AWARDS THAT FAILED TO MEET VESTING CONDITIONS IN THE YEAR |
VALUE OF DIVIDENDS OR OTHER EARNINGS PAID ON UNVESTED AWARDS NOT OTHERWISE REFLECTED IN FAIR VALUE OR TOTAL COMPENSATION |
TOTAL AWARD ADJUSTMENTS |
|||||||||||||||||||||
2022 |
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
2021 |
$ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | |||||||||||||||||||||
2020 |
$ | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ | ( |
) | $ | ( |
) | $ | $ |
(5) | Cumulative TSR is calculated by dividing the sum of the cumulative amount of dividends for the period December 31, 2019 through the end of the applicable measurement period, assuming dividend reinvestment, and the difference between the Company’s share price at the end of the applicable measurement period and December 31, 2019, by the Company’s share price at December 31, 2019. |
(6) |
(7) | The dollar amounts reported represent the amount of net income (loss), as reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Company does not use net income as a performance measure in its executive compensation program. |
(8) | non-controlling interest, interest expense, net of capitalized interest, changes in the fair value and settlement of our interest rate derivatives, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and adjusting for the effects of certain non-cash items, other non-operating income or expense items, and other items not otherwise predictive or indicative of ongoing operating performance, including the effects of modification or extinguishment of debt, impairment expense and loss on disposal of assets, changes in the fair value of our commodity and FX derivatives prior to contractual delivery or termination, and non-cash compensation expense. The change in fair value of commodity and FX derivatives is considered in |
74 |
CHENIERE |
determining Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA given that the timing of recognizing gains and losses on these derivative contracts differs from the recognition of the related item economically hedged. While the Company uses numerous financial and nonfinancial performance measures for the purpose of evaluating performance for the Company’s compensation programs, the Company has determined that Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is the financial performance measure that, in the Company’s assessment, represents the most important performance measure (that is not otherwise required to be disclosed in the table) used by the Company to link compensation actually paid to the Company’s NEOs, for the most recently completed fiscal year, to company performance. |
Financial Performance Measures |
• |
A majority of our executives’ variable pay is delivered as equity-based awards. As a result, CEO and average other NEO “compensation actually paid” each year increased when our ATSR increased and correlates with our ATSR performance and shareholder value creation over the applicable measurement periods. |
• |
Cheniere’s cumulative ATSR exceeded the TSR of our defined peer group for the three-year measurement period, which reflects our executives’ successful alignment of responsible operation and growth. |
• |
The Compensation Committee and Board consider a range of measures referenced above in granting annual awards. Accordingly, increases in these measures have a positive impact on CEO and average other NEO “compensation actually paid.” Because the Compensation Committee and Board authorize the majority of such awards as equity-based awards, changes in our ATSR also impacted “compensation actually paid.” |
• |
SEC rules require that net income be presented as a performance measure in the pay versus performance table above. As the table illustrates, changes in CAP for our PEO and non-PEOs are not aligned with performance on net income as a financial performance measure. While the Company reported net income of $non-cash derivative gains and losses on contracts accounted for as derivative instruments. Derivative instruments are reported at fair value on our consolidated financial statements. Because the recognition of derivative instruments at fair value has the effect of recognizing gains or losses relating to future period exposure, use of derivative instruments may result in continued volatility of our net income based on changes in market pricing, counterparty credit risk and other relevant factors that may be outside of our control, notwithstanding the operational intent to mitigate risk exposure over time, in a manner which we believe is not necessarily reflective of the strength and financial performance of our business. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
75 |
76 |
CHENIERE |
PROPOSAL 2 – ADVISORY AND
NON-BINDING VOTE TO
APPROVE THE COMPENSATION
OF THE COMPANY’S NAMED
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS FOR 2022
In accordance with Section 14A of the Exchange Act, we are asking shareholders to vote on an advisory, non-binding basis to approve the compensation paid to our named executive officers for fiscal year 2022. We ask shareholders to read the CD&A section of this Proxy Statement for a full discussion of our executive compensation practices and decisions. The CD&A details our executive compensation policies and incentive programs and explains the compensation decisions relating to the named executive officers for fiscal year 2022. In response to shareholder feedback, the Compensation Committee and Board continue to take steps to further align our executive compensation programs with the Company’s strategy and long-term performance. The Compensation Committee believes that our compensation policies and programs continue to align our executive officers’ interests with the interests of our shareholders and that the compensation received by the named executive officers is commensurate with the performance of the Company as a whole.
Specifically, we ask the shareholders to approve the following resolution:
RESOLVED, that the Company’s shareholders approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation paid to the Company’s named executive officers for fiscal year 2022, as disclosed in the 2023 proxy statement pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s compensation disclosure rules, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, compensation tables and narrative discussion on pages 40 through 71 of the 2023 proxy statement.
Although the outcome of this vote is not binding on the Board, the Board values shareholders’ views, and the Compensation Committee and Board will consider the outcome of the advisory vote when making future compensation decisions.
The Board has adopted a policy of providing for annual say-on-pay votes. Subject to the results of Proposal 3—Advisory and Non-Binding Vote on the Frequency of Holding Future Advisory Votes on the Compensation of the Company’s Named Executive Officers, the next say-on-pay vote will occur at our 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders.
|
The Board unanimously recommends a vote FOR approving, on an advisory and non-binding basis, the named executive officer compensation for fiscal year 2022 as disclosed in this Proxy Statement. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
77 |
PROPOSAL 3 – ADVISORY AND
NON-BINDING VOTE ON THE
FREQUENCY OF HOLDING
FUTURE ADVISORY VOTES ON
THE COMPENSATION OF THE
COMPANY’S NAMED
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the Company’s shareholders are entitled to vote at the Meeting regarding whether future “say-on-pay” proposals, such as the one in Proposal 2 above, should occur every one year, two years or three years. Under the rules issued by the SEC, the Company’s shareholders also have the option to abstain from voting on the matter.
After careful consideration of the frequency alternatives, the Board has determined that holding an advisory shareholder vote on executive compensation every year is the best approach for the Company and its shareholders because it will enable our shareholders to vote, on an advisory basis, on the most recent executive compensation information that is presented in our proxy statement, leading to a more meaningful, timely and coherent communication between the Company and our shareholders regarding the compensation of our named executive officers.
In voting on this Proposal 3, shareholders should be aware that they are not voting to approve or disapprove the Board’s recommendation to hold say-on-pay votes every year. Instead, shareholders will be able to specify one of four choices for this proposal on the proxy card: “1 YEAR,” “2 YEARS,” “3 YEARS” or “ABSTAIN”.
Although the outcome of this vote is not binding on the Board, the Board values shareholders’ views, and the Compensation Committee and Board will consider the outcome of the advisory vote when considering the frequency of future say-on-pay votes.
The Board recommends that the shareholders vote to hold future say-on-pay votes every “1 YEAR”.
|
The Board unanimously recommends that the shareholders vote, on an advisory and non-binding basis, to hold future say-on-pay advisory votes every 1 YEAR. |
78 | CHENIERE |
AUDIT COMMITTEE MATTERS
REPORT OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
The Audit Committee of the Board is responsible for oversight of the accounting and financial reporting processes of the Company and oversight of the audits of our financial statements. Management is responsible for the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and the preparation of the financial statements. KPMG LLP, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm (“KPMG”), is responsible for performing an independent audit of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and issuing a report thereon. KPMG is also responsible for performing an independent audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The Audit Committee’s responsibility is to oversee these processes.
The Audit Committee currently consists of five Directors. All members of the Audit Committee meet the NYSE American independence standards and the applicable rules of the SEC. The Board has determined that each of Ms. Collawn and Mr. Robillard is an “audit committee financial expert”, as defined in Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter adopted by the Board which is available on our website at www.cheniere.com. The Audit Committee reviews the adequacy of, and compliance with, the Audit Committee charter annually.
The Audit Committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of KPMG. As part of fulfilling this responsibility, the Audit Committee engages in an annual evaluation of, among other things, KPMG’s qualifications, independence, performance and communications with the Audit Committee, and whether KPMG should be retained for the upcoming year’s audit. The Audit Committee reviews significant audit findings together with management’s responses thereto. The Audit Committee performs additional activities in accordance with the responsibilities of the Audit Committee specified in the Audit Committee charter.
The Audit Committee reviews the Company’s hiring policies and practices with respect to current and former employees of KPMG. In addition, the Audit Committee preapproves all services provided by KPMG.
The Audit Committee discussed with both our internal auditor and KPMG the overall scope and plans for their respective audits. In addition, the Audit Committee met with the Company’s internal auditor and KPMG, with and without management present, to review and discuss all financial statements prior to their issuance and to discuss significant accounting issues, the critical audit matter addressed in KPMG’s audit report, results of their examinations, their evaluations of the Company’s internal controls, and the overall quality of the Company’s financial reporting. Management advised the Audit Committee that all financial statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The Audit Committee’s review with the internal auditor and KPMG included discussions of those matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the SEC. The Audit Committee also discussed with KPMG, among other things, matters relating to their independence, and the Audit Committee received the written disclosures from KPMG required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding KPMG’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence.
On the basis of these reviews and discussions, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the Board approve the inclusion of the Company’s audited financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for filing with the SEC.
THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
Donald F. Robillard, Jr., Chairman Vicky A. Bailey Patricia K. Collawn Brian E. Edwards Lorraine Mitchelmore |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
79 |
AUDIT COMMITTEE MATTERS
INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANT’S FEES
The following table sets forth the fees billed to us by KPMG for professional services for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
|
KPMG LLP |
|
|
KPMG LLP |
| |||
|
FISCAL 2022 |
|
|
FISCAL 2021 |
| |||
Audit Fees |
$ |
6,677,098 |
|
$ |
6,664,593 |
| ||
Audit Related Fees |
$ |
— |
|
$ |
— |
| ||
Tax Fees |
$ |
34,663 |
|
$ |
24,773 |
| ||
All Other Fees |
$ |
4,000 |
|
$ |
3,000 |
| ||
Total |
$ |
6,715,761 |
|
$ |
6,692,366 |
|
Audit Fees—Audit fees for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 include fees associated with the integrated audit of our annual consolidated financial statements, reviews of our interim consolidated financial statements, local statutory audits and services performed in connection with registration statements and debt offerings, including comfort letters and consents. The percentage of Fiscal 2021 fees in this category that were approved by the Audit Committee under the de minimis exception was less than 1% of the total fees for that year.
Audit Related Fees—There were no audit related fees in 2022 or 2021.
Tax Fees—Tax fees for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were for tax consulting services related to Section 382 ownership changes.
All Other Fees—Other fees for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were for accounting research tools and assistance in preparation and translation of statutory financial statements.
PRE-APPROVAL POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
The Audit Committee’s policy is to pre-approve all audit and non-audit services provided by the independent accountants and not to engage the independent accountants to perform any non-audit services specifically prohibited by law or regulation. All audit and non-audit services provided to us during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 were pre-approved.
We anticipate that a representative of KPMG will participate in the Meeting. Such representative may make a statement if he or she desires to do so and will be available to respond to appropriate questions concerning our financial statements.
80 | CHENIERE |
PROPOSAL 4 – RATIFICATION
OF KPMG LLP AS
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
FOR 2023
KPMG LLP (“KPMG”) served as our independent auditor for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, and the Audit Committee has appointed KPMG to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. The Company is asking shareholders to ratify this appointment. Although the Company is not required to obtain shareholder ratification of the appointment of KPMG, the Board considers the selection of an independent registered accounting firm to be an important matter to shareholders and considers a proposal for shareholders to ratify such appointment to be an opportunity for shareholders to provide input to the Audit Committee and the Board on a key corporate governance issue. If the shareholders do not ratify the appointment, the Audit Committee will reconsider whether or not to retain KPMG. Even if the selection is ratified, the Audit Committee, in its discretion, may change the appointment at any time during the year if it determines that such a change would be in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders.
|
The Board unanimously recommends a vote FOR the ratification, on an advisory and non-binding basis, of the Audit Committee’s appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
81 |
PROPOSAL 5 – SHAREHOLDER
PROPOSAL REGARDING
CLIMATE CHANGE RISK ANALYSIS
Stewart Taggart, an owner of 70 shares of common stock, has advised the Company that he intends to submit the following proposal for consideration at the Meeting. The proposal has been considered by our Board, which has concluded that its adoption would not be in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders. For the reasons following the proposal, our Board recommends a vote AGAINST this shareholder proposal.
In accordance with federal securities regulations, we have included the shareholder proposal and supporting statement exactly as submitted by the proponent. The Company is not responsible for the content of the shareholder proposal or the supporting statement. We will promptly provide you with the address of the proponent of this shareholder proposal upon receiving a written or oral request directed to Cheniere’s Corporate Secretary at 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002.
SHAREHOLDER PROPOSAL AND SUPPORTING STATEMENT
WHEREAS: Reducing global carbon emissions poses risk to the Liquid Natural Gas industry. Investors must assess such risk to estimate fair value for the industry’s companies.
Liquid Natural Gas’ ‘Scope Three’ (end-to-end, or life-cycle) carbon emissions are 0.61-0.84 tonnes of carbon equivalent per megawatt hour of electricity produced, according to the US Department of Energy. The number includes upstream mining, fugitive emissions, pipelining, liquefying, shipping, regasifying, final-mile power plant delivery and combustion for electricity.
Coal’s comparable Scope Three emissions are 1.0-1.1 tonnes per megawatt hour, according to the department. Wind’s Scope Three emissions are around 0.040 tonnes per megawatt hour while solar’s are around 0.012 tonnes per megawatt-hour, according to financial adviser and asset manager Lazard.
While Cheniere provides customers Scope Two emissions data for its Liquid Natural Gas exports, Investors will benefit from provision of estimated Scope Three emissions data and its future cost implications given such emissions are 25-100 times higher than wind or solar.
The International Monetary Fund estimates market or administratively equivalent carbon prices of $70 (or higher) by 2030 are necessary to meet the Paris Climate Accord’s 2050 2c targets. The International Energy Agency estimates $140 per tonne is needed to achieve its Sustainable Development Scenario.
Applying such prices to Liquid Natural Gas’ Scope Three emissions adds $4-$9 per megawatt-hour to electricity produced. That is higher than the entire carbon-adjusted cost per megawatt-hour of wind or solar, suggesting longevity challenges ahead for Liquid Natural Gas.
Investors need to hear more about this from management as financial, regulatory and investment trends drive energy markets toward achievement of mid-century net zero targets.
Analysis also should address issues like long lead times, slipping commission dates and ballooning cost over-runs common to Liquid Natural Gas projects but not generally shared by falling cost, rapid-to-deploy wind and solar. It could also point out wind and solar face intermittency and storage problems natural gas does not.
The Network for Greening the Financial System (a central bankers group) urges climate related risks be more deeply evaluated at corporate board levels, better reflected in company risk management efforts and more broadly applied in investment and strategy decisions.
Other financial, regulatory and investment organizations can be expected to move in this direction over time as well. Many already have.
RESOLVED: The company shall prepare a report discussing price, amortization and obsolescence risk to existing and planned Liquid Natural Gas capital investments posed by carbon emissions reductions of 50% or higher by 2030 (in line with the Paris Accord’s 2C target) applied to Cheniere’s Scope Two and Scope Three emissions as well as the impact of 2050 ‘net zero’ emissions targets—also called for in the Paris Accord—on the company’s financial results.
The report shall be produced at reasonable cost, omit proprietary information and cite sources.
82 | CHENIERE |
BOARD’S STATEMENT IN OPPOSITION
BOARD’S STATEMENT IN OPPOSITION
The Board recommends a vote AGAINST this shareholder proposal and believes that producing the requested report would not be in the best interests of the Company or shareholders.
We have already provided extensive disclosures regarding our view on the critical role we believe LNG has in delivering a lower-carbon future, including through our Climate Scenario Analysis: Transitional Risk1, and are investing time and resources in a number of impactful initiatives to better understand and manage the risks and opportunities posed by climate change. We believe that the requested report is not necessary, overly prescriptive, and would divert resources from our existing efforts, and therefore is not in the best interests of Cheniere or our shareholders.
Cheniere has been recognized for our proactive approach to climate and sustainability initiatives. We have received the following:
• | MSCI ESG rating “A”; |
• | Sustainalytics rating in the 13th percentile for Refiners and Pipelines; |
• | JUST Capital 2023 “JUST 100” leader and first in our industry; and |
• | 2022 Platts Global Energy Award Winner—Energy Transition Award—LNG for our CE Tags initiative. |
We have long-term customer agreements with over 30 creditworthy counterparties, including end-use utilities, global portfolio players and North American producers, that form the foundation of our business and provide us with significant, stable, long-term take-or-pay style cash flows. We have contracted the vast majority of our anticipated production capacity under LNG sale and purchase agreements (“SPAs”), in which our customers pay a fixed fee with respect to the contracted volumes of LNG, and under integrated production marketing agreements (“IPM agreements”), in which the gas producer sells natural gas to us on a global LNG index price, less a fixed liquefaction fee, shipping and other costs. Through our SPAs and IPM agreements, we have contracted more than 90% of the total anticipated production from our Liquefaction Projects through the mid-2030s, with certain contracts extending into the 2040s and one contract extending through 2050.
Cheniere’s Climate Strategy
As the leading U.S. liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) exporter, we supply customers with an affordable, reliable and cleaner-burning energy source, supporting our customers’ energy needs and the global transition to a lower carbon future. In order to improve the climate benefits of our product and enhance the long-term resilience of our business, we have initiated and invested in a number of specific programs within our operational and gas supply chain boundaries.
We believe it is critical to develop future climate goals and strategies based on an accurate and holistic assessment of the emissions profile of our LNG business, accounting for all steps in the supply chain. Our climate strategy focuses on science and transparent collaboration along our supply chain to measure our greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions and to identify strategic and cost-effective opportunities to mitigate those GHG emissions. Measuring and mitigating our emissions can improve the climate benefits of Cheniere’s LNG and continue to demonstrate its long-term role as a reliable and flexible form of energy that supports a lower-carbon future. Accordingly, we have launched evidence-based measurement, collaboration and mitigation efforts with our suppliers and customers on emissions—both upstream and downstream of our facilities—with the shared goal of improving environmental performance by focusing on emissions measurement and mitigation, as well as management of climate risk.
We believe in transparency about our goals and strategies. To that end, in alignment with our strategy and informed by regular stakeholder engagement, in 2021 we published a Climate Scenario Analysis: Transitional Risk to analyze the long-term resilience of Cheniere’s business under multiple future climate scenarios, including a trajectory consistent with the goals of the Paris Agreement to limit global warming to well below 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels.2 We have been implementing strategies through targeted projects to support the resiliency of our business even under a less than 2°C transition pathway.
1 | Cheniere Energy, Inc., Climate Scenario Analysis: Transitional Risk, April 2021, https://www.cheniere.com/pdf/Climate-Scenario-Analysis-Transitional-Risk.pdf. |
2 | Cheniere Energy, Inc., Climate Scenario Analysis: Transitional Risk, April 2021, https://www.cheniere.com/pdf/Climate-Scenario-Analysis-Transitional-Risk.pdf. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
83 |
PROPOSAL 5 – SHAREHOLDER PROPOSAL REGARDING CLIMATE CHANGE RISK ANALYSIS
Cheniere’s Climate Scenario Analysis: Transitional Risk
Cheniere’s Climate Scenario Analysis: Transitional Risk, conducted by a leading global consulting firm, confirms Cheniere’s competitiveness under a Paris-aligned, less than 2°C goal. The analysis employed assessments from McKinsey & Company and the International Energy Agency (“IEA”) regarding future energy mix scenarios and is informed by the disclosure framework of the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (“TCFD”).
In line with TCFD recommendations, the analysis utilized multiple publicly available scenarios to test the long-term resilience of Cheniere’s business and strategy. Through each of these scenarios and associated temperature goals and carbon budgets, the demand for natural gas and LNG, renewables, coal, oil, and other forms of energy to meet global energy demand were considered. This analysis incorporated a cost-curve analysis of LNG projects based on long-term forecasts of natural gas and LNG supply, demand, costs, and carbon pricing. A carbon price of $55-140 per metric ton was applied to the GHG intensity of the supply chain emissions to assess the impact to global LNG supplies from individual projects.
Under all scenarios evaluated, and subject to the assumptions contained therein, the analysis concluded that Cheniere is positioned to help meet growing demand for LNG through 2040. The analysis validated our belief in the long-term resiliency of our business, even under a well-below-2°C pathway and a major transformation of the global energy system. Accordingly, we believe that Cheniere’s assets are well-positioned to take advantage of this LNG supply-demand gap and that additional LNG supply (i.e., beyond existing and in-construction liquefaction projects) would be needed to meet this demand.
The analysis also identified GHG emissions intensity of LNG projects, in addition to cost-competitiveness, as an important factor in any future scenario. This finding informs Cheniere’s climate strategy, as actions to improve our GHG footprint, increase the transparency and standardization of reported data, and differentiate Cheniere among global suppliers can mitigate climate-related risks and improve our long-term competitiveness and resiliency.
Industry Leadership: Science and Transparency
Cheniere is collaborating with operators within our natural gas supply chain and leading academic experts to better understand climate risk, shape our climate strategy and actions, and further reinforce the resilience and competitiveness of our business over the long-term. We are expanding our scientific understanding of GHG emissions across our supply chain, and generating actionable, accurate data that directly informs strategic and cost-effective mitigation actions. We have published or supported multiple scientific studies, co-authored with academic experts from leading institutions and participated in peer-reviewed scientific processes. Examples include:
• | Life Cycle Assessment (LCA):3 We developed a life cycle assessment model as the foundational analytical tool for our climate strategy and continue to update the LCA to better understand our GHG emissions profile across the entire value chain. We sponsored the publication of a first-of-its-kind supplier-specific life cycle assessment in a peer-reviewed scientific journal (co-authored by scholars from the University of Texas at Austin, Queen Mary University of London, and Duke University); |
• | Quantification, Monitoring, Reporting, and Verification (QMRV):4 We initiated a multi-year, multi-sector R&D program with a number of our key suppliers and a host of technology vendors to assess the capabilities of pioneering emissions measurement technologies and improve our understanding of measurement-informed GHG emissions. The program is designed, conducted, and analyzed by scientists at the Payne Institute for Public Policy at the Colorado School of Mines, the University of Texas at Austin, and Colorado State University; |
• | LNG Shipping Study:5 We supported a first-of-its-kind study to directly measure methane emissions on an operating LNG vessel; |
• | Cargo Emissions Tags:6 We initiated providing estimated GHG emissions data associated with each LNG cargo produced from our facilities to all of our long-term customers via Cargo Emissions Tags (“CE Tags”) in 2022; |
3 | Press Release, Cheniere Energy, Inc., Cheniere Announces Publication of Greenhouse Gas Life Cycle Assessment, August 5, 2021, https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/226/cheniere-announces-publication-of-greenhouse-gas-life-cycle. |
4 | Press Release, Cheniere Launches Collaboration with Midstream Companies, Technology Providers and Academic Institutions to Quantify, Monitor, Report and Verify GHG Emissions, April 19, 2022, https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/244/cheniere-launches-collaboration-with-midstream-companies; See also Press Release, Cheniere Announces Collaboration with Natural Gas Suppliers and Academic Institutions to Quantify, Monitor, Report and Verify GHG Emissions, June 10, 2021, https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/220/cheniere-announces-collaboration-with-natural-gas-suppliers. |
5 | Press Release, Collaboratory to Advance Methane Science, First Study to Directly Measure Methane Emissions from LNG Carrier Completed, May 27, 2021, https://methanecollaboratory.com/news/first-study-to-directly-measure-methane-emissions-from-lng-carrier-completed/. |
6 | Press Release, Cheniere Energy, Inc., Cheniere to Provide Cargo Emissions Data to LNG Customers, February 24, 2021, https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/214/cheniere-to-provide-cargo-emissions-data-to-lng-customers. |
84 | CHENIERE |
BOARD’S STATEMENT IN OPPOSITION
• | Oil and Gas Methane Partnership (OGMP) 2.0:7 In 2022, we joined the United Nations Environment Programme’s (UNEP) flagship oil and gas methane emissions reporting and mitigation initiative; and |
• | The Energy Emissions Modeling and Data Lab (EEMDL): In 2022, we co-founded and sponsored a new, multidisciplinary research and education initiative led by the University of Texas at Austin in collaboration with Colorado State University and the Colorado School of Mines. EEMDL’s goal is to provide reliable, science-based, transparent, measurement-informed GHG assessments by developing publicly available models and datasets. |
These efforts, consistent with our climate and sustainability principles, are helping us build a data-driven approach that leverages our unique position within the LNG supply chain to collaborate with our suppliers, scientific experts, and customers to improve the climate competitiveness of our LNG business and strengthen the resilience of our business over the long-term. We consider these initiatives essential components to our continued competitiveness within the global energy market.
Evolving Regulatory Environment
In addition to the disclosures we already provide as discussed above, we expect to enhance and expand our climate-related disclosures in accordance with forthcoming SEC requirements. In March 2022, the SEC issued proposed rules that require certain climate-related disclosures from public companies, and final rules are expected later this year. As proposed, the rules would require disclosure of GHG emissions (with attestation for Scope 1 and Scope 2 disclosures) and climate-related financial statement metrics, as well as qualitative and governance disclosures with respect to climate risk. We already dedicate significant resources toward updating our climate-related reporting in accordance with the anticipated SEC rules; yet another type of report, as requested by the proponent, would unnecessarily constrain resources and not result in useful information to shareholders. Further, the overly prescriptive requirements of the proponent’s proposal may contradict the SEC’s stated goal to “provide consistent, comparable, and reliable—and therefore decision-useful—information to investors.”8
Conclusion
The Company has already completed a transitional risk analysis on our assets both operating and under construction. This proposal requests Cheniere duplicate our prior efforts by performing an unnecessary and overly prescriptive additional transitional risk analysis. Conducting this analysis would unnecessarily divert resources from our existing efforts, which build upon the Climate Scenario Analysis we have already completed; and therefore, we believe would not result in useful information for Cheniere or our shareholders. Cheniere’s peer-reviewed LCA model and our CE Tags program already account for emissions beyond Cheniere’s Scope 1 and Scope 2 boundaries. We continue to work on improving the characterization of emissions across our LNG supply chain through our collaborative QMRV program, and our support to EEMDL. Given our prior Climate Scenario Analysis, current climate-related disclosures, robust actions on the points above, and upcoming SEC rules, Cheniere believes that the report requested by the proponent is unnecessary, overly prescriptive, and not in the best interests of the Company or our shareholders.
We have built our strategy to respond to climate-related risks and opportunities, support the long-term resilience of our business and do our part to address climate change and global energy challenges. We seek to integrate climate-related risks and opportunities into our business strategy and financial planning.
We expect to continue to advance our climate strategy based on science, transparency, and active engagement with our stakeholders throughout the LNG value chain, which we expect will enhance our long-term competitiveness in the global energy market and through the energy transition.
|
For the foregoing reasons, the Board recommends a vote AGAINST this proposal. |
7 | Press Release, Cheniere Energy, Inc., Cheniere Joins UNEP’s Oil and Gas Methane Partnership 2.0, October 19, 2022, https://lngir.cheniere.com/news-events/press-releases/detail/263/cheniere-joins-uneps-oil-and-gas-methane-partnership-2-0. |
8 | SEC Release Nos. 33-11042; 34-94478; File No. S7-10-22, Enhancement and Standardization of Climate-Related Disclosures, March 24, 2021, https://www.sec.gov/rules/proposed/2022/33-11042.pdf. |
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
85 |
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The Audit Committee, under the Audit Committee Charter, has the responsibility to review and approve any transactions or series of related financial transactions, arrangements or relationships involving amounts exceeding $120,000 between the Company and our directors, executive officers, nominees for director, any greater than 5% shareholders and their immediate family members. The Audit Committee will only approve related party transactions when it determines such transactions are in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders after considering the standards described below. In reviewing a transaction, the Audit Committee considers all facts and circumstances that it considers relevant to its determination. In determining whether to approve or ratify a related party transaction, the Audit Committee will apply the following standards, as provided in our Audit Committee Charter, and such other standards it deems appropriate:
• | whether the related party transaction is on terms no less favorable than the terms generally available to an unaffiliated third-party under the same or similar circumstances; |
• | whether the transaction is material to the Company or the related party; and |
• | the extent of the related person’s interest in the transaction. |
Other than as described below, the Company had no related party transactions since January 1, 2022.
Employment of Executive Officer’s Family Member
Corey Grindal’s son, Christian Grindal, is a non-executive employee of Cheniere who earned aggregate cash compensation of approximately $165,000 for fiscal year 2022, consisting of base salary, cash bonus and certain relocation and associated transportation allowances, in addition to receiving equity compensation consisting of restricted stock unit (“RSU”) awards with a grant date fair value of $11,584. Christian Grindal is expected to earn aggregate cash compensation of approximately $140,000 to $150,000 for fiscal year 2023, consisting of base salary, cash bonus and transportation allowances, in addition to receiving equity compensation consisting of RSU awards with a grant date fair value of $16,960. In addition, Christian Grindal received in 2022 and is eligible to receive in 2023 other customary employee benefits. The compensation for Christian Grindal was established by Cheniere in accordance with its compensation practices applicable to employees with comparable qualifications and responsibilities and holding similar positions, without the involvement of Corey Grindal.
86 | CHENIERE |
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
WHY DID I RECEIVE THESE PROXY MATERIALS?
We are providing these proxy materials in connection with the solicitation by the Board of proxies to be voted at our 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and any adjournment or postponement thereof.
You are invited to attend the Meeting on May 11, 2023, beginning at 9:00 a.m., Central Time. The Meeting will be held at the Company’s headquarters at 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002.
DO I NEED A TICKET TO ATTEND THE MEETING?
No. You will only need proof of your ownership of Cheniere common stock and valid government-issued picture identification to enter the Meeting.
If your shares are held beneficially in the name of a bank, broker or other holder of record and you plan to attend the Meeting, you must present proof of your ownership of Cheniere common stock as of the Record Date, such as a bank or brokerage account statement, to be admitted to the Meeting.
If you have any questions about attending the Meeting, you may contact Investor Relations at Investors@cheniere.com or 713-375-5000.
No cameras, recording equipment, electronic devices, large bags, briefcases or packages will be permitted at the Meeting.
WHO IS ENTITLED TO VOTE AT THE MEETING?
Holders of Cheniere common stock at the close of business on the Record Date are entitled to receive the Notice and to vote their shares at the Meeting. As of the Record Date, there were 243,493,892 shares of common stock outstanding and entitled to vote. Each share of common stock is entitled to one vote on each matter properly brought before the Meeting.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HOLDING SHARES AS A SHAREHOLDER OF RECORD AND AS A BENEFICIAL OWNER?
If your shares are registered directly in your name with Cheniere’s transfer agent, Computershare Trust Company, N.A., you are considered the “shareholder of record” of those shares. The Notice, Proxy Statement, proxy card and 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, have been sent directly to you by Cheniere. If your shares are held in a stock brokerage account or by a bank or other holder of record, you are considered the “beneficial owner” of such shares held in street name. The Notice, Proxy Statement, proxy card and 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, have been forwarded to you by your broker, bank or other holder of record, who is considered the shareholder of record of those shares. As the beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker, bank or other holder of record on how to vote your shares by using the voting instruction card included in the mailing or by following their instructions for voting by telephone or on the Internet.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
87 |
GENERAL INFORMATION
DO SHAREHOLDERS HAVE ANY APPRAISAL OR DISSENTER’ RIGHTS ON THE MATTERS TO BE VOTED ON AT THE MEETING?
No, shareholders of the Company will not have rights of appraisal or similar dissenters’ rights with respect to any of the matters identified in this proxy statement to be acted upon at the Meeting.
HOW DO I VOTE?
You may vote using any of the following methods:
By mail
You may submit your proxy vote by mail by signing a proxy card if your shares are registered or, for shares held beneficially in street name, by following the voting instructions included by your broker, trustee or nominee, and mailing it in the enclosed envelope. If you provide specific voting instructions, your shares will be voted as you have instructed. If you return a properly executed proxy but do not indicate your voting preferences, your shares will be voted as recommended by the Board.
By telephone or on the Internet
If you have telephone or Internet access, you may submit your proxy vote by following the instructions provided on your proxy card or voting instruction form. If you are a beneficial owner, the availability of telephone and Internet voting will depend on the voting processes of your broker, bank or other holder of record. Therefore, we recommend that you follow the voting instructions in the materials you receive.
In person at the Meeting
If you are the shareholder of record, you have the right to vote in person at the Meeting. If you are the beneficial owner, you are also invited to attend the Meeting. Since a beneficial owner is not the shareholder of record, you may not vote these shares in person at the Meeting unless you obtain a “legal proxy” from your broker, bank or other holder of record that holds your shares, giving you the right to vote the shares at the Meeting. You will need proof of your ownership of Cheniere common stock and valid government-issued picture identification to enter the Meeting. See “Do I Need a Ticket to Attend the Meeting?” above for more information on the requirements to enter the Meeting.
CAN I CHANGE MY VOTE OR REVOKE MY PROXY?
If you are a shareholder of record, you can change your vote or revoke your proxy before it is exercised by:
• | written notice of revocation to the Corporate Secretary of the Company; |
• | timely delivery of a valid, later-dated proxy; or |
• | voting by ballot at the Meeting. |
If you are a beneficial owner of shares, you may submit new voting instructions by contacting your bank, broker or other holder of record. You may also vote in person at the Meeting if you obtain a legal proxy as described in the answer to the preceding question.
WHO WILL RECEIVE A PROXY CARD?
If you are a shareholder of record, you will receive a proxy card for the shares you hold in certificate form or in book-entry form. If you are a beneficial owner, you will receive voting instructions from your bank, broker or other holder of record.
88 | CHENIERE |
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
IS THERE A LIST OF SHAREHOLDERS ENTITLED TO VOTE AT THE MEETING?
The names of shareholders of record entitled to vote at the Meeting will be available for ten days prior to the Meeting for any purpose germane to the Meeting. The list will be available between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 4:30 p.m., Central Time, at our offices at 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002, by contacting the Corporate Secretary of the Company.
WHAT IS A BROKER NON-VOTE?
“Broker non-votes” occur when a bank, broker or other holder of record holding shares for a beneficial owner (generally referred to as a “broker”) does not vote on a particular proposal because that holder does not have discretionary voting power for that particular item and has not received instructions from the beneficial owner. Brokers, as the holders of record, are permitted to exercise discretionary authority to vote on “routine” matters, but not on other matters. The only routine matter to be presented at the Meeting is Proposal 4, the ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for 2023.
If you are a beneficial owner, your broker is not permitted to vote your shares on the following proposals if your broker does not receive specific voting instructions from you: Proposal 1 to elect directors, Proposal 2 to approve, on an advisory and non-binding basis, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers for 2022, Proposal 3 to approve, on an advisory and non-binding basis, the frequency of holding future advisory votes on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers, and Proposal 5 to vote on a shareholder proposal regarding climate change risk analysis. In these situations, assuming your broker exercises discretionary authority to vote on Proposal 4, a broker non-vote will occur as to each of the other proposals. Broker non-votes are counted for purposes of establishing a quorum but do not otherwise have an impact on voting results.
WHAT ARE THE VOTING REQUIREMENTS TO ELECT THE DIRECTORS AND TO APPROVE EACH OF THE PROPOSALS DISCUSSED IN THIS PROXY STATEMENT?
The presence in person or by proxy of the holders of a majority in voting power of the outstanding shares of common stock entitled to vote at the Meeting is necessary to constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum at the Meeting, the Meeting may be adjourned from time to time without notice, other than an announcement at the Meeting of the date, time and place of the adjourned meeting, until a quorum is present. Abstentions and “broker non-votes” represented by submitted proxies will be included in the calculation of the number of the shares present at the Meeting for purposes of determining a quorum. “Broker non-votes” occur when a broker holding shares for a beneficial owner does not vote on a particular proposal because that holder does not have discretionary voting power for that particular item and has not received instructions from the beneficial owner. Brokers will have discretionary voting power only on Proposal 4, the ratification of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for 2023.
Proposal 1 – Directors are elected by a majority of the votes cast with respect to such director nominee at the Meeting, meaning that the number of votes cast “for” a director must exceed the number of votes cast “against” that director. Abstentions and broker non-votes represented by submitted proxies will not be considered votes cast and therefore will not be taken into account in determining the outcome of the election of directors.
Proposal 2 – To be approved, Proposal 2 regarding the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers for fiscal year 2022 must receive the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the shares entitled to vote on the matter, present in person or by proxy at the Meeting. Because your vote is advisory, it will not be binding on the Board or the Company. Abstentions will have the same impact as votes “against” Proposal 2. Broker non-votes will have no effect on Proposal 2.
Proposal 3 – In the case of Proposal 3 regarding the frequency of holding future advisory votes on the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers, the frequency that receives the most votes from shares entitled to vote on the matter, present
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
89 |
GENERAL INFORMATION
in person or by proxy at the Meeting will be deemed the frequency recommended by shareholders. Because your vote is advisory, it will not be binding on the Board or the Company. Abstentions and broker non-votes will have no effect on Proposal 3.
Proposal 4 – To be approved, Proposal 4 to ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for 2023 must receive the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the shares entitled to vote on the matter, present in person or by proxy at the Meeting. If you are a beneficial owner, your bank, broker or other holder of record has the authority to vote your shares on Proposal 4 if you have not furnished voting instructions within a specified period of time prior to the Meeting. Accordingly, there will not be any broker non-votes on Proposal 4. Abstentions will have the same impact as a vote “against” Proposal 4.
Proposal 5 – To be approved, Proposal 5, the shareholder proposal regarding climate change risk analysis, must receive the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority in voting power of the shares entitled to vote on the matter, present in person or by proxy at the Meeting. Because your vote is advisory, it will not be binding on the Board or the Company. Abstentions will have the same impact as a vote “against” Proposal 5. Broker non-votes will have no effect on Proposal 5.
WHAT IF A DIRECTOR NOMINEE DOES NOT RECEIVE A MAJORITY OF VOTES CAST?
Our Bylaws require directors to be elected by the majority of the votes cast with respect to such director (i.e., the number of votes cast “for” a director must exceed the number of votes cast “against” that director). If a nominee who is serving as a director is not elected at the Meeting and no one else is elected in place of that director, then, under Delaware law, the director would continue to serve on the Board as a “holdover director.” However, under our Bylaws, the holdover director is required to tender his or her resignation to the Board. The Governance and Nominating Committee of the Board then would consider the resignation and recommend to the Board whether to accept or reject the tendered resignation, or whether some other action should be taken. The Board would then make a decision whether to accept the resignation, taking into account the recommendation of the Governance and Nominating Committee. The director who tenders his or her resignation will not participate in the Governance and Nominating Committee’s or the Board’s decision. The Board is required to disclose publicly (by a press release and a filing with the SEC) its decision regarding the tendered resignation and, if the tendered resignation is rejected, the rationale behind the decision within 90 days from the date of the certification of the election results. If a nominee for director is not elected and the nominee is not an incumbent director, then the Board may fill the resulting vacancy pursuant to the Bylaws and the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended.
COULD OTHER MATTERS BE DECIDED AT THE MEETING?
As of the date of this Proxy Statement, we do not know of any matters to be raised at the Meeting other than those referred to in this Proxy Statement. If other matters are properly presented for consideration at the Meeting, the persons named as proxies in your proxy card will have the discretion to vote on those matters for you.
WHO WILL PAY FOR THE COST OF THIS PROXY SOLICITATION?
The Company will pay for the cost of soliciting proxies. Proxies may be solicited on our behalf by directors, officers or employees in person or by telephone, electronic transmission and facsimile transmission. We have hired D. F. King & Co., Inc., 48 Wall Street, 22nd Floor, New York, NY 10005, to solicit proxies. We will pay D.F. King & Co., Inc. a fee of $15,000 plus expenses for these services.
WHO WILL COUNT THE VOTE?
Broadridge Financial Solutions, Inc., an independent third party, will tabulate the votes.
90 | CHENIERE |
OTHER MATTERS
IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE 2023 ANNUAL MEETING TO BE HELD ON MAY 11, 2023
The Proxy Statement, including the Notice and 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, are available on our website at www.cheniere.com/2023AnnualMeeting. Please note that the Notice is not a form for voting and presents only an overview of the more complete proxy materials, which contain important information and are available on the Internet or by mail. We encourage our shareholders to access and review the proxy materials before voting.
SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS
Management anticipates that the Company’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be held during May 2024. Any shareholder who wishes to submit a proposal for action to be included in the Proxy Statement and form of proxy relating to the Company’s 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act must submit the proposal to the Company by December 12, 2023. Any such proposals should be timely received by the Corporate Secretary, Cheniere Energy, Inc., 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002. Such proposal must meet all of the requirements of the SEC to be eligible for inclusion in next year’s proxy materials. If a shareholder wishes to submit a proposal outside of the process of Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, in order for such proposal to be considered “timely” under our Bylaws, the proposal must be received by the Corporate Secretary of the Company at the Company’s Headquarters no earlier than the close of business on January 12, 2024 and not later than the close of business on February 11, 2024.
DIRECTOR NOMINEES
If a shareholder wishes to nominate a director candidate without inclusion of such candidate in our proxy materials, in order for such nomination to be considered “timely” under our Bylaws, the notice of nomination must be received by the Secretary of the Company at the Company’s Headquarters no earlier than the close of business on January 12, 2024, and not later than the close of business on February 11, 2024.
In addition, our Bylaws provide for “proxy access” and permit shareholders (or groups of no more than 20 shareholders) who have maintained (individually and, in the case of a group, collectively) continuous qualifying ownership of at least 3% of our outstanding common stock for at least three years and has complied with the other requirements set forth in our Bylaws, to submit an aggregate number of director nominees of up to 20% of the number of directors serving on the Board for inclusion in our Proxy Statement if the shareholder(s) and the nominee(s) satisfy the requirements set forth in our Bylaws.
• | When to send such proposals. Notice of director nominees submitted under these Bylaw provisions must be received by our Secretary no earlier than November 12, 2023 and no later than 5:00 p.m., Central Time, on December 12, 2023. |
• | Where to send such proposals. Proposals should be addressed to the Corporate Secretary, Cheniere Energy, Inc., 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, TX 77002. |
• | What to include. Notice must include the information required by our Bylaws, which are available on our website at www.cheniere.com. |
In addition to satisfying the foregoing requirements under our Bylaws with respect to director nominations and notice required, to comply with the universal proxy rules, shareholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than management’s nominees must provide an additional notice that sets forth the information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act no later than March 12, 2024.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
91 |
OTHER MATTERS
COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE BOARD
The Board maintains a process for shareholders to communicate with the Board. Shareholders wishing to communicate with the Board should send any communication to the Corporate Secretary, Cheniere Energy, Inc., 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002. Any such communication must state the number of shares beneficially owned by the shareholder making the communication. The Corporate Secretary will forward such communication to the full Board or to any individual director or directors to whom the communication is directed, unless the Corporate Secretary determines that the communication does not relate to the business or affairs of the Company or the functioning or constitution of the Board or any of its committees, relates to routine or insignificant matters that do not warrant the attention of the Board, is an advertisement or other commercial solicitation or communication, is frivolous or offensive, or is otherwise not appropriate for delivery to the directors. The director or directors who receive any such communication will have discretion to determine whether the subject matter of the communication should be brought to the attention of the full Board or one or more of its committees and whether any response to the person sending the communication is appropriate. Any such response will be made through the Corporate Secretary and only in accordance with the Company’s policies and procedures and the applicable laws and regulations relating to the disclosure of information.
HOUSEHOLDING OF PROXY MATERIALS
The SEC’s rules permit companies and intermediaries such as brokers to satisfy delivery requirements for proxy statements and annual reports with respect to two or more shareholders sharing the same address by delivering a single proxy statement and annual report addressed to those shareholders. This process, which is commonly referred to as “householding,” potentially provides extra convenience for shareholders and cost savings for companies. Some brokers household proxy materials and annual reports, delivering a single proxy statement and annual report to multiple shareholders sharing an address, although each shareholder will receive a separate proxy card. Once a shareholder has received notice from his or her broker that they will be householding materials, householding will continue until the shareholder is notified otherwise or revokes consent. If at any time a shareholder no longer wishes to participate in householding and would prefer to receive a separate proxy statement and annual report, or if a shareholder is receiving multiple copies of either document and wishes to receive only one, the shareholder should notify his or her broker. If a shareholder would like to receive a separate copy of this Proxy Statement, Notice of Annual Meeting or 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, he or she should contact the Company by writing to the Corporate Secretary, Cheniere Energy, Inc., 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002; (713) 375-5000. The Company undertakes to deliver the requested materials promptly upon request.
AVAILABILITY OF DOCUMENTS
The Company is including with this Proxy Statement a copy of its 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, which has been filed with the SEC and is incorporated in this Proxy Statement by reference. The Company will furnish to any person any exhibits described in the list accompanying such report upon payment of reasonable fees relating to the Company’s furnishing such exhibits. Requests for copies of this Proxy Statement and the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (including exhibits thereto) for the Meeting and future shareholders meetings should be directed to the Corporate Secretary, Cheniere Energy, Inc., 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002. Paper or email copies of this Proxy Statement and the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (including exhibits thereto) for the Meeting can also be obtained free of charge by calling toll-free 1-877-375-5001 and asking for the Company’s Investor Relations Department, contacting Investor Relations at Investors@cheniere.com or can be accessed at the Investor Relations section of our website at www.cheniere.com/2023AnnualMeeting. Any such requests must be made by April 27, 2023 to facilitate timely delivery.
92 | CHENIERE |
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE
This Proxy Statement contains several website addresses, which are intended to provide textual context only, information contained on or connected to such websites, including our corporate responsibility report, is not incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement and should not be considered part of this Proxy Statement or any other filing that we make with the SEC, unless specifically provided otherwise in such filing.
By order of the Board of Directors
Sean N. Markowitz
Corporate Secretary
April 10, 2023
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
93 |
APPENDIX A
Definition of Cumulative Distributable Cash Flow Per Share and Absolute Total Shareholder Return for 2022 LTI Awards
Performance Period: January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2024
Definition of Distributable Cash Flow
Cheniere Energy, Inc. (the “Company”) defines Distributable Cash Flow as cash generated from the Operations of the Company and its subsidiaries and adjusted for non-controlling interest. The Company defines Distributable Cash Flow of its subsidiaries as net income (loss), adjusted for certain non-cash items, restructuring and severance payments, litigation settlement payments, cash settled share based compensation above or below assumed forecasts, cash settled taxes related to share based compensation above or below assumed targets, annual bonus payments above or below assumed targets, less maintenance capital expenditures. Non-cash items include, but are not limited to, depreciation, depletion and amortization, non-cash compensation expense, paid-in-kind interest expense, gains and losses on disposals of assets, unrealized gains and losses on commodity, FX and interest rate risk management activities, non-cash restructuring expense, non-cash impairment charges, losses/gains on early extinguishment of debt and associated termination of interest rate hedges, change in income tax valuation allowance and deferred income taxes. Unrealized gains and losses on commodity risk management activities include unrealized gains and losses on commodity derivatives and inventory fair value adjustments (excluding lower of cost or market adjustments). For unconsolidated affiliates, Distributable Cash Flow reflects the Company’s proportionate share of the investee’s distributable cash flow.
On a consolidated basis, Distributable Cash Flow includes 100% of the Distributable Cash Flow of the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. However, to the extent that noncontrolling interests exist among the Company’s subsidiaries, the Company’s share of Distributable Cash Flow is calculated as the Distributable Cash Flow of the subsidiary reduced by the economic interest of the non-controlling investors as if 100% of the Distributable Cash Flow were distributed in order to reflect our ownership interests and our incentive distribution rights, if applicable.
For Distributable Cash Flow attributable to the Company, as adjusted, certain transaction-related and non-recurring expenses that are included in net income may be excluded as determined by the Compensation Committee.
Definition of Distributable Cash Flow Per Share
The Company defines Distributable Cash Flow Per Share as Distributable Cash Flow for any given quarter divided by weighted average shares outstanding for that quarter (share count assumption subject to adjustment for variances related to share based compensation).
Definition of Cumulative Distributable Cash Flow Per Share
The Company defines Cumulative Distributable Cash Flow Per Share as the sum of Distributable Cash Flow Per Share for the twelve consecutive quarters ended December 31, 2024.
Definition of Absolute Total Shareholder Return (ATSR)
The Company defines ATSR as the annualized rate of return that Cheniere Energy, Inc. shareholders receive through changes in share price and assumed reinvestment of dividends paid over the performance period. Dividends per share paid other than in the form of cash shall have a value equal to the amount of such dividends reported by Cheniere Energy, Inc. to its shareholders for purposes of Federal income taxation. For purposes of determining the ATSR, the change in the price of a share will be based upon (x) the average of the closing share prices on each of the 45 trading days preceding the start of the performance period and (y) the average of the closing share prices on each of the 45 trading days preceding the end of the performance period.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
A-1 |
APPENDIX B
Definition of Cumulative Distributable Cash Flow Per Share and Absolute Total Shareholder Return for 2023 LTI Awards
Performance Period: January 1, 2023 through December 31, 2025
Definition of Distributable Cash Flow
Cheniere Energy, Inc. (the “Company”) defines Distributable Cash Flow as cash generated from the Operations of the Company and its subsidiaries and adjusted for non-controlling interest. The Company defines Distributable Cash Flow of its subsidiaries as net income (loss), adjusted for certain non-cash items, restructuring and severance payments, litigation settlement payments, cash settled share based compensation above or below assumed forecasts, cash settled taxes related to share based compensation above or below assumed targets, annual bonus payments above or below assumed targets, less maintenance capital expenditures. Non-cash items include, but are not limited to, depreciation, depletion and amortization, non-cash compensation expense, paid-in-kind interest expense, gains and losses on disposals of assets, unrealized gains and losses on commodity, FX and interest rate risk management activities, non-cash restructuring expense, non-cash impairment charges, losses/gains on early extinguishment of debt and associated termination of interest rate hedges, change in income tax valuation allowance and deferred income taxes. Unrealized gains and losses on commodity risk management activities include unrealized gains and losses on commodity derivatives and inventory fair value adjustments (excluding lower of cost or market adjustments). For unconsolidated affiliates, Distributable Cash Flow reflects the Company’s proportionate share of the investee’s distributable cash flow.
On a consolidated basis, Distributable Cash Flow includes 100% of the Distributable Cash Flow of the Company’s consolidated subsidiaries. However, to the extent that noncontrolling interests exist among the Company’s subsidiaries, the Company’s share of Distributable Cash Flow is calculated as the Distributable Cash Flow of the subsidiary reduced by the economic interest of the non-controlling investors as if 100% of the Distributable Cash Flow were distributed in order to reflect our ownership interests and our incentive distribution rights, if applicable.
For Distributable Cash Flow attributable to the Company, as adjusted, certain transaction-related and non-recurring expenses that are included in net income may be excluded as determined by the Compensation Committee.
Definition of Distributable Cash Flow Per Share
The Company defines Distributable Cash Flow Per Share as Distributable Cash Flow for any given quarter divided by weighted average shares outstanding for that quarter (share count assumption subject to adjustment for variances related to share based compensation).
Definition of Cumulative Distributable Cash Flow Per Share
The Company defines Cumulative Distributable Cash Flow Per Share as the sum of Distributable Cash Flow Per Share for the twelve consecutive quarters ended December 31, 2025.
Definition of Absolute Total Shareholder Return (ATSR)
The Company defines ATSR as the annualized rate of return that Cheniere Energy, Inc. shareholders receive through changes in share price and assumed reinvestment of dividends paid over the performance period. Dividends per share paid other than in the form of cash shall have a value equal to the amount of such dividends reported by Cheniere Energy, Inc. to its shareholders for purposes of Federal income taxation. For purposes of determining the ATSR, the change in the price of a share will be based upon (x) the average of the closing share prices on each of the 45 trading days preceding the start of the performance period and (y) the average of the closing share prices on each of the 45 trading days preceding the end of the performance period.
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
B-1 |
APPENDIX C
Definition and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Measures
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA represents net income (loss) attributable to Cheniere before net income attributable to the non-controlling interest, interest expense, net of capitalized interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted for certain non-cash items, other non-operating income or expense items, and other items not otherwise predictive or indicative of ongoing operating performance, as detailed in the following reconciliation. Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to represent cash flows from operations or net income as defined by U.S. GAAP and is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. We use Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA as a quantitative performance goal in our annual incentive program.
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by taking net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders before net income attributable to non-controlling interest, interest expense, net of capitalized interest, changes in the fair value and settlement of our interest rate derivatives, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and adjusting for the effects of certain non-cash items, other non-operating income or expense items, and other items not otherwise predictive or indicative of ongoing operating performance, including the effects of modification or extinguishment of debt, impairment expense and loss on disposal of assets, changes in the fair value of our commodity and foreign currency exchange (“FX”) derivatives prior to contractual delivery or termination and non-cash compensation expense. We believe the exclusion of these items enables investors and other users of our financial information to assess our sequential and year-over-year performance and operating trends on a more comparable basis and is consistent with management’s own evaluation of performance.
Non-GAAP measures have limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or in lieu of an analysis of our results as reported under GAAP, and should be evaluated only on a supplementary basis.
The following table reconciles our Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA to U.S. GAAP results for the year ended December 31, 2022 (in millions):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 |
||||
Net income attributable to common stockholders |
|
1,428 |
| |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
1,207 |
| |
Income tax provision |
|
459 |
| |
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest |
|
1,406 |
| |
Loss on modification or extinguishment of debt |
|
66 |
| |
Interest rate derivative loss, net |
|
(2 |
) | |
Other expense, net |
|
(5 |
) | |
|
|
|||
Income from operations |
|
4,559 |
| |
|
|
|||
Adjustments to reconcile income from operations to Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA: |
|
|
| |
Depreciation and amortization expense |
|
1,119 |
| |
Loss from changes in fair value of commodity and FX derivatives, net |
|
5,773 |
| |
Total non-cash compensation expense |
|
108 |
| |
Other |
|
5 |
| |
|
|
|||
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA |
|
11,564 |
| |
|
|
Distributable Cash Flow is defined as cash generated from the operations of Cheniere and its subsidiaries and adjusted for non-controlling interest. The Distributable Cash Flow of Cheniere’s subsidiaries is calculated by taking the subsidiaries’ EBITDA less interest expense, net of capitalized interest, taxes, maintenance capital expenditures and other non-operating income or expense items, and adjusting for the effect of certain non-cash items and other items not otherwise predictive or indicative of ongoing operating performance, including the effects of modification or extinguishment of debt, amortization of debt issue costs, premiums or discounts, impairment of equity method investment and deferred taxes. Cheniere’s Distributable Cash Flow includes 100% of the Distributable Cash Flow of Cheniere’s wholly-owned subsidiaries. For subsidiaries with non-controlling investors, our share of Distributable Cash Flow is calculated as the Distributable Cash Flow of the subsidiary reduced by the economic interest of the non-controlling investors as if 100% of the Distributable Cash Flow were distributed in order to reflect our ownership interests and
2023 PROXY STATEMENT |
C-1 |
APPENDIX C
our incentive distribution rights, if applicable. The Distributable Cash Flow attributable to non-controlling interest is calculated in the same method as Distributions to non-controlling interest as presented on our Statements of Stockholders’ Equity in our Forms 10-Q and Forms 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This amount may differ from the actual distributions paid to non-controlling investors by the subsidiary for a particular period.
We believe Distributable Cash Flow is a useful performance measure for management, investors and other users of our financial information to evaluate our performance and to measure and estimate the ability of our assets to generate cash earnings after servicing our debt, paying cash taxes and expending sustaining capital, that could be used for discretionary purposes such as common stock dividends, stock repurchases, retirement of debt, or expansion capital expenditures. Management uses this measure and believes it provides users of our financial statements a useful measure reflective of our business’s ability to generate cash earnings to supplement the comparable GAAP measure. Distributable Cash Flow is not intended to represent cash flows from operations or net income (loss) as defined by U.S. GAAP and is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
The following table reconciles our Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA and Distributable Cash Flow to Net income attributable to common stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2022 (in billions):
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022 |
||||
Net income attributable to common stockholders |
|
1.43 |
| |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
1.21 |
| |
Income tax benefit |
|
0.46 |
| |
Interest expense, net of capitalized interest |
|
1.41 |
| |
Depreciation and amortization expense |
|
1.12 |
| |
Other expense, financing costs, and certain non-cash operating expenses |
|
5.95 |
| |
|
|
|||
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA |
|
11.56 |
| |
|
|
|||
Interest expense (net of capitalized interest and amortization) and realized interest rate derivatives |
|
(1.36 |
) | |
Maintenance capital expenditures, income tax and other expense |
|
(0.15 |
) | |
|
|
|||
Consolidated Distributable Cash Flow |
|
10.05 |
| |
|
|
|||
Cheniere Partners’ distributable cash flow attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
(1.33 |
) | |
|
|
|||
Cheniere Distributable Cash Flow |
|
8.72 |
| |
|
|
Adjusted SG&A Expense is defined as controllable Selling, General and Administrative expenses adjusted for certain extraordinary events and share-based compensation, and other items not otherwise predictive or indicative of ongoing operating performance.
Adjusted O&M Expense is defined as controllable Operations and Maintenance expenses adjusted for certain extraordinary events and share-based compensation, and other items not otherwise predictive or indicative of ongoing operating performance.
C-2 | CHENIERE |
CHENIERE ENERGY, INC.
700 MILAM STREET
SUITE 1900
HOUSTON, TX 77002
VOTE BY INTERNET - www.proxyvote.com or scan the QR Barcode above
Use the Internet to transmit your voting instructions and for electronic delivery of information. Vote by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 10, 2023. Have your proxy card in hand when you access the web site and follow the instructions to obtain your records and to create an electronic voting instruction form.
VOTE BY PHONE - 1-800-690-6903
Use any touch-tone telephone to transmit your voting instructions. Vote by 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on May 10, 2023. Have your proxy card in hand when you call and then follow the instructions.
VOTE BY MAIL
Mark, sign and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope we have provided or return it to Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717.
TO VOTE, MARK BLOCKS BELOW IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS FOLLOWS: | ||||
V10526-P92725 | KEEP THIS PORTION FOR YOUR RECORDS | |||
— — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — | ||||
THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN SIGNED AND DATED. | DETACH AND RETURN THIS PORTION ONLY | |||
CHENIERE ENERGY, INC. | ||||||||
The Board of Directors recommends you vote FOR the following: |
||||||||
1. Election of Directors |
||||||||
Nominees: |
For | Against | Abstain | |||||
1a. G. Andrea Botta |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1b. Jack A. Fusco |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1c. Patricia K. Collawn |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1d. Brian E. Edwards |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1e. Denise Gray |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1f. Lorraine Mitchelmore |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1g. Donald F. Robillard, Jr |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1h. Matthew Runkle |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
1i. Neal A. Shear |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
|
The Board of Directors recommends you vote FOR the following proposal: | For | Against | Abstain | |||||
2. Approve, on an advisory and non-binding basis, the compensation of the Company’s named executive officers for 2022. |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
The Board of Directors recommends you vote for "1 YEAR" on the following proposal: |
1 Year | 2 Years | 3 Years | Abstain | ||||
3. Approve, on an advisory and non-binding basis, the frequency of holding future advisory votes on the compensation of the Company's named executive officers. |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ | ||||
The Board of Directors recommends you vote FOR the following proposal: |
For | Against | Abstain | |||||
4. Ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for 2023. |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||
The Board of Directors recommends you vote AGAINST the following proposal: |
For | Against | Abstain | |||||
5. Shareholder Proposal regarding climate change risk analysis. |
☐ | ☐ | ☐ |
Please sign exactly as your name(s) appear(s) hereon. When signing as attorney, executor, administrator, or other fiduciary, please give full title as such. Joint owners should each sign personally. All holders must sign. If a corporation or partnership, please sign in full corporate or partnership name by authorized officer. |
Signature [PLEASE SIGN WITHIN BOX] |
Date | Signature (Joint Owners) |
Date |
Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting:
The Notice and Proxy Statement and Annual Report are available at www.proxyvote.com.
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V10527-P92725
CHENIERE ENERGY, INC.
THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS FOR THE
ANNUAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON MAY 11, 2023
The undersigned hereby appoints Sean N. Markowitz and Zach Davis, and each of them, any one of whom may act without joinder of the other, with full power of substitution and ratification, proxies of the undersigned to vote all shares of Cheniere Energy, Inc. which the undersigned is entitled to vote at the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held at the Company's headquarters at 700 Milam Street, Suite 1900, Houston, Texas 77002 on Thursday, May 11, 2023 at 9:00 a.m. Central Time, and at any adjournment or postponement thereof.
THIS PROXY, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED AND RETURNED, WILL BE VOTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPECIFICATIONS MADE HEREON. IF NO CONTRARY SPECIFICATION IS MADE, THEN THIS PROXY (IF SIGNED) WILL BE VOTED "FOR" THE ELECTION OF THE NINE DIRECTOR NOMINEES NAMED IN PROPOSAL 1, "FOR" PROPOSALS 2 AND 4, FOR "ONE YEAR" IN PROPOSAL 3 AND "AGAINST" PROPOSAL 5. WHETHER OR NOT SPECIFICATIONS ARE MADE, EACH OF THE PROXIES IS AUTHORIZED TO VOTE IN HIS OR HER DISCRETION ON SUCH OTHER BUSINESS AS MAY PROPERLY COME BEFORE THE MEETING AND AT ANY ADJOURNMENT OR POSTPONEMENT THEREOF.
PLEASE DATE, SIGN AND RETURN THIS PROXY PROMPTLY IN THE ENCLOSED, PRE-ADDRESSED STAMPED ENVELOPE.
Continued and to be signed on reverse side